List of Arakanese monarchs

Last updated

King of Mrauk-U
King Maha Thammada Raza.jpg
Last to reign
Maha Thammada

2 December 1782 – 9 January 1785
Details
Style His Majesty
First monarch
Last monarch Maha Thammada
Formation
Abolition9 January 1785

The following is a list of monarchs of Arakan , covering the monarchs of the major kingdoms of Arakanese that existed in the present day Rakhine State.

Contents

For the Dhanyawadi and Waithali periods, various royal chronicles suggest that the dynasties were likely influenced by Indian rulers, with legends originating it from Sanskrit or Pali sources. These chronicles often connect the rulers to Indian Kingdoms. However, many of these accounts are also a blend of myths and historically based legendary figures, with different chronicles presenting varying dates and lists of kings.

Early Periods (2666 BCE)

Lemro Period (818–1406)

Unless otherwise noted, the regnal dates in this section are abbreviated to the first Western calendar year only although the Burmese calendar straddles the Western calendar. For example, the start of King Khittathin's reign, 380 ME (26 March 1018 to 25 March 1019 CE), is shown here only as 1018 (instead of 1018/19). While Arakanese Chronicles shows the dates of reign of Khittathin are from 818 (26 March 180 to 25 March 828 CE).

Pyinsa (818–1103)

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Khittathin 818–828foundergrandnephew of Chula Taing Sanda/son of Sandaku
Sandathin 828–843brother
Min Yin Phyu 843–873son
Naga Thuriya 873–904son
Thuriya Raza 904–936son
Ponnaka 936–969son
Min Gyiphyu 969–984son
Sithabin 984–986usurper
Min Nangyi 986–1014son of Min Phyugyi
Min Lade 1014–1034son
Min Kala 1043–1062son
Min Bilu 1062–1068son
Thinkhaya 1068–1076Chief of the Thet Peopleusurper
Min Than 1076–1090son
Min Pati 1190–1103son

Parein (1103–1167)

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Letya Min Nan 1103–1109grandson of Min Bilu/son of Min Re-bayaPagan nominee; 1118 ascension per Pagan dates
Thihaba 1109–1110son
Razagyi 1110–1112son
Thagiwin I 1112–1115son
Thagiwin II 1115–1133son
Kawliya 1133–1153sonBuilt the Mahâti Temple
Datharaza 1153–1165sonHistorians called him as the "Ashoka of Arakan"[ citation needed ]
Ananthiri 1165–1167son

Hkrit (1167–1180)

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Minpunsa 1167–1174brotherson of Datharaza
Pyinsakawa 1174–1176son
Danayupok 1176–1179son
Salinkabo 1179–1180usurper

Nyeinzara Toungoo (1180–1237)

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Misuthin 1180–1191son of Danayupok
Ngaranman 1191–1193son
Ngapogan 1193–1195son
Ngarakhaing 1195–1198son
Ngakyon 1198–1201son
Ngasu 1201–1205son
Swe Thin 1205–1206son
Minkhaung I 1206–1207brother
Minkhaung II 1207–1208son
Kabalaung I 1208–1209son
Kabalaung II 1209–1210son
Letya I 1210–1218son
Letya II 1218–1229son
Thanabin 1229–1232son
Nganathin 1232–1234son
Nganalon 1234–1250son

Launggyet (1251–1406)

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Alawmaphyu 1250–1256son of NganalonFounder
Razathu I 1256–1258son
Saw Lu 1258–1261son
Uzana I 1261–1269son
Saw Mon Gyi 1269–1273son
Nankyargyi 1273–1277son
Min Bilu 1277–1280son
Sithabin I 1283-usurper
Min Hti 1283–1389son of Min Bilu
Uzana II 1389–1391son
Thiwarit 1391–1392younger half-brotherson of Min Hti
Thinhse 1392–1394younger brotherson of Min Hti
Razathu II 1394–1395songrandson of Min Hti
Sithabin II 1395–1397usurper
Myinhseingyi 1397usurper
Razathu II 1397–1401restored
Theinkhathu 1401–1404brotherson of Thinshe
Saw Mon II 1404–1406nephewson of Razathu II

Great Grandson of Min Hti

Interregnum (1406–1429)

