History of diplomatic relations
Relations between the Russian Empire and Mexico date back to the early nineteenth century, with visits from traders from Pacific Russia to settlements on the west coast of North America. Mexico was initially part of the Spanish Empire, when the province of Alta California, part of New Spain, was visited by Nikolai Rezanov aboard the Russian ship Juno in March 1806. [2] Russian trade and settlement began in the area, with the Russian-American Company establishing and operating Fort Ross, in what is now the state of California, in 1812. Following the Mexican War of Independence, negotiations on relations took place in London in the 1820s, and in Brussels in the mid-1880s. The first Russian ambassador to Mexico, Roman Rosen, was appointed on 11 December 1890. [2] A bilateral agreement on trade and navigation was signed in 1909, but the upheaval of the Mexican Revolution, beginning in 1910, the First World War from 1914, and the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia, disrupted relations. [2] Representation from Russia had been by chargé d'affaires from October 1914, with the exchange of ambassadors ending in 1917. Consular affairs remained active however, with Mexico operating consulates in Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Helsinki and Riga, and Russia having consulates in Mexico City, Veracruz, Monterrey and Guadalajara. [2]
Following the establishment of a left wing government after the end of the Mexican Revolution in 1920, and the formation of the Soviet Union in 1922, Mexico became the first country in the Americas to establish diplomatic relations with the Soviet government, in 1924. [2] Bolshevik revolutionary and party leader Stanisław Pestkowski was appointed as the first ambassador in 1924. He was succeeded by Alexandra Kollontai in 1926. [3] Mexican socialist thought began to substantially diverge from the ideology of the Soviet Union, and in 1930, diplomatic relations were broken off. In 1942, Mexico joined the Second World War on the side of the Allies, thus becoming an ally of the Soviet Union. The embassy was reopened that year, and a new ambassador was appointed. [2] [4] Ambassadors were thereafter exchanged between the two countries up until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Mexico recognised the Russian Federation as the successor to the Soviet Union, with Soviet ambassador Oleg Darusenkov [ ru ] continuing in post until 1994. Ambassadors have since then continued to be exchanged. [2] [5]
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