List of Durio species

Last updated September 10, 2024

Among the thirty known species of Durio , so far eleven species have been identified to produce edible fruits. However, there are many species for which the fruit has never been collected or properly described and it is likely that other species with edible fruit exist.^[1] The currently known nine species of edible durians are:

Name	Common name	Distribution	Description
Durio dulcis Becc.	durian marangang (or merangang), red durian, tutong, or lahong	Sabah and West Kalimantan, Borneo
Durio grandiflorus Kosterm. & Soegeng '	ghost durian, durian munjit, durian hantu hutan, Sukang	Borneo
Durio graveolens Becc.	Trako,^{[ citation needed ]} tabelak, durian burung, durian kuning, durian merah, durian otak udang galah, red-fleshed durian	Southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Palawan (Philippines)	It is a large tree up to 50 m (160 ft) tall. The husk of its fruit is orange-yellow, covered with pyramidal 1 cm (0.4 in) long spines. The fruit has sweet crimson-coloured flesh and a fragrance of roasted almonds. D. graveolens resembles D. dulcis but its fruit opens while it is still on the tree and has dark red flesh, whereas the fruit of D. dulcis drops unopened and has dark yellow flesh. Durian suluk, also known as durian siunggong, is a natural hybrid between D. zibethinus and D. graveolens, and retains the flavour and texture of D. zibethinus with subtle burnt caramel overtones of D. graveolens. Durian simpor is a mild-flavoured, yellow-fleshed variant of D. graveolens.^{[ citation needed ]}
Durio kinabaluensis Kosterm. & Soegeng	Mountain Durian	Crocker Range and Mount Kinabalu, Sabah
Durio kutejensis (Hassk.) Becc.	durian pulu, durian merah, nyekak, Pakan, Kuluk, or lai	Borneo
Durio lowianus Scort. ex King	durian duan, durian sepeh, durian au, Thurian-don	Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Thailand, and Sumatra	It is a large tree up to 50 metre tall, has red flowers and elongated. Its oval-shaped fruit contains yellow flesh.^{[ citation needed ]}
Durio macrantha Kosterm.		Mt. Leuser National Park, North Sumatra
Durio mansoni (Gamble) Bakh.	Tan duyin, Turimi	Thailand and Myanmar
Durio oxleyanus Griff.	durian sukang, durian beludu, isu or kerontangan	Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo	It is a fairly large tree up to 40 m (130 ft) tall. It produces small, round, greyish-green fruits with large, stiff, broadly pyramidal, slightly curved spines. The flesh is yellow, smooth-textured and sweet.^{[ citation needed ]}
Durio testudinarius Becc.	tortoise or kura-kura durian	Borneo	It is a medium-sized tree up to 25 m (82 ft) tall. Being a self-pollinated species, it is less variable, and has an extended flowering season. The flesh of its fruit is pale yellow and has a stronger aroma than other species of Durio.^{[ citation needed ]}
Durio wyatt-smithii Kosterm.		Peninsular Malaysia (Trengganu)
Durio zibethinus L.		Borneo and Sumatra

The other species, which haven't been identified to produce edible fruits are:

