This is a list of equipment used by the Turkmen Ground Forces.
Photo | Model | Type | Caliber | Origin | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infantry small arms | ||||||
Makarov PM | Semi-automatic pistol | 9x18mm Makarov | Soviet Union | |||
Beretta Px4 Storm [1] | Semi-automatic pistol | 9x19mm Parabellum | Italy | |||
AK-47 | Assault rifle | 7.62x39mm | Soviet Union | |||
AKM AKMS | Assault rifle | 7.62x39mm | Soviet Union | |||
AK-74 AKS-74 | Assault rifle | 5.45x39mm | Soviet Union Russia | Standard issue but being replaced by the Beretta ARX160 [2] | ||
Beretta ARX160 | Assault rifle | 5.56x45mm NATO | Italy | Standard issue [3] | ||
Dragunov SVD | Designated marksman rifle | 7.62x54mmR | Soviet Union | |||
RPK RPK-74 | Light machine gun | 7.62x39mm 5.45x39 | Soviet Union | |||
PK | Light machine gun | 7.62x54mmR | Soviet Union | |||
NSV | Heavy machine gun | 12.7x108mm | Soviet Union Russia | |||
DShK | Heavy machine gun | 12.7x108mm | Soviet Union Russia | |||
Kord | Heavy machine gun | 12.7x108mm | Soviet Union Russia | |||
Anti-tank weaponry | ||||||
RPG-7 | Anti-tank grenade launcher | 40mm | Soviet Union | |||
RPG-18 | Rocket propelled grenade | 64mm | Soviet Union | |||
RPG-22 | Rocket propelled grenade | 73mm | Soviet Union | |||
SPG-9 | Recoilless rifle | 73mm | Soviet Union | |||
9M14 Malyutka [4] | Manual command to line of sight guided missile | 125mm | Soviet Union | |||
9K111 Fagot [4] | Semi-automatic command to line of sight guided missile | 120mm | Soviet Union | |||
9M113 Konkurs [4] | Semi-automatic command to line of sight guided missile | 135mm | Soviet Union | |||
9K115 Metis [4] | Semi-automatic command to line of sight guided missile | 94mm | Soviet Union Russia | |||
Photo | Model | Type | Origin | Number | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tanks | ||||||
T-90S | Main battle tank | Russia | 10 [4] | 30 on order. [5] | ||
T-72UMG | Main battle tank | Soviet Union Ukraine | 670 [4] | |||
Infantry fighting vehicles | ||||||
BMP-1 BMP-1M | Infantry fighting vehicle | Soviet Union Ukraine | 600 [4] | |||
BMP-2 | Infantry fighting vehicle | Soviet Union | 430 [4] | |||
BMP-3 | Infantry fighting vehicle | Russia | 4 [4] | |||
BMD-1 | Airborne infantry fighting vehicle | Soviet Union | 8 [4] | |||
Armored personnel carriers | ||||||
Lazar 3 | Armoured personnel carrier | Serbia | Already 2 armored vehicles have been delivered | About 24 vehicles ordered. Deliveries will start in 2021. [6] | ||
BTR-60 | Armored personnel carrier | Soviet Union | 120 [4] | Different versions in service.[ citation needed ] | ||
BTR-70 | Armored personnel carrier | Soviet Union | 300 [4] | |||
BTR-80 BTR-80A | Armored personnel carrier | Soviet Union Russia | 454 [4] | |||
Bars | Armored personnel carrier | Belarus | Unknown | |||
BMC Kirpi | Infantry mobility vehicle | Turkey | 28+ [4] | |||
Kamaz Typhoon | Infantry mobility vehicle | Russia | Unknown | Seen during parade. [7] | ||
Otokar Cobra | Infantry mobility vehicle | Turkey | 4+ [4] | |||
Nimr Ajban 440A | Infantry mobility vehicle | United Arab Emirates | 10 [4] | |||
Anti-tank vehicles | ||||||
9P122 | Anti-tank guided missile carrier | Soviet Union | 8 [4] | Armed with Malyutka-M missile.[ citation needed ] | ||
9P133 | Anti-tank guided missile carrier | Soviet Union | 8 [4] | Armed with 9M14 Malyutka missile.[ citation needed ] | ||
9P148 | Anti-tank guided missile carrier | Soviet Union | 2 [4] | Armed with 9M113 Konkurs missile.[ citation needed ] | ||
9P149 | Anti-tank guided missile carrier | Soviet Union | 36 [4] | Armed with 9K114 Shturm missile.[ citation needed ] | ||
Karkal | Anti-tank guided missile carrier | Belarus Ukraine | 4+ [4] | Armed with Baryer missile.[ citation needed ] |
Photo | Model | Type | Origin | Number | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rocket artillery | ||||||
BM-21 Grad 9P138 | 122mm multiple rocket launcher | Soviet Union Belarus | 88 [4] | Range: 20–45 km[ citation needed ] | ||
RM-70 | 122mm multiple rocket launcher | Czechoslovakia / Czech Republic | 6 [4] | Range: 20 km[ citation needed ] | ||
