List of African-American pioneers in desegregation of higher education

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This is a list of African-American pioneers in desegregation of higher education.

Contents

Contents

18th century
19th century: 1800s • 1810s • 1820s • 1830s • 1840s • 1850s • 1860s • 1870s • 1880s • 1890s
20th century: 1900s • 1910s • 1920s • 1930s • 1940s • 1950s • 1960s • 1970s • 1980s • 1990s
21st century: 2000s • 2010s
See also
References

19th century

1820s

1826

1830s

1836

1840s

1847

1849

1860s

1862

1864

1870s

1870

1872

1873

1876

1877

1879

  • First African American to graduate from a formal nursing school: Mary Eliza Mahoney, Boston, Massachusetts [13]

1880s

1883

1890s

1890

1895

20th century

1906

1910s

1917

1920s

1921

1923

1930s

1931

1932

1940s

1940

1943

1945

1947

1948

1949

1950s

1952

1956

  • First African-American to attend the University of Alabama: Autherine Lucy. [36] She and Pollie Anne Myers had previously been the first black students admitted to the university, but had to undergo a three-year legal campaign to attend, and the university then found a pretext to block Myers's eventual admittance. [37] Lucy's expulsion from the institution after a violent riot of white men against her led to the university's President Oliver Carmichael's resignation. [38] [39]

1957

  • First Black American to receive an undergraduate degree from a formerly segregated Southern college or university: Gwendolyn Lila Toppin, Texas Western College of the University of Texas (now University of Texas at El Paso). [40]

1960s

1960

1961

1962

  • Dr. Tom Jones, D.D.S., an African-American student who had won a scholarship from Phillips Petroleum Company, entered University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Dentistry. He became the second African American to attend, and graduate, dental school, graduating in 1965. Some of the school's patients would refuse to let the two African-American students treat them. Speaking in 2007, Jones said, "Dean Hamilton Robinson and Assistant Dean Jack Wells refused to negotiate. "They would say, 'Either they work on you or nobody works on you.'" [45]

1963

1965

1969

1970s

1978

  • First person in the state of Arkansas to become board certified in pediatric endocrinology (Dr. Joycelyn Elders). [49]

1980s

1980

  • First African-American woman to graduate from (and to attend) the U.S. Naval Academy: Janie L. Mines, graduated in 1980 [50] [51] [52]

