List of sugar mills in Queensland

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Sign warning about cane trains, 2016 Give way to cane trains!.jpg
Sign warning about cane trains, 2016

The sugar industry is an important industry in Australia. In 2024, it was valued at $2.5 billion per annum. Requiring a hot climate and plenty of water, sugarcane is predominantly grown in Queensland with some in northern New South Wales. Sugar is the second largest agricultural export from Queensland. [1] Over 4000 sugar cane farms produce 32-35 million tonnes of sugar cane each year, from which 4-4.5 million tonnes of raw sugar is extracted at sugarcane mills. At 2011, there were 24 sugar mills in Australia, ranging from Mossman in Queensland to Grafton in New South Wales. Mackay Region is known for its five locally owned mills. Altogether they produce enough sugar to support Central Queensland and Northern Queensland. They range from Racecourse Sugar Mill, Farleigh Mill, Marian Mill, Proserpine Mill and Sarina Sugar Shed. [2] Queensland's first industrial-scale sugar plantation commenced in Moreton Bay in 1864. [3]

Contents

List of operating sugar mills in Queensland

This is a list of the sugar cane mills in Queensland, ordered from north to south.

Sugar mills in Queensland
PhotoNameLocationLocal government areaCrush capacity
[million tonnes cane per year]		NotesCoordinates
Gordonvale Sugar Mill.jpg Mulgrave Sugar Mill Gordonvale Cairns Region 1.2 [4] Mulgrave Sugar Mill commenced operations in 1896. It is operated by MSF Sugar, a subsidiary of the Mitr Phol Group. [5] [6] 17°05′34″S145°47′20″E / 17.0929°S 145.7889°E / -17.0929; 145.7889 (Mulgrave Sugar Mill)
Tableland Sugar Mill, 2016.jpg Tableland Sugar Mill Arriga Shire of Mareeba 0.6 [4] The mill is the newest in Australia having been opened in 1998 by Bundaberg Sugar. It is currently operated by MSF Sugar, a subsidiary of the Mitr Phol Group. [5] [6] 17°07′11″S145°20′43″E / 17.1197°S 145.3453°E / -17.1197; 145.3453 (Tableland Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 2 258885 Sugar mill at South Johnstone, near Innisfail, 1930.jpg South Johnstone Sugar Mill South Johnstone Cassowary Coast Region 1.8 [7] Operated by MSF Sugar, a subsidiary of the Mitr Phol Group. [5] 17°36′21″S145°59′27″E / 17.6057°S 145.9909°E / -17.6057; 145.9909 (South Johnstone Sugar Mill)
Tully Sugar Mill.jpg Tully Sugar Mill Tully Cassowary Coast Region 2.5Operated by Tully Sugar, a subsidiary of China Foods Limited. [8] 17°56′13″S145°55′36″E / 17.9370°S 145.9267°E / -17.9370; 145.9267 (Tully Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 1 235374 Mill house on the Macnade Sugar Plantation, Ingham, ca. 1881.jpg Macknade Sugar Mill Macknade Shire of Hinchinbrook 1.82 [9] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. The Macknade mill crushes an average of 1.5 million tonnes of sugarcane a year, to manufacture about 191,000 tonnes of raw sugar. [10] 18°35′18″S146°15′32″E / 18.5883°S 146.2589°E / -18.5883; 146.2589 (Macnade Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 1 203692 Victoria Sugar Mill near Ingham, Queensland, ca. 1915.jpg Victoria Sugar Mill Victoria Plantation Shire of Hinchinbrook 3.74 [9] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. The factory crushes an average of three million tonnes of sugarcane a year to manufacture about 400,000 tonnes of raw sugar, making it the largest mill in Australia. It is located about 3km east of Ingham. [10] 18°39′01″S146°12′08″E / 18.6504°S 146.2023°E / -18.6504; 146.2023 (Victoria Sugar Mill)
Invictamill.JPG Invicta Sugar Mill Giru Shire of Burdekin 3.67 [9] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. The Invicta Sugar Mill produced 440,000 tonnes of raw sugar from about 3 Mt sugar cane in 2022. [10] It was located near the Kolan River in Bucca in the Bundaberg Region but was relocated to Giru in 1919 with the same name. [11] [12] 19°31′01″S147°06′21″E / 19.5169°S 147.1058°E / -19.5169; 147.1058 (Invicta Sugar Mill)
