The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy is a conservative-liberal political party in the Netherlands. The VVD,whose forerunner was the Freedom Party,is a party of the centre-right,which promotes private enterprise and economic liberalism.
The Labour Party is a social-democratic political party in the Netherlands.
The politics of the Netherlands take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy,the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues,within both of the political community and society as a whole.
Jeanine Antoinette Hennis-Plasschaert is a Dutch politician and diplomat serving as Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq since 1 November 2018. She is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).
Mark Rutte is a Dutch politician who has served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands since 2010. He is currently acting in a demissionary capacity,scheduled to leave politics following the installation of the next cabinet after the 2023 general election. Rutte was the leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) from 2006 through 2023. On 2 August 2022 he became the longest-serving prime minister in the history of the Netherlands.
The minister of foreign affairs is the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a member of the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers. The incumbent minister is Hanke Bruins Slot of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) who has been in office since 5 September 2023. Regularly,a state secretary is assigned to the ministry who is tasked with specific portfolios,currently the function is not in use. Additionally since 1965 there has been a minister without portfolio assigned to the ministry,the minister for foreign trade and development cooperation has traditionally development cooperation as portfolio,since 2012 the portfolio of trade and export has been assigned added to the function. The current minister for foreign trade and development cooperation is Liesje Schreinemacher of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) who has been in office since 1 September 2023.
Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and historian.
Anna Maria Agnes "Agnes" van Ardenne-Van der Hoeven is a retired Dutch politician and diplomat of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).
The minister for foreign trade and development cooperation is a minister without portfolio in the Netherlands. The officeholder,who is a member of the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers,is assigned to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The minister is tasked with Trade and Export,Development Cooperation and International Environmental Policies. The current acting minister is Geoffrey van Leeuwen of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) who has been replacing Liesje Schreinemacher during her maternity leave since 4 December 2023.
Cornelia "Cora" van Nieuwenhuizen-Wijbenga is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). She served as Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management in the Third Rutte cabinet from 2017 to 2021,and briefly as Minister of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy in 2021.
Wouter Koolmees is a Dutch economist and politician and of the Democrats 66 (D66) party who served as Minister of Social Affairs and Employment in the Third Rutte cabinet from 2017 to 2022. He also served as second Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 2019 to 2020 during Kajsa Ollongren's medical leave of absence. He is also the CEO of Nederlandse Spoorwegen.
Elisabeth Maria Josepha "Lilianne" Ploumen is a Dutch politician and activist who served as Leader of the Labour Party from January 2021 until April 2022. She had been a member of the House of Representatives since 2017,as well as parliamentary leader since 2021,leaving the House of Representatives upon her resignation as party leader. Ploumen previously served as Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation from 2012 to 2017.
Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag is a Dutch politician,humanitarian and diplomat. She was the leader of the Democrats 66 (D66) and served as Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation,as Minister of Foreign Affairs,and as Minister of Finance.
The third Rutte cabinet was the cabinet of the Netherlands from 26 October 2017 until 10 January 2022. It was formed by a coalition government of the political parties People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD),Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA),Democrats 66 (D66) and Christian Union (CU) after the general election of 2017.
Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra is a Dutch politician. He served as second Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands and Minister of Foreign Affairs in the fourth Rutte cabinet between 10 January 2022 and 1 September 2023. Hoekstra previously served as Minister of Finance in the third Rutte cabinet from 2017 to 2022 and Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) from 2020 to 2023. In 2023,he was nominated to take on the role of Frans Timmermans as EU Commissioner,being responsible for climate action;a petition was started against Hoekstra's nomination due to his past work for Shell and his decisions that backed oil explorations in the Netherlands.
Caroline Nagtegaal is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament since 2017.
Sophia Theodora Monique "Sophie" Hermans is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) who has sat in the House of Representatives since 2017. As of 11 January 2022 she is the VVD's parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives.
Raoul Marc Boucke is a Surinamese-Dutch civil servant and politician,who has served as a member of the House of Representatives since 2021. He is a member of the social liberal party Democrats 66 (D66). Prior to his political career,Boucke worked for two government ministries,the European Commission,as well as the Dutch representation to the European Union.
The fourth Rutte cabinet is the current cabinet of the Netherlands. It was inaugurated on 10 January 2022. The cabinet is a continuation of the third Rutte cabinet and is formed by the conservative liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD),the social liberal Democrats 66 (D66) and the Christian democratic Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and Christian Union (CU) after the election of 2021. The cabinet fell on 7 July 2023,after failing to reach an agreement on separate treatment of refugees fleeing from war. As a result,the cabinet became demissionary.
Geoffrey van Leeuwen is a Dutch diplomat and civil servant who has been serving as acting Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation since 4 December 2023 during the maternity leave of Liesje Schreinemacher. He has also been the ambassador of the Netherlands to Afghanistan.
