List of Arakanese monarchs

Last updated February 24, 2024

The following is a list of monarchs of Arakan, starting from the Lemro period. For monarchs from earlier periods, see List of early and legendary monarchs of Burma.

Lemro Period (818–1406)

Unless otherwise noted, the regnal dates in this section are abbreviated to the first Western calendar year only although the Burmese calendar straddles the Western calendar. For example, the start of King Khittathin's reign, 380 ME (26 March 1018 to 25 March 1019 CE), is shown here only as 1018 (instead of 1018/19). While Arakanese Chronicles shows the dates of reign of Khittathin are from 818 (26 March 180 to 25 March 828 CE).

Pyinsa (818–1103)

Monarch	Reign	Relationship	Notes
Khittathin	818–828	founder	grandnephew of Chula Taing Sanda/son of Sandaku
Sandathin	828–843	brother
Min Yin Phyu	843–873	son
Naga Thuriya	873–904	son
Thuriya Raza	904–936	son
Ponnaka	936–969	son
Min Gyiphyu	969–984	son
Sithabin	984–986		usurper
Min Nangyi	986–1014	son of Min Phyugyi
Min Lade	1014–1034	son
Min Kala	1043–1062	son
Min Bilu	1062–1068	son
Thinkhaya	1068–1076	Chief of the Thet People	usurper
Min Than	1076–1090	son
Min Pati	1190–1103	son

Parein (1103–1167)

Monarch	Reign	Relationship	Notes
Letya Min Nan	1103–1109	grandson of Min Bilu/son of Min Re-baya	Pagan nominee; 1118 ascension per Pagan dates
Thihaba	1109–1110	son
Razagyi	1110–1112	son
Thagiwin I	1112–1115	son
Thagiwin II	1115–1133	son
Kawliya	1133–1153	son	Built the Mahâti Temple
Datharaza	1153–1165	son	Historians called him as the "Ashoka of Arakan"
Ananthiri	1165–1167	son

Hkrit (1167–1180)

Monarch	Reign	Relationship	Notes
Minpunsa	1167–1174	brother	son of Datharaza
Pyinsakawa	1174–1176	son
Danayupok	1176–1179	son
Salinkabo	1179–1180		usurper

Nyeinzara Toungoo (1180–1237)

Monarch	Reign	Relationship
Misuthin	1180–1191	son of Danayupok
Ngaranman	1191–1193	son
Ngapogan	1193–1195	son
Ngarakhaing	1195–1198	son
Ngakyon	1198–1201	son
Ngasu	1201–1205	son
Swe Thin	1205–1206	son
Minkhaung I	1206–1207	brother
Minkhaung II	1207–1208	son
Kabalaung I	1208–1209	son
Kabalaung II	1209–1210	son
Letya I	1210–1218	son
Letya II	1218–1229	son
Thanabin	1229–1232	son
Nganathin	1232–1234	son
Nganalon	1234–1250	son

Launggyet (1251–1406)

Monarch	Reign	Relationship	Notes
Alawmaphyu	1250–1256	son of Nganalon	Founder
Razathu I	1256–1258	son
Saw Lu	1258–1261	son
Uzana I	1261–1269	son
Saw Mon Gyi	1269–1273	son
Nankyargyi	1273–1277	son
Min Bilu	1277–1280	son
Sithabin I	1283-		usurper
Min Hti	1283–1389	son of Min Bilu
Uzana II	1389–1391	son
Thiwarit	1391–1392	younger half-brother	son of Min Hti
Thinhse	1392–1394	younger brother	son of Min Hti
Razathu II	1394–1395	son	grandson of Min Hti
Sithabin II	1395–1397		usurper
Myinhseingyi	1397		usurper
Razathu II	1397–1401		restored
Theinkhathu	1401–1404	brother	son of Thinshe
Saw Mon II	1404–1406	nephew	son of Razathu II Great Grandson of Min Hti

Interregnum (1406–1429)

North Arakan

Name	Reign From	Reign Until	Relationship with predecessor(s)
Anawrahta	after 29 November 1406	March 1408	Ava's vassal
Min Khayi or Min Saw Mon	March 1408	early 1411	Hanthawaddy's vassal Min Khayi per Rakhine Razawin Thit;^[1] Min Saw Mon, per Razadarit Ayedawbon^[2]
Thray Sithu	1408 [sic]	1409 [sic]	Vassal ruler of Ava per Rakhine Razawin Thit';^[1] Not found in Burmese chronicles, which say Arakan was not under Ava rule during this period
Letya	early 1411	early 1412	Governor-general of North Arakan (Ava's vassal)
Naranu	1412	18 April 1429	Ruler at Launnggyet (Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421)
Kyaswa	1413	1416	Ruler at Khway-Thin Taung (Ava's vassal) according to Rakhine Razawin Thit';^[1] not found in Burmese chronicles

