Linophryne macrodon

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Linophryne macrodon
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Lophiiformes
Family: Linophrynidae
Genus: Linophryne
Species:
L. macrodon
Binomial name
Linophryne macrodon
Regan, 1925

Linophryne macrodon is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a group of deep water anglerfishes. , [2] that live in waters 300 to 1000 m (980 to 3280 ft) deep in theeastern pacific and western Atlantic Oceans. [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

Linophryne macrodon was first formally described in 1925 by the English ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan with its type locality given as the Gulf of Panama 6°48'N, 80°33'W from a depth of around 1,750 m (5,740 ft), collected by the Danish research vessel Dana . [4] This species classified within the nominate subgenus of Linophryne. [5] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies Linophryne within the family Linophrynidae, which it places within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes, within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. [6]

Etymology

Linophryne macrodon is classified within the genus Linophryne, an name which prefixes linos, which means "net", an allusion Collett did not explain when he proposed the genus, with phryne, meaning "toad". The prefix may be a reference to the sac like mouth hanging off the trunk, which in the holotype contained a lanternfish, like a fisherman's keep net. The second part phryne is commonly used in the names of anglerfish genera. Its use may date as far back as Aristotle and Cicero, who referred to anglerfishes as "fishing-frogs" and "sea-frogs," respectively, possibly because of their resemblance to frogs and toads. The specific name, macrodon, means "large tooth", an allusion that was not explained by Regan, but it is probably a reference to the large widely spaced teeth, some of which are fang-like. [5]

Description

Females grow up to 9.1 cm in length, and have a single distal branched filament, that is half the diameter of the bulb. It has three branches along each side of the bulb, that can be 3 times the diameter of the bulb, and have subdermal pigment on the caudal peduncle. Males are smaller, at only 2.2 cm in length, and have pointed sphenotic spines. [3] The eggs of L. macrodon are only 1 mm in diameter. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Linophryne macrodon has been recorded from the Gulf of Maine, the Bear Seamount at 39°52'N, 67°27'W, Bermuda and the Gulf of Mexico in the centreal Western Atlantic. It has also been recorded from the Gulf of Panama in the eastern central Pacific. [1] This is a bathypelagic species found at depths between 300 and 1,000 m (980 and 3,280 ft), [3] over seamounts. [1]

Specimens

All the specimens of L. macrodon have been caught from non-closing nets, from depths to 1000 m (3280 ft), but one that was 44 mm was taken at only 300 m (980 ft) deep from a bottom haul in the mesopelagic zone. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leftvent</span> Family of fishes

Leftvents are a family, the Linophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes which is classified within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes. These fishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fanfin</span> Family of fishes

Fanfins or hairy anglerfish are a family, Caulophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. The fishes in this family are found almost around the world in the deeper, aphotic waters of the oceans.

<i>Haplophryne</i> Genus of anglerfish

Haplophryne mollis, the ghostly seadevil or soft leftvent angler, is a species of anglerfish in the family Linophrynidae and is the only species in the genus Haplophryne. It is found in the bathypelagic and mesopelagic zones of tropical and subtropical parts of the world's oceans at depths down to about 2,250 m (7,400 ft).

<i>Caulophryne polynema</i> Species of fish

Caulophryne polynema is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins. This species is a deepwater species which is found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Like other deepwater anglerfishes it shows extreme sexual dimorphism with the males being much smaller than the females and acting as sexual parasites of the females.

<i>Acentrophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Acentrophryne is a genus of deep-sea anglerfish in the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, known from the eastern Pacific Ocean. Fossils of the type species, A. longidens, have been found in Late Miocene strata of Rosedale, California.

<i>Borophryne</i> Species of fish

Borophryne apogon, the netdevil, or greedy seadevil, is a species of leftvent anglerfish known today from the waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean off the Central American coast. It is found at depths down to around 1,750 m (5,700 ft). This species grows to a length of 8.3 centimetres (3.3 in) TL. A fossil specimen of this species has been found in the Los Angeles Basin dating back to the Late Miocene, some eight million years ago.

<i>Linophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Linophryne, the bearded seadevils, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents. These deep sea anglerfishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Chaenophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Chaenophryne is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes they are sexually dimorphic with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, the males are not sexual parasites.

Chirophryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the gneus is Chirophryne xenolophus, the longhand dreamer. This species is known from a few locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Danaphryne</i> Monotypic genus of fish

Danaphryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Danaphryne nigrifilis which is found in the tropical and temperate regions of all of the world's oceans.

<i>Linophryne algibarbata</i> Species of fish

Linophryne algibarbata is a species of marine ray-finned fish beloning to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents. This fish occurs im the North Atlantic Ocean.

Linophryne andersoni is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a group of deep water anglerfishes. This species is found in deep water northeast of the Line Islands.

<i>Caulophryne pelagica</i> Species of fish

Caulophryne pelagica is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins. This species is a deepwater species which is found in the eastern Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean. Its biology is little known but similar species show extreme sexual dimorphism with the very small makes seeking out and attaching themselves to the much larger females and becoming parasites of the females.

Caulophryne bacescui of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins or hairy anglerfishes. It is known from a single specimen collected from the Eastern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Chaenophryne draco</i> Species of fish

Chaenophryne draco, the smooth dreamer, or smooth-headed dreamer, is a species marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes it is sexually dimorphic with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, the males are not sexual parasites.

<i>Chaenophryne longiceps</i> Species of fish

Chaenophryne longiceps, the can-opener smoothdream, longhead dreamer or smooth-head dreamer, is a species marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes it is sexually dimorphic with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, the males are not sexual parasites.

<i>Acentrophryne dolichonema</i> Species of angler fish

Acentrophryne dolichonema is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This species is only known from the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru.

Chaenophryne melanorhabdus is a species marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the Pacific Ocean. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes dreamers are sexually dimorphic with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, the males are not sexual parasites.

<i>Acentrophryne longidens</i> Species of fish

Acentrophryne longidens is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophryidae, the leftvents, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This species is only known from the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Costa Rica and Panama.

<i>Linophryne lucifer</i> Species of fish

Linophryne lucifer is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a group of deep water anglerfishes. This species is found in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is the type species of the genus Linophryne.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Carpenter, K.E.; Robertson, R.; Rivera Higueras, M. & Matson, C. (2019). "Linophryne macrodon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T190483A122050946. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T190483A122050946.en . Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  2. ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Linophryne macrodon Regan, 1925". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
  3. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Linophryne macrodon". Fishbase . June 2024 version.
  4. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Linophryne". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 24 April 2024.
  5. 1 2 Christopher Scharpf (24 August 2024). "Order LOPHIIFORMES (part 2): Families CAULOPHRYNIDAE, NEOCERATIIDAE, MELANOCETIDAE, HIMANTOLOPHIDAE, DICERATIIDAE, ONEIRODIDAE, THAUMATICHTHYIDAE, CENTROPHRYNIDAE, CERATIIDAE, GIGANTACTINIDAE and LINOPHRYNIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  6. ↑ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 508–518. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  7. 1 2 "Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
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