Kalamia Sugar Mill, 1901.JPG Kalamia Sugar Mill Brandon Shire of Burdekin 1.5 [13] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. The Kalamia Sugar Mill produced 230,000 tonnes of raw sugar from about 1.5 Mt sugar cane in 2022. [10] 19°31′28″S147°24′59″E / 19.5244°S 147.4163°E / -19.5244; 147.4163 (Kalamoa Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 1 13930 Pioneer Sugar Mill at Mackay, 1880s.jpg Pioneer Sugar Mill Brandon Shire of Burdekin 2.16 [9] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. The Pioneer Sugar Mill produced 260,000 tonnes of raw sugar from about 1.7 Mt sugar cane in 2022. [10] 19°33′29″S147°19′52″E / 19.5581°S 147.3310°E / -19.5581; 147.3310 (Pioneer Sugar Mill)
Inkerman mill.jpg Inkerman Sugar Mill Home Hill Shire of Burdekin 2.07 [9] [14] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. Maximum output 2.07 million tonnes in 2011. [9] In 2022, the Inkerman Sugar Mill produced 260,000 tonnes of raw sugar from about 1.7 Mt sugar cane. [10] 19°38′38″S147°24′03″E / 19.6438°S 147.4007°E / -19.6438; 147.4007 (Inkerman Sugar Mill)
Proserpine-Sugar-Mill-1196.jpg Proserpine Sugar Mill Proserpine Whitsunday Region 2.13 [9] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. The mill crushes an average of 1.7 million tonnes of sugarcane a year, to manufacture about 240,000 tonnes of sugar. [10] 20°23′55″S148°34′49″E / 20.3986°S 148.5802°E / -20.3986; 148.5802 (Proserpine Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 1 236801 Farleigh Sugar Mill, Mackay, ca. 1895.jpg Farleigh Sugar Mill Farleigh Mackay Region 1.7 [15] Owned by Mackay Sugar Limited (MSL). 21°05′59″S149°06′01″E / 21.0996°S 149.1004°E / -21.0996; 149.1004 (Fairleigh Sugar Mill)
Pioneer River at the Marian Sugar Mill in the Mackay district, circa 1915.JPG Marian Sugar Mill Marian Mackay Region 2.60 [15] Owned by Mackay Sugar Limited (MSL). 21°08′42″S148°56′19″E / 21.1449°S 148.9385°E / -21.1449; 148.9385 (Marian Sugar Mill)
Racecourse Sugar Mill, 1910.JPG Racecourse Sugar Mill Racecourse Mackay Region 1.70 [15] Owned by Mackay Sugar Limited (MSL). Sugar refining for MSL is mainly done at the Racecourse location, where MSL operates a refinery together with a partner. It produces about 400,000 tonnes of refined white sugar annually sold under the CSR label. [16] 21°09′50″S149°08′05″E / 21.1640°S 149.1348°E / -21.1640; 149.1348 (Racecourse Sugar Mill)
Plane Creek Sugar Mill, Sarina, 2016 01.jpg Plane Creek Sugar Mill Sarina Mackay Region 1.76 [9] Operated by Wilmar Sugar Australia. It crushes an average of 1.2 million tonnes of sugarcane a year, to manufacture about 180,000 tonnes of raw sugar. [10] 21°25′40″S149°12′57″E / 21.4278°S 149.2159°E / -21.4278; 149.2159 (Plane Creek Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 1 395165 Millaquin Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, ca. 1900.jpg Millaquin Sugar Mill Bundaberg North Bundaberg Region 1.1 [17] Operated by Bundaberg Sugar. [18] Millaquin Mill has an annual crushing capacity of 1.1 million tonnes of cane and produces more than 175,000 tonnes of raw sugar per crushing season. [17] 24°51′33″S152°21′10″E / 24.8591°S 152.3528°E / -24.8591; 152.3528 (Millaquin sugar mill)
Queensland State Archives 2207 Isis Central Sugar Mill with cane and canetrucks 17 September 1896.png Isis Central Sugar Mill Isis Central Bundaberg Region 1.5 [19] The mill commenced operation in 1879 and remains a locally owned company. [20] [21] The Mill processes 1,505,400 tonnes of cane for the production of 223,874 tonnes of raw sugar. [19] 25°11′43″S152°12′32″E / 25.1954°S 152.2088°E / -25.1954; 152.2088 (Isis Central Sugar Mill)
Rocky Point Sugar Mill, Woongoolba and Steiglitz, 2014.JPG Rocky Point Sugar Mill Steiglitz & Woongoolba City of Gold Coast 0.435Established in 1879, Rocky Point Mill is the only privately owned mill in Australia, operated by the Heck family over 5 generations. [22] [23] 27°44′07″S153°19′36″E / 27.7352°S 153.3267°E / -27.7352; 153.3267 (Rocky Point Sugar Mill)