Sandoway (Thandwe)

Name	Reign From	Reign Until	Relationship with predecessor(s)
Sokkate	early 1411	early 1412	Governor-general of Sandoway (Ava's vassal)
Thon-Ywa-Za	1412?	1436?	Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421
Saw Yin Mi Saw Yandameit Baya Minye	1436?	1437	Co-regents

Mrauk-U (1429–1785)

The reign dates are per the Arakanese chronicle Rakhine Razawin Thit (Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1931), converted into Western dates using (Eade 1989). (Some Arakanese chronicles state the foundation of the kingdom a year later, 1430. Moreover, the end of the kingdom is given per Burmese records, 2 January 1785. Arakanese records give a day earlier, 1 January 1785.)

Name	Reign From	Reign Until	Relationship with predecessor(s)
Narameikhla	18 April 1429	9 May 1433	Founder
Ali Khan	9 May 1433	c. January 1459	Brother
Ba Saw Phyu	c. January 1459	5 August 1482	Son
Dawlya	5 August 1482	c. February 1492	Son
Ba Saw Nyo	c. February 1492	c. January 1494	uncle, son of Khayi
Ran Aung	c. January 1494	c. July 1494	Grandnephew, son of Dawlya
Salingathu	c. July 1494	February 1502	Maternal uncle
Raza	February 1502	c. November 1513	Son
Gazapati	c. November 1513	January 1515	Son
Saw O	January 1515	July 1515	Granduncle; brother of Salingathu
Thazata	July 1515	c. April 1521	Son of Dawlya
Minkhaung	c. April 1521	27 May 1531	Younger Brother
Min Bin	27 May 1531	11 January 1554	Son of Min Raza
Dikkha	11 January 1554	6 March 1556	Son
Saw Hla	6 March 1556	24 July 1564	Son
Sekkya	24 July 1564	7 February 1572	Brother
Hpalaung	7 February 1572	4 July 1593	Son of Min Bin
Razagyi	4 July 1593	4 July 1612	Son
Khamaung	4 July 1612	14 May 1622	Son
Thiri Thudhamma	14 May 1622	29 May 1638	Son
Sanay	29 May 1638	17 June 1638	Son
Narapati	17 June 1638	13 December 1645	Great grandson of Min Bin
Thado	13 December 1645	c. May 1652	Son
Sanda Thudhamma	c. May 1652	11 June 1674	Son
Uggabala	11 June 1674	16 April 1685	Son
Wara Dhamma	16 April 1685	20 June 1692	Brother
Mani Dhamma	20 June 1692	20 December 1694	Elder brother
Sanda Thuriya I	20 December 1694	4 August 1696	Brother
Nawrahta	4 August 1696	18 August 1696	Son
Mayuppiya	18 August 1696	13 May 1697	Usurper
Kalamandat	16 May 1697	5 June 1698	Usurper
Naradipati	5 June 1698	17 June 1700	Son of Sanda Thuriya
Sanda Wimala I	18 June 1700	30 March 1707	Grandson of Thado
Sanda Thuriya II	3 April 1707	September 1710	Grandson of Sanda Thudhamma
Interregnum ~2 months
Sanda Wizaya	November 1710	April 1731	Usurper
Sanda Thuriya III	April 1731	1734	Son-in-law
Naradipati II	1734	1735	Son
Narapawara	1735	September 1737	Usurper
Sanda Wizala	September 1737	25 March 1738	Cousin
Madarit	28 March 1738	6 February 1743	Brother
Nara Apaya	6 February 1743	28 October 1761	Uncle
Thirithu	28 October 1761	3 February 1762	Son
Sanda Parama	3 February 1762	1 May 1764	Brother
Apaya	1 May 1764	17 January 1774	Brother-in-law
Sanda Thumana	17 January 1774	5 May 1777	Brother-in-law
Sanda Wimala II	6 May 1777	5 June 1777	Usurper
Sanda Thaditha	5 June 1777	1 December 1782	Usurper
Maha Thammada	2 December 1782	2 January 1785	nephew in-law

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Min Hti was king of Launggyet Arakan from c. 1279 to 1373/74. He is best known for being the longest reigning monarch in history, although the exact length of his reign is unknown. He became the king at a young age after his father Min Bilu was assassinated by Sithabin I of Arakan. According to the Arakanese chronicles, he reigned for 106 years while one British colonial era scholar estimated it to be about 95 years. The Guinness Book of World Records, however, recognizes it as the longest "reputed" reign.

