List of composers in the Mannheim school

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The Mannheim Palace, c. 1725 Schloss Mannheim 1725 v J C Froimon.jpg
The Mannheim Palace, c. 1725

The Mannheim school of composers was one of the most prominent musical groups of the 18th century. With a revolutionary court orchestra created by the Elector Palatinate of Mannheim, the Mannheim court inspired many famous musicians such as Haydn and Mozart. This is a list of composers usually associated with the Mannheim school.

Contents

List

First generation (born 1700–1730)

NameYear bornYear diedWorks/commentsPortrait
Carlo Grua [1] 170017732 surviving operas and sacred works, including many oratorios. He is best known for his position as Kapellmeister of the Mannheim orchestra.
Franz Xaver Richter [2] 1709178980 extant symphonies, several concertos for soloist and orchestra, and 39 masses. He was the prime sacred music composer of his time.
Franz Xaver Richter Franz Xaver Richter.jpg
Franz Xaver Richter
Ignaz Holzbauer [2] 17111783196 symphonies. He was a prime exponent of the Sturm und Drang style.
Johann Stamitz 1717175758 symphonies, 10 orchestral trios (symphonies for string orchestra), many concertos, most famously his one for clarinet, and 8 vocal works. He was the first to expand the symphony's instrumentation and longevity. For this, he is known as being a founding father of the school.
Johann Stamitz Jan Vaclav Stamic (1717-1757).jpg
Johann Stamitz
Johann Baptist Wendling [2] 1723179714 flute concertos, 30 trios for flute, violin, and cello, 36 flute duets, and other works relating to the flute. He was one of the greatest flute virtuosos.

Second generation (born after 1730)

NameYear bornYear diedWorks/commentsPortrait
Christian Cannabich 1731179876 symphonies, 30 sonatas for violin and piano, and several concertos and trios. He is known for being Stamitz's successor and bringing the Mannheim orchestra to its zenith. He was a friend of Mozart and directly influenced the symphonies of Haydn and Leopold Hofmann.
Christian Cannabich Egid Verhelst - Portrait of Christian Cannabich.jpg
Christian Cannabich
Anton Fils [2] 1733176034 surviving symphonies and several concertos, mostly for cello and flute. He, although very overshadowed today, was an eminent cellist and composer in the Mannheim court.
Franz Ignaz Beck [2] 1734180924 symphonies, a few operas, and miscellaneous pieces for keyboard. He spent most of his time in France, apparently after a duel which caused him to leave Mannheim.
Franz Ignaz Beck Franz-Beck-1795.jpg
Franz Ignaz Beck
Ignaz Fränzl [3] 173618112 symphonies, 6 violin concertos, and several string quartets. He was heavily praised by Mozart, mostly for his violin technique.
Ignaz Franzl Hoffnas Ignaz Franzl.jpg
Ignaz Fränzl
Carl Stamitz [2] 1745180150 symphonies, 38 surviving sinfonia concertante, and more than 60 concertos for various instruments. He, along with Cannabich, was a stand-out representative of the Mannheim school.
Carl Stamitz Karl Stamitz.jpg
Carl Stamitz
Wilhelm Cramer [2] 174617996 violin concertos and 23 violin sonatas, distributed in various opus numbers. He was the father of the more famous Johann Baptist Cramer, a virtuosic English pianist.
Wilhelm Cramer Wilhelm Cramer.jpg
Wilhelm Cramer
Georg Joseph Vogler [2] 174918148 surviving masses, 4 string quartets, and a few operas. He also received patronage from Gustav III of Sweden and Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse. His travels extended as far as remote areas of Asia and Africa, and even Greenland.
Georg Joseph Vogler Abbe Vogler.jpg
Georg Joseph Vogler
Anton Stamitz 1750180915 symphonies distributed in four opus numbers and concertos for violin, flute, and viola d'amore. He, although not as well known as his father and brother, participated in the development of the Mannheim orchestra and was the violin teacher of Rodolphe Kreutzer.
Ludwig August Lebrun [2] 175217906 oboe concertos, a concerto for clarinet, and other woodwind pieces. He was a celebrated oboe virtuoso and toured extensively across Europe.
Peter Winter [2] 1754182530 operas. He is regarded as a bridge between Mozart and Weber in the history of German opera.
Peter Winter Peter Winter 1815.jpg
Peter Winter
Francesca Lebrun [2] 1756179112 keyboard sonatas with violin accompaniment. She is more known as a soprano and had many relationships with other Mannheim musicians, such as L. A. Lebrun (her husband) and Franz Danzi (her brother).
Francesca Lebrun Franziska Lebrun-Danzi.jpg
Francesca Lebrun
Franz Tausch 176218172 clarinet concertos and 2 double clarinet concertos. He was the teacher of Heinrich Baermann.
Franz Danzi [2] 176318269 woodwind quintets in 3 opus numbers, 2 horn sonatas, and concertos for many instruments. He knew Mozart in his youth, studied with Vogler, was a contemporary of Beethoven, and a tutor to the young Weber. He was a key figure in the transition between the Classical era and the Romantic era.
Franz Danzi Franz Danzi.JPG
Franz Danzi

References

  1. "The Mannheim School". blog.der-leiermann.com. 3 September 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "The Mannheim School". neuemannheimerorchester.de.
  3. "1743–1778 Mannheim School – Kurpfälzer Mile of Innovations". meile-der-innovationen.de.