BM-27 Uragan | 220mm multiple rocket launcher | Soviet Union | 60 [4] | Range: 35–50 km[ citation needed ] | ||
BM-30 Smerch | 300mm multiple rocket launcher | Soviet Union / Russia | 6 [4] | Range: 90 km[ citation needed ] | ||
Self-propelled guns | ||||||
2S3 Akatsiya | 152mm self-propelled howitzer | Soviet Union | 16 [4] | |||
2S1 Gvozdika | 122mm self-propelled howitzer | Soviet Union | 40 [4] | |||
2S9 Nona | 120mm self-propelled mortar | Soviet Union | 17 [4] | |||
Towed artillery | ||||||
D-30 | 122mm howitzer | Soviet Union | 350 [4] | |||
M-46 | 130mm field gun | Soviet Union | 6 [4] | |||
D-1 | 152mm howitzer | Soviet Union | 17 [4] | |||
D-20 | 152mm howitzer | Soviet Union | 72 [4] | |||
2A36 Giatsint-B | 152mm howitzer | Soviet Union | 6 [4] | |||
2A65 Msta-B | 152mm howitzer | Soviet Union | 6 [4] | |||
M1938 | 120mm mortar | Soviet Union | 66 [4] | |||
2B14 Podnos | 82mm mortar | Soviet Union | 31 [4] | |||
Photo | Model | Type | Number | Origin | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Man-portable air-defense systems | |||||
9K32 Strela-2 [4] | Man-portable air-defense system | Unknown | Soviet Union | ||
9K34 Strela-3 [4] | Man-portable air-defense system | Unknown | Soviet Union | ||
9K38 Igla [4] | Man-portable air-defense system | Unknown | Soviet Union Russia | ||
Self-propelled surface-to-air missiles | |||||
9K35 Strela-10 | Mobile surface-to-air missile | 13 [4] | Soviet Union | ||
9K33 Osa | Mobile surface-to-air missile | 40 [4] | Soviet Union | ||
2K12 Kub [4] | Mobile surface-to-air missile | 4 | Soviet Union | ||
FM-90 [4] | Mobile surface-to-air missile | Unknown | People's Republic of China | ||
Anti-air guns | |||||
ZSU-23-4 Shilka | Self-propelled anti-air gun | 48 [4] | Soviet Union | ||
AZP S-60 | Anti-air gun | 22 [4] | Soviet Union | ||
ZU-23-2 [4] | Anti-air gun | Unknown | Soviet Union |
Name | Origin | Photo | In Service | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Surveillance unmanned aerial vehicles | ||||
Aeronautics Defense Orbiter 2B | Israel | N/A | [8] [9] | |
Elbit Skylark | Used in conjunction with a ground-based rapid mine laying system. [8] [9] | |||
Selex ES Falco XN | Italy | In service since 2011. [10] [9] | ||
Busel M ''Asuda Asman (Calm Sky)'' | Belarus / Turkmenistan | |||
In service since 2015. [10] [9] | ||||
Busel M40 ''Asuda Asman (Calm Sky)'' | License-produced in Turkmenistan. [10] [9] | |||
Boeing Insitu ScanEagle 2 | United States | In service since 2022. [11] [9] | ||
ZALA 421-04М | Russia | In service since 2009. [12] Documented by a few sources, not yet seen. [12] [9] | ||
Unmanned combat aerial vehicles | ||||
CASC Rainbow CH-3A | People's Republic of China | N/A | In service since 2011 (armed with AR-1 [10 km range] air-to-ground missiles). [11] [9] | |
WJ-600A/D | In service since 2016 (armed with CM-502 kg [20 km+ range] air-to-ground missiles). [11] [9] | |||
Bayraktar TB2 | Turkey | In service since 2021 (armed with MAM-C and MAM-L [15+km range] precision-guided munitions). [9] | ||
Busel MB2 | Belarus / Turkmenistan | Armed with F1 grenades and PTAB-2.5 and PFAB-05 small bombs. License-produced in Turkmenistan. [10] [9] | ||
Loitering munitions | ||||
SkyStriker | Israel | N/A | In service since 2021. [8] [9] | |
Busel MB1 | Belarus | Documented by a few sources, not yet seen. [10] [9] | ||
Vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicles | ||||
DJI Phantom 4 | People's Republic of China | N/A | [11] [9] | |
MD4-1000 | Germany | [9] | ||
Target drones | ||||
La-17 | Soviet Union | In service since 1991. [12] Believed to have been decommissioned. [12] [9] | ||
ASN-9 ''Ba-9'' | People's Republic of China | In service since 2016. [11] [9] | ||
S300 |
The Demographics of Turkmenistan is about the demographic features of the population of Turkmenistan, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The ethnic majority in Turkmenistan call themselves Turkmen.
Ashgabat or Asgabat, formerly named Poltoratsk between 1919 and 1927, is the capital and the largest city of Turkmenistan. It lies between the Karakum Desert and the Kopetdag mountain range in Central Asia, near the Iran-Turkmenistan border, and it has a population of 1,030,063.