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References

  1. ↑ Wills, David W. (2020). "Remembering Edward Jones: First Black Graduate, Missionary Hero, 'Genteel Young Man of Excellent Disposition". In Saxton, Martha (ed.). Amherst in the World. Amherst College Press. pp. 29–50. Retrieved 2025-01-03– via JSTOR.
  2. ↑ "John Brown Russwurm Collection, 1819–2000, n.d." Bowdoin College. n.d. Archived from the original on June 23, 2019. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  3. ↑ "Recollections from the Archives: John Sykes Fayette". Blog.case.edu. Archived from the original on December 21, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
  4. ↑ Ward, Thomas J. (2003). Black physicians in the Jim Crow South. University of Arkansas Press. p. 47. ISBN   978-1-61075-072-1 . Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  5. 1 2 Jackson, Sandra; Johnson, Richard Greggory (2011). The black professoriat: negotiating a habitable space in the academy. Peter Lang. pp. 2–4. ISBN   978-1-4331-1027-6 . Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  6. ↑ Logan, Rayford W. (1969). Howard University: The First Hundred Years, 1867 – 1967. New York University Press. p. 5. ISBN   978-0-8147-0263-5 . Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  7. ↑ Farmer, Vernon L.; Wynn, Evelyn Shepherd (2012). Voices of Historical and Contemporary Black American Pioneers. ABC-CLIO. pp. 11–12. ISBN   978-0-313-39224-5. Archived from the original on January 3, 2014. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
  8. ↑ Williams, Albert E. (2003). Black Warriors: Unique Units and Individuals. Infinity Publishing. p. 19. ISBN   9780741415257. Archived from the original on 2024-02-11. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
  9. ↑ Harley, Sharon (1996). The timetables of African-American history: a chronology of the most important people and events in African-American history . New York: Simon & Schuster. p.  168. ISBN   9780684815787 . Retrieved May 27, 2013.
  10. ↑ Preston, Izola. "Joseph Carter Corbin". Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture. Butler Center. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
  11. ↑ Mickens, Ronald E. (2002). Edward Bouchet: The First African-American Doctorate. World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. ISBN   9789810249090.
  12. ↑ "Lieutenant Henry Ossian Flipper". Center of Military History – United States Army. Archived from the original on September 22, 2009. Retrieved 2025-01-03.
  13. ↑ Darraj, Susan Muaddi (2009-01-01). Mary Eliza Mahoney. Infobase Publishing. ISBN   978-1438107608.
  14. ↑ Hine, Darlene Clark (2005). Black women in America. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 385. ISBN   978-0-19-515677-5 . Retrieved 29 May 2013.
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  16. ↑ "Black History Fact of the Week: Ida Gray Nelson Rollins | Our Weekly – African American News | Black News | Black Entertainment | Black America". Our Weekly. Archived from the original on 2012-03-23. Retrieved 2012-08-04.
  17. ↑ Moore, Jacqueline M. (2003). Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. DuBois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift. The African American history series. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 50. ISBN   978-0-8420-2994-0 . Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  18. ↑ "Untold Stories: Black History at the University of Oregon | UO Special Collections and University Archives Blog". blogs.uoregon.edu. UO Special Collections and University Archives. 2016-02-04. Retrieved 2016-02-04.
  19. ↑ Sarah Bartlett (2010-10-08). "Georgiana Simpson (1866–1944) • BlackPast". Blackpast.org. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
  20. ↑ Malveaux, Julianne (1997). "Missed Opportunity: Sadie Teller Mossell Alexander and the Economics Profession". In Thomas D. Boston (ed.). A Different Vision: Africa American Economic Thought. Vol. 1. Routledge Chapman & Hall. pp. 123–. ISBN   978-0-415-12715-8 . Retrieved 4 June 2013.
  21. ↑ Williams, Dewitt S. (1985). She Fulfilled the Impossible Dream: The Story of Eva B. Dykes. ISBN   9780828002745.
  22. ↑ "Virginia Proctor Powell Florence: A Remarkable Oberlin Alumna Librarian". Library Persectives \via=digitalcommons.oberlin.edu. No. 32. Spring 2005. p. 5.
  23. ↑ 175 Years of Black Pitt People and Notable Milestones. (2004). Blue Black and Gold 2004: Chancellor Mark A. Norenberg Reports on the Pitt African American Experience, 44. Retrieved on 2009-05-22.
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  26. ↑ "05-3180-Oberlin-Issue No.32" (PDF). Retrieved 2016-08-10.
  27. ↑ Harrison and Harrison, 1999. African-American Pioneers in Anthropology. New York: University of Illinois Press.
  28. ↑ Rankin-Hill and Blakey (1994). "W. Montague Cobb (1904–1990): Physical Anthropologist, Anatomist, and Activist". American Anthropological Association. 96: 74–96. doi:10.1525/aa.1994.96.1.02a00040 – via Wiley Online.
  29. ↑ Julie Des Jardins (21 July 2004). Women and the Historical Enterprise in America: Gender, Race and the Politics of Memory: Gender, Race, and the Politics of Memory, 1880–1945. University of North Carolina Press. pp. 172–. ISBN   978-0-8078-6152-3.
  30. ↑ "Euphemia Lofton Haynes, first African American woman mathematician". math.buffalo.edu. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
  31. ↑ "Honoring Judge Elreta Alexander '45, the First Black Woman to Graduate From Columbia Law". Columbia Law. 2020-12-16. Retrieved 2025-01-02.
  32. ↑ Buckelew, Richard A. "Silas Herbert Hunt". Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture. Butler Center. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
  33. ↑ Group, Sinclair Broadcast (29 May 2014). "Oregon State to name new residence hall after pioneering student". KVAL. Retrieved 2016-01-30.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  34. ↑ Schneller, Robert John (2005). Breaking the color barrier: the U.S. Naval Academy's first black midshipmen and the struggle for racial equality. New York: New York University Press. ISBN   0814740138.
  35. ↑ "University to Graduate First Negro Student". Hope Star. Hope, Arkansas. May 19, 1952. p. 3. Retrieved December 26, 2015– via Newspapers.com. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  36. ↑ "Civil rights pioneer Vivian Jones dies". USA Today. 2005-10-13. Retrieved 2007-11-23.
  37. ↑ "An Indomitable Spirit: Autherine Lucy". National Museum of African American History and Culture. 2017-10-11. Archived from the original on 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2020-02-24.
  38. ↑ "Expelled in 1956, Autherine Lucy Foster Receives Honorary Doctorate from University of Alabama". 6 May 2019.
  39. ↑ "Education: Goodbye to 'Bama – TIME". Time. Time. 1956-11-19. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
  40. ↑ Vierra, P. (January 2021). "The UTEP Miners History Sourcebook". Additional Items.
  41. ↑ Anderson, James; Byrne, Dara N. (2004). The Unfinished Agenda of Brown v. Board of Education. Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley & Sons. p. 169. ISBN   9780471649267. OCLC   53038681.
  42. ↑ Miller, Michelle (November 12, 2010). "Ruby Bridges, Rockwell Muse, Goes Back to School". CBS Evening News with Katie Couric. CBS Interactive Inc. Retrieved November 13, 2010.
  43. ↑ "Honoring the Legacy of the School's First African-American Graduate" (PDF). Explorer: UMKC School of Dentistry Alumni News. 72 (2): 6. Winter 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-25. Retrieved 2015-03-01.
  44. ↑ "Brown-Ewing Family Reunion 2012". Family Reunion Websites powered by MyEvent.com.
  45. ↑ "Jones named alumni award winner". News : University of Missouri – Kansas City. 2007-03-29. Archived from the original on 2015-02-26. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
  46. ↑ Dave, Paresh (February 18, 2014). "James Meredith talks about vandals". The Los Angeles Times .
  47. ↑ Robert L. Harris; Rosalyn Terborg-Penn (5 September 2008). The Columbia Guide to African American History Since 1939. Columbia University Press. pp. 298–. ISBN   978-0-231-13811-6.
  48. ↑ Martin, Douglas (October 14, 1995). "Vivian Malone Jones, 63, Dies; First Black Graduate of University of Alabama". The New York Times. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  49. ↑ U.S. National Library of Medicine. 03 June 2015. "Dr. M. Joyelyn Elders" Retrieved 01 February 2021.
  50. ↑ Cabiao, Howard (December 2010). "Mines, Janie L. (1958– )". Black Past. BlackPast.org. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  51. ↑ United States Office of Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Equal Opportunity and Safety Policy (1985). Black Americans in defense of our nation. US Department of Defense. p. 159. Retrieved 30 March 2017.{{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  52. ↑ Mines, Janie L. (June 1988). Integrated change management (PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 30 March 2017.

Notes

  1. ↑ Parker graduated from Mount Holyoke when it was still a seminary.
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