References

1 2 3 RRT Vol. 2 1999: 10
↑ Pan Hla 2005: 240

Bibliography

Harvey, G. E. (1925). History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
Pan Hla, Nai (1968). Razadarit Ayedawbon (in Burmese) (8th printing, 2005 ed.). Yangon: Armanthit Sarpay.
Phayre, Lt. Gen. Sir Arthur P. (1883). History of Burma (1967 ed.). London: Susil Gupta.
Royal Historical Commission of Burma (1832). Hmannan Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
Sandamala Linkara, Ashin (1931). Rakhine Yazawinthit Kyan (in Burmese). Vol. 1–2 (1997 ed.). Yangon: Tetlan Sarpay.

External sources

Charney, Michael W. (1999). 'Where Jambudipa and Islamdom Converged: Religious Change and the Emergence of Buddhist Communalism in Early Modern Arakan, 15th-19th Centuries.' PhD Dissertation, University of Michigan.
Charney, Michael W. (1993). 'Arakan, Min Yazagyi, and the Portuguese: The Relationship Between the Growth of Arakanese Imperial Power and Portuguese Mercenaries on the Fringe of Mainland Southeast Asia 1517-1617.' Masters dissertation, Ohio University.
Leider, Jacques P. (2004). 'Le Royaume d'Arakan, Birmanie. Son histoire politique entre le début du XVe et la fin du XVIIe siècle,' Paris, EFEO.

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[rrt-2-10-1] 1 2 3 RRT Vol. 2 1999: 10

[npl-240-2] Pan Hla 2005: 240

[1]

[2]

v t e Burmese monarchs
Pagan dynasty 849–1297	Pyinbya Tannet Sale Theinhko Nyaung-u Sawrahan Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu Kyiso Sokkate Anawrahta Saw Lu Kyansittha Sithu I Narathu Naratheinkha Sithu II Htilominlo Naratheinga Uzana ¹ Kyaswa Uzana Narathihapate Kyawswa ²
Myinsaing and Pinya Kingdoms 1297–1364	Athinkhaya ¹, Yazathingyan ¹ and Thihathu ¹ Thihathu Uzana I Sithu ¹ Kyawswa I Kyawswa II Narathu Uzana II
Sagaing Kingdom 1315–1364	Saw Yun Tarabya I Anawrahta I Kyaswa Anawrahta II Tarabya II Minbyauk Thihapate
Kingdom of Ava 1364–1555	Thado Minbya Swa Saw Ke Tarabya Minkhaung I Thihathu Min Hla Kale Kye-Taung Nyo Mohnyin Thado Minye Kyawswa I Narapati I Thihathura Minkhaung II and Thihathura II Narapati II Sawlon ³ and Thohanbwa ³ Hkonmaing ³ Narapati III ³ Narapati IV ³
Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1287–1539, 1550–1552	Wareru Hkun Law Saw O Saw Zein Zein Pun Saw E Binnya E Law Binnya U Maha Dewi ¹ Razadarit Binnya Dhammaraza Binnya Ran I Binnya Waru Binnya Kyan Leik Munhtaw Shin Sawbu Dhammazedi Binnya Ran II Takayutpi Smim Sawhtut ⁴ Smim Htaw ⁴
Mrauk U Kingdom 1429–1785	Saw Mon Khayi Ba Saw Phyu Dawlya Ba Saw Nyo Ran Aung Salingathu Raza Gazapati Saw O Thazata Minkhaung Min Bin Dikkha Saw Hla Sekkya Phalaung Razagyi Khamaung Thiri Thudhamma Sanay Narapati Thado Sanda Thudhamma Thiri Thuriya Wara Dhammaraza Muni Thudhammaraza Sanda Thuriya I Nawrahta Mayuppiya Kalamandat Naradipati Sanda Wimala I Sanda Thuriya II Sanda Wizaya Sanda Thuriya III Naradipati II Narapawara Sanda Wizala Madarit Nara Apaya Thirithu Sanda Parama Apaya Sanda Thumana Sanda Wimala II Sanda Thaditha Maha Thammada
Prome Kingdom 1482–1542	Thado Minsaw Bayin Htwe Narapati ⁵ Minkhaung ⁵
Toungoo dynasty 1510–1752	Mingyi Nyo Tabinshwehti Bayinnaung Nanda Nyaungyan Anaukpetlun Minye Deibba Thalun Pindale Pye Narawara Minye Kyawhtin Sanay Min Taninganway Min Mahadhammaraza Dipadi
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1740–1757	Smim Htaw Buddhaketi Binnya Dala
Konbaung dynasty 1752–1885	Alaungpaya Naungdawgyi Hsinbyushin Singu Phaungka Bodawpaya Bagyidaw Tharrawaddy Pagan Mindon Thibaw
¹ Regent or Co-Regent ² Mongol vassal (1297) ³ Confederation of Shan States (1527–55) ⁴ Brief revival (1550–52) ⁵ Vassal of the Confederation of Shan States (1532–42)