Name	Common name	Distribution	Description
Durio acutifolius (Mast.) Kosterm.	Tupaloh, durian burung, Durian anggang, Tuwola pupulu, durian lojang, Lai Kuju	Kalimantan and Sabah
Durio affinis Becc.	duan tajam	West Kalimantan and Sabah.
Durio beccarianus Kosterm. & Soegeng		Indonesian West Borneo, Upper Kapuas River
Durio bukitrayaensis Kosterm.		Borneo
Durio burmanicus Soegeng		Myanmar
Durio carinatus Mast.		Sumatra, Pahang, Johor, Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei
Durio ceylanicus Gardner	Ceylon durian	Sri Lanka
Durio crassipes Kosterm. & Soegeng		Tenom and Sipitang areas of Sabah.
Durio excelsus (Korth.) Bakh.	Apun; Durian daun; Begurah	Kalimantan
Durio gerikensis M.N.Faizal, Edward, Latiff & Hadrul		Peninsular Malaysia.
Durio griffithii (Mast.) Bakh.	Simartarutung	Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.
Durio lanceolatus (Mast.)	Bian, Dian perai, Durian, Durian anggang, Durian bengan, Durian burong,	Borneo
Durio lissocarpus Mast. :	Durian burung	Borneo
Durio macrolepis Kosterm.		Peninsular Malaysia.
Durio macrophyllus (King) Ridl.	tong, daun, batan, daun besar, pumkubm (Batak)	Peninsular Malaysia
Durio malaccensis Planch. ex Mast.	batang, tong Durian batang, durian bangko, durian bankolo	Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra.	It is normally white-flowered, but some D. malaccensis with reddish flowers have been discovered in Johor State, perhaps from cross-pollination by the pink or red-flowered D. lowianus and D. pinangianus.^[2]
Durio oblongus Mast.		Sarawak.
Durio pinangianus (Becc.) Ridl.	daun tajam, burung	Peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Penang).
Durio purpureus Kosterm. & Soegeng		West Kalimantan
Durio singaporensis Ridl.	durian daun, bujur	Peninsular Malaysia.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bombacaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

Bombacaceae were long recognised as a family of flowering plants or Angiospermae. The family name was based on the type genus Bombax. As is true for many botanical names, circumscription and status of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point of view, and currently the preference is to transfer most of the erstwhile family Bombacaceae to the subfamily Bombacoideae within the family Malvaceae in the order Malvales. The rest of the family were transferred to other taxa, notably the new family Durionaceae. Irrespective of current taxonomic status, many of the species originally included in the Bombacaceae are of considerable ecological, historical, horticultural, and economic importance, such as balsa, kapok, baobab and durian.

Durio is a genus of plants in the family Malvaceae. Several species produce an edible fruit known as durian, the most common species being Durio zibethinus. There are 30 recognized species in the genus Durio, but only nine produce edible fruit.

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Durio kutejensis, commonly known as durian pulu, durian merah, nyekak, Pakan, Kuluk, or lai, is a primary rainforest substorey fruit tree from Borneo.

Durio zibethinus is the most common tree species in the genus Durio that are known as durian and have edible fruit also known as durian.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Durian</span> Fruit with thorn-covered rind

The durian is the edible fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio. There are 30 recognized Durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. Durio zibethinus, native to Borneo and Sumatra, is the only species available on the international market. It has over 300 named varieties in Thailand and 100 in Malaysia as of 1987. Other species are sold in their local regions.

Durio graveolens, sometimes called the red-fleshed durian, orange-fleshed durian, or yellow durian, is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae. It is one of six species of durian named by Italian naturalist Odoardo Beccari. The specific epithet graveolens is due to the odor. Although most species of Durio have a strong scent, the red-fleshed type of D. graveolens has a mild scent. It is native to Southeast Asia.

Durio kinabaluensis, also known as mountain durian and (locally) as durian tapuloh, is a forest tree in the mallow family.

Durio lanceolatus is a tree in the family Malvaceae. It grows up to 55 metres (180 ft) tall.

Musang King is a Malaysian cultivar of durian. Prized for its unusual combination of bitter and sweet flavours, Musang King is the most popular variety of durian in both Malaysia and Singapore, where it is known as Mao Shan Wang and commands a price premium over other varieties. It is also increasingly popular in China, where it has been dubbed the "Hermes of durian".

Durio oxleyanus is a perennial plant species of tree in the family Malvaceae. It was once placed in the family Bombacaceae.

Durio crassipes, also known as durian hutan, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family that is endemic to Borneo.

References

↑ Brown, Michael J. (1997). Durio — A Bibliographic Review. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. ISBN 978-92-9043-318-7.
↑ Morton, J. F. (1987). Fruits of Warm Climates. Florida Flair Books. ISBN 978-0-9610184-1-2.

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[Brown-1] Brown, Michael J. (1997). Durio — A Bibliographic Review. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. ISBN 978-92-9043-318-7.

[Morton-2] Morton, J. F. (1987). Fruits of Warm Climates. Florida Flair Books. ISBN 978-0-9610184-1-2.

[1]

[2]

List of Durio species

See also

Related Research Articles

References