Türkmenbaşy, formerly known as Krasnovodsk, Kyzyl-Su, and Shagadam, is a city in Balkan Province in Turkmenistan, on the Türkmenbaşy Gulf of the Caspian Sea. It sits at an elevation of 27 metres. The population was 86,800, mostly ethnic Turkmens but also Russian, Armenian and Azeri minorities. As the terminus of the Trans-Caspian Railway and site of a major seaport on the Caspian, it is an important transportation center. The city is also the site of Turkmenistan's largest oil refining complex.
The People's Council of Turkmenistan is Turkmenistan's independent "representative body" exerting supreme constitutional authority. It includes in its membership, but is not considered part of, the legislature. Among other things, it is empowered to amend the constitution. Its chairperson is appointed by the president and is designated the "National Leader". State media referred to the People's Council as the "supreme organ of government authority". From 2018 to 2023 it was the upper chamber of Turkmenistan's Parliament, the "National Council".
The Assembly is since January 2023 the unicameral legislature of Turkmenistan. Between March 2021 and 21 January 2023 it was the lower house of the National Council of Turkmenistan. It has 125 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies.
Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow, also known as Arkadag, is a Turkmen politician who is currently the chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan. He previously served as the 2nd President of Turkmenistan from 2006 to 2022, when he entered into a power-sharing arrangement with his son, Serdar, the current president.
The State Security Council of Turkmenistan is an important decision-making body in the field of the defence of Turkmenistan. It is the highest decision-making body in the armed forces next to the Ministry of Defense and the General Staff, with its members directly advising the President of Turkmenistan on matters of national security.
The Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan is a state body in Turkmenistan founded in 1951, which is responsible for the implementation of Turkmen scientific and technical policy. The academy was closed under president Saparmurat Niyazov and reopened by his successor, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow.
Ahal Änew Football Club, or simply Ahal FC, is a Turkmen professional football club based in the Änew, Ahal Province. Founded in 1989, the club played its first-ever top flight season in 1992. The club plays its home matches at the 20,000 seater Ashgabat Stadium.
Yagshygeldi Ilyasovich Kakayev was a Turkmen politician and energy executive. He was a Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan from 2012 to 2013 and from 2015 to 2017. In 2010, he served as acting Deputy Chairman. His career in government was primarily focused on oil and gas matters. From 2007 to 2016, he was the Director of the State Agency for Management of Hydrocarbons.
Institute of Telecommunications and Informatics of Turkmenistan is the largest institution of higher education in Turkmenistan, located in the capital of Ashgabat. Founded in 1992, prepares professionals and higher vocational education for railway transport and other sectors of the economy. Its rector was Nurnepes Annaevich Kuliev, until the university was abolished.
The Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan is the chief executive body in Turkmenistan. The Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan is appointed by the President of Turkmenistan who is both the chief of state and head of government. In addition to holding specific portfolios in most cases, six deputy chairpersons of the Cabinet of Ministers may also be assigned responsibility for oversight of a province of Turkmenistan or of the capital city.
The Turkmen Independence Day Parade is one of the main events celebrating the Independence of Turkmenistan from the Soviet Union in 1991. Independence Day is the main holiday of Turkmenistan. The parade is held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan every year and is the largest and most frequent military parade in Central Asia.
Major General Ýaýlym Ýagmyrowiç Berdiýew is a Turkmen general and politician who has served as the minister of national security and as the secretary of the State Security Council of Turkmenistan. He previously also served as the minister of defense of Turkmenistan from 2015 to 2018.
Serdar Gurbangulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow is a Turkmen politician serving as the third and current president of Turkmenistan since 19 March 2022. Berdimuhamedow had previously served in several other positions within the government of his father, Gurbanguly.
The State Border Service (SBS) (Turkmen: Döwlet Serhet Gullugy, DSG) also commonly known by its paramilitary force as the Turkmen Border Troops (Türkmenistan Serhet Garawul) is a border guard agency of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan. It is currently a public service department of the government of the country and is under the command of the Ministry for National Security of Turkmenistan.
Lieutenant General Begenç Ataýewiç Gündogdyýew is a Turkmen military officer and politician who currently serves as the 10th minister of defence of Turkmenistan under President Serdar Berdimuhamedow. He previously served in this same position from 2011 to 2015, succeeding Ýaýlym Berdiýew.
Turkmenistan is the only remaining sovereign country in the world that has not reported any cases of COVID-19. There were no confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Turkmenistan, with the totalitarian government being proactive in censoring relevant information. It is however suspected to have spread in the country unreported; specifics are difficult to ascertain and confirm in absence of independent media.
Isgender Handurdiyevich Mulikov is a Turkmen politician who was Minister of Internal Affairs from 2009 to 2019.
Arkadag is a city in southern Turkmenistan. It became the regional capital of Ahal Province effective 20 December 2022. It is a largely greenfield development started in 2019 with an initial budget of $1.5 billion. The city was named in honor of former President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov, whose official nickname is Arkadag. Uniquely among Turkmen cities, Arkadag is by law designated a "city of state importance".