The sugar mills in northern New South Wales are located in Broadwater, Condong, and Harwood Island. [24]

Former sugar mills in Queensland

Poor roads and limited transport options meant that there were once many local sugar mills in Queensland. With improved transport options, many of these smaller mills closed and only the larger more economic mills remain. This list is likely to be incomplete as many mills were small and operated only for a short period leaving few records. They are ordered from north to south, although in some cases the location is not known very accurately.

Former sugar mills in Queensland
NameLocationLocal government areaCrush capacity
[million tonnes cane per year]		NotesCoordinates

(may be approximate)


StateLibQld 2 129087 Mossman Sugar Mill, Queensland, 1920s.jpg Mossman Central Mill Mossman Shire of Douglas 0.85 [25] Operated by Far Northern Milling. The Mossman central mill crushed about 640,000 tonnes of cane in 2022. [4] 16°27′31″S145°22′42″E / 16.4586°S 145.3782°E / -16.4586; 145.3782 (Mossman Central Mill)
Maryborough Sugar Mill, 1934.JPG Maryborough Sugar Mill Maryborough Fraser Coast Region 0.8 [5] Operated by MSF Sugar, a subsidiary of the Mitr Phol Group. The mill crushes 0.7-0.8 million tonnes per year. [26] 25°32′52″S152°43′02″E / 25.5479°S 152.7172°E / -25.5479; 152.7172 (Maryborough Sugar Mill)
Pleystowe Sugar Mill outside Mackay, circa 1880.JPG Pleystowe Sugar Mill Pleystowe Mackay Region No longer operational as a mill but used by Mackay Sugar for shared services in support of its other mills. [27] 21°08′35″S149°02′21″E / 21.1430°S 149.0392°E / -21.1430; 149.0392 (Pleystowe Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 2 236981 Bingera Sugar Mill in the Bundaberg region.jpg Bingera Sugar Mill South Kolan Bundaberg Region Operated by Bundaberg Sugar [18] 24°55′44″S152°11′59″E / 24.9290°S 152.1998°E / -24.9290; 152.1998 (Bingera sugar mill)
View of the Bloomfield River Sugar Company Mill, circa 1887.jpg Bloomfield River Sugar Millnear Ayton Shire of Cook crushed 1884–1889 [28] [29] 15°52′52″S145°20′20″E / 15.881°S 145.339°E / -15.881; 145.339 (Bloomfield River Sugar Mill)

(approx)