North Arakan

NameImageReign FromReign UntilRelationship with predecessor(s)
Anawrahta after 29 November 1406March 1408 Ava's vassal
Min Khayi or Min Saw Mon March 1408early 1411 Hanthawaddy's vassal
Min Khayi per Rakhine Razawin Thit; [1] Min Saw Mon, per Razadarit Ayedawbon [2]
Thray Sithu 1408 [sic]1409 [sic]Vassal ruler of Ava per Rakhine Razawin Thit'; [1] Not found in Burmese chronicles, which say Arakan was not under Ava rule during this period
Letyaearly 1411early 1412Governor-general of North Arakan (Ava's vassal)
Naranu141218 April 1429Ruler at Launnggyet (Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421)
Kyaswa14131416Ruler at Khway-Thin Taung (Ava's vassal) according to Rakhine Razawin Thit'; [1] not found in Burmese chronicles

Sandoway (Thandwe)

NameImageReign FromReign UntilRelationship with predecessor(s)
Sokkate early 1411early 1412Governor-general of Sandoway (Ava's vassal)
Thon-Ywa-Za1412?1436?Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421
Saw Yin Mi
Saw Yandameit
Baya Minye
1436?1437Co-regents

Mrauk-U (1429–1785)

The reign dates are per the Arakanese chronicle Rakhine Razawin Thit (Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1931), converted into Western dates using (Eade 1989). (Some Arakanese chronicles state the foundation of the kingdom a year later, 1430. Moreover, the end of the kingdom is given per Burmese records, 2 January 1785. Arakanese records give a day earlier, 1 January 1785.)

NameImageReign FromReign UntilRelationship with predecessor(s)
Narameikhla 18 April 14299 May 1433Founder
Naranu 9 May 1433c. January 1459Brother
Ba Saw Phyu c. January 14595 August 1482Son
Dawlya 5 August 1482c. February 1492Son
Ba Saw Nyo c. February 1492c. January 1494uncle, son of Khayi
Ran Aung c. January 1494c. July 1494Grandnephew, son of Dawlya
Salingathu c. July 1494February 1502Maternal uncle
Raza February 1502c. November 1513Son
Gazapati c. November 1513January 1515Son
Saw O January 1515July 1515Granduncle; brother of Salingathu
Thazata July 1515c. April 1521Son of Dawlya
Minkhaung c. April 152127 May 1531Younger Brother
Min Bin Shitthaung001.jpg 27 May 153111 January 1554Son of Min Raza
Dikkha 11 January 15546 March 1556Son
Saw Hla 6 March 155624 July 1564Son
Sekkya 24 July 15647 February 1572Brother
Hpalaung 7 February 15724 July 1593Son of Min Bin
Razagyi King Min Razagyi.jpg 4 July 15934 July 1612Son
Khamaung 4 July 161214 May 1622Son
Thiri Thudhamma 14 May 162229 May 1638Son
Sanay 29 May 163817 June 1638Son
Narapati 17 June 163813 December 1645Great grandson of Min Bin
Thado 13 December 1645c. May 1652Son
Sanda Thudhamma c. May 165211 June 1674Son
Uggabala 11 June 167416 April 1685Son
Wara Dhamma 16 April 168520 June 1692Brother
Mani Dhamma 20 June 169220 December 1694Elder brother
Sanda Thuriya I 20 December 16944 August 1696Brother
Nawrahta 4 August 169618 August 1696Son
Mayuppiya 18 August 169613 May 1697Usurper
Kalamandat 16 May 16975 June 1698Usurper
Naradipati 5 June 169817 June 1700Son of Sanda Thuriya
Sanda Wimala I 18 June 170030 March 1707Grandson of Thado
Sanda Thuriya II 3 April 1707September 1710Grandson of Sanda Thudhamma
Interregnum ~2 months
Sanda Wizaya November 1710April 1731Usurper
Sanda Thuriya III April 17311734Son-in-law
Naradipati II 17341735Son
Narapawara 1735September 1737Usurper
Sanda Wizala September 173725 March 1738Cousin
Madarit 28 March 17386 February 1743Brother
Nara Apaya 6 February 174328 October 1761Uncle
Thirithu 28 October 17613 February 1762Son
Sanda Parama 3 February 17621 May 1764Brother
Apaya 1 May 176417 January 1774Brother-in-law
Sanda Thumana 17 January 17745 May 1777Brother-in-law
Sanda Wimala II 6 May 17775 June 1777Usurper
Sanda Thaditha 5 June 17771 December 1782Usurper
Maha Thammada 2 December 17822 January 1785nephew in-law

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 RRT Vol. 2 1999: 10
  2. Pan Hla 2005: 240

Bibliography

External sources