Hop Wah Pioneer Sugar MillMulgrave Road, Woree [30] Cairns Region First sugar mill in North Queensland, opened in August 1881, and initially owned and operated by the Hop Wah Company of Chinese investors and managed by Andrew Leon [31]
Queensland State Archives 1221 Hambledon Sugar Mill near Cairns c 1935.png Hambledon Sugar MillMill Road, Edmonton Cairns Region 1883–1991 [32] 17°01′16″S145°44′02″E / 17.021°S 145.734°E / -17.021; 145.734 (Hambledon Sugar Mill)

(approx)

Babinda Sugar Mill, aerial view, circa 1964.jpg Babinda Central Sugar Mill Babinda Cairns Region 1915–2011 [33] 17°20′24″S145°55′30″E / 17.340°S 145.925°E / -17.340; 145.925
StateLibQld 2 258841 Goondi Sugar Mill, near Innisfail, 1930.jpg Goondi Sugar Mill Goondi Cassowary Coast Region Opened in 1883, probably located at the end of Goondi Mill Road near the Johnstone River. Closed in 1987 after being taken over by Bundaberg Sugar. [34] 17°30′32″S146°00′07″E / 17.5089°S 146.0020°E / -17.5089; 146.0020 (Goondi Sugar Mill) (approx)
Mourilyan mill destruction.jpg Mourilyan Sugar MillMill Street, Mourilyan Cassowary Coast Region Opened in 1883, it operated until it was damaged in Cyclone Larry in March 2006 (see photo). After the cyclone it operated intermittently and closed permanently later in 2006. [35] 17°34′48″S146°02′01″E / 17.5799°S 146.0336°E / -17.5799; 146.0336 (Mourilyan Sugar Mill)
StateLibQld 1 159778 Gairloch Sugar Mill, Ingham, Queensland, ca. 1881.jpg Gairloch Sugar Mill Ingham Shire of Hinchinbrook
StateLibQld 1 107756 Interior of the Hamleigh Sugar Mill, Ingham, Queensland, ca.1888.jpg Hamleigh Sugar Mill Ingham Shire of Hinchinbrook
Ripple Creek Sugar Mill Macknade Shire of Hinchinbrook [36]
StateLibQld 1 204076 Macknade Mill, Ingham, Queensland, ca. 1930.jpg Macknade Sugar Mill Ingham Shire of Hinchinbrook
Habana Sugar Mill, 1895.tiff Habana Sugar Mill Habana Mackay Region The Habana mill operated from 1883 to 1901. [37] [38] 21°02′30″S149°06′40″E / 21.0417°S 149.1111°E / -21.0417; 149.1111 (Habana Sugar Mill) (approx)
StateLibQld 2 161084 Richmond sugar mill at Mackay in 1895.jpg Richmond Sugar Mill Richmond Mackay Region 1881–1895 [39] 21°04′54″S149°08′45″E / 21.0816°S 149.1458°E / -21.0816; 149.1458 (Richmond Sugar Mill)
North Eton Sugar Mill, circa 1912.jpg North Eton Sugar MillMill Street, North Eton Mackay Region Originally known as the Defiance, the North Eton Central Mill commenced crushing sugarcane in 1888. [40] It was the first sugar mill sponsored by the Queensland Government. In 1989, a number of sugar mills in the district merged to Mackay Sugar Limited, resulting in the closure of the North Eton mill. [41] 21°13′52″S148°57′52″E / 21.2312°S 148.9645°E / -21.2312; 148.9645 (North Eton Sugar Mill) (approx)
StateLibQld 1 236805 Homebush Sugar Mill, Mackay, ca. 1895.jpg Homebush Sugar Mill Homebush Mackay Region 1883–1922 [42] 21°16′17″S149°02′51″E / 21.2713°S 149.0475°E / -21.2713; 149.0475 (Homebush Sugar Mill) (Homebush)
StateLibQld 1 170743 Road through Te Kowai Sugar Mill, Mackay, Queensland, ca. 1880.jpg Te Kowai Sugar Mill Mackay Mackay Region
StateLibQld 1 236829 Palms sugar mill at Mackay, ca. 1895.jpg Palms Sugar Mill Palms Mackay RegionPalms was the last of the plantation mills in the Mackay district, closing in 1924. [37]
Cassada Sugar Mill Walkerston Mackay RegionOperated from 1870 to 1886. [43] 21°10′22″S149°04′16″E / 21.1727°S 149.0712°E / -21.1727; 149.0712 (Cassada Sugar Mill)
Palmyra sugar mill, 1895 Palmyra Mill sugarcane processing warehouse, 1895.jpg
Palmyra sugar mill, 1895
Palmyra Sugar Mill Palmyra Mackay RegionOperated from 1883 to 1905. [44] 21°10′37″S149°05′25″E / 21.1769°S 149.0903°E / -21.1769; 149.0903 (Palmyra Sugar Mill)
Alexandra Mill, Alexandra, Mackay.jpg
Alexandra Sugar Mill Alexandra Mackay RegionOperated from 1868 to 1884. When originally constructed, it was the largest sugar mill in Queensland. [45] It was named after Princess Alexandra of Denmark who married Prince Edward (later King Edward VII) of Great Britain on 10 March 1863. [46]
River Estate sugar mill.jpg River Estate Sugar MillsRiver Estate

(possibly Foulden)

Mackay RegionThere were three mills at River Estate: Old Sugar Mill (1873–1887), North Sugar Mill (1881–1886) and New Sugar Mill (1887–1891). [47]
External view of a sugarcane crushing warehouse in Foulden, Queensland, circa 1880.jpg Foulden Sugar MillFouldenMackay RegionOperated from 1872 to 1887. It was on the northern bank of the Pioneer River. [48]
Balmoral Sugar Mill West Mackay Mackay RegionOperated from 1873 to 1880. [49] 21°09′42″S149°09′38″E / 21.1617°S 149.1605°E / -21.1617; 149.1605 (Balmoral Sugar Mill)
Meadowlands Mill, 1912.jpg
Meadowlands Sugar Mill Racecourse Mackay RegionOperated from 1870 to 1914. [50] 21°09′35″S149°08′37″E / 21.1596°S 149.1436°E / -21.1596; 149.1436 (Meadowlands Sugar Mill)
Cattle Creek Mill, 1912.jpg
Cattle Creek Cooperative Sugar Mill Finch Hatton Mackay RegionCommenced in 1906, closed in 1990. [51]
The Cedars Mill, Mackay district.jpg
The Cedars MillNorth MackayMackay RegionCommenced in 1873, closed in 1886. Operated by Maurice Hume Black. [52]
Yeppoon Sugar Mill, (Farnborough Sugam Mill) Farnborough Shire of Livingstone Commenced in 1883, closed in 1903. [53] [54] [55]
Queensland State Archives 2211 Fairymead Sugar Mill Bundaberg c 1896.png Fairymead Sugar Mill Fairymead Bundaberg Region Opened 1884, closed in 2005 [56] [57]
StateLibQld 2 395693 Dam and canefields, Oakwood Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, Queensland, 1909.jpg Oakwood Sugar Mill Bundaberg Bundaberg Region
Doolbi Sugar Mill, 1914.JPG Doolbi Sugar Mill Doolbi Bundaberg Region
StateLibQld 2 395585 Pemberton Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, 1907.jpg Pemberton Sugar MillBundaberg Region
StateLibQld 1 395913 Invicta Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, ca. 1907.jpg Invicta Sugar MillBundaberg RegionOriginally located near the Kolan River in Bucca in the Bundaberg Region but relocated to Giru in 1919 where it is still now as the Invicta Sugar Mill. [11] [12]
StateLibQld 2 394881 Horsedrawn cart at weighbridge infront of Qunaba Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, 1909.jpg Qunaba Sugar MillBundaberg Region
Queensland State Archives 2300 North Isis Sugar Mill with cart load of cane in foreground 16 September 1896.png North Isis Sugar Mill Bundaberg Region
StateLibQld 1 394813 Mill workers infront of Sharon Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, ca. 1890.jpg Sharon Sugar MillBundaberg Region
StateLibQld 1 394877 Windermere Sugar Mill, Bundaberg, 1909.jpg Windermere Sugar Mill Windermere Bundaberg Region
Central Sugar Mill Ruins.jpg Central Sugar Mill Yengarie Fraser Coast Region The ruins of this mill are listed on the Queensland Heritage Register. [58] 25°32′02″S152°38′06″E / 25.534°S 152.635°E / -25.534; 152.635 (Central Sugar Mill Ruins)
Yengarie Sugar Refinery ruins (2002).jpg Yengarie Sugar Refinery Yengarie Fraser Coast RegionThe ruins of this mill are listed on the Queensland Heritage Register. [59] 25°33′40″S152°36′58″E / 25.5611°S 152.6162°E / -25.5611; 152.6162 (Yengarie Sugar Refinery Ruins)
Mount Bauple sugar mill Bauple Fraser Coast RegionThe Mount Bauple sugar mill was established in 1896; [60] it was the largest in the district. There were cane tramways to deliver the harvested sugarcane to the mill at 26 Mill Street. [61] [62] The mill closed in 1951, as the sugarcane was then being sent to mills in Nambour and Maryborough. [63] [64] [65] The plans for the sugar mill are held at State Library of Queensland. [66] 25°49′03″S152°37′16″E / 25.81739°S 152.62118°E / -25.81739; 152.62118 (Mount Bauple sugar mill (former))
View of the Moreton Central Sugar Mill ca. 1910.tiff Moreton Central Mill Nambour Sunshine Coast Region Closed in 2003
Oaklands Sugar Mill (also known as Whish's Sugar Mill) Morayfield City of Moreton Bay The mill operated between 1865 and 1872. [67] 27°05′47″S152°58′28″E / 27.0963°S 152.9744°E / -27.0963; 152.9744 (Oaklands Sugar Mill)
Queensland State Archives 3059 Ruins of the sugar mill on St Helena Island 20 December 1928.png St Helena Island City of Brisbane
Sugar mill at Hemmant.jpg Gibsons Clydesdale Sugar Mill Hemmant City of Brisbane Operated from the 1860s [68]
Cooperative Sugar Mill Murarrie City of Brisbane Commenced in 1872. [68]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarina, Queensland</span> Town in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mackay, Queensland</span> City in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Proserpine, Queensland</span> Town in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mossman, Queensland</span> Town in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mirani, Queensland</span> Town in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Finch Hatton, Queensland</span> Town in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marian, Queensland</span> Town in Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Eton, Queensland</span> Suburb of Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexandra, Queensland</span> Suburb of Mackay, Queensland, Australia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pleystowe, Queensland</span> Suburb of Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia

Pleystowe is a rural locality in the Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia. It is known for the former Pleystowe Sugar Mill used to crush sugar cane to produce raw sugar. In the 2021 census, Pleystowe had a population of 418 people.

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References

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  3. ↑ Lonely Planet Queensland (1st ed.). Lonely Planet. 1996.
  4. 1 2 3 District Productivity Plan – Far North 2023 (PDF). Sugar Research Australia. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
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  7. ↑ District Productivity Plan – South Johnstone 2023 (PDF). Sugar Research Australia. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  8. ↑ "Welcome to Tully Sugar Limited". www.tullysugar.com. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Wilmar Sugar Mills - Our Mills". www.wilmarsugarmills.com. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Mills - Wilmar Sugar". www.wilmarsugar-anz.com. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  11. 1 2 "History". Australian Sugar Cane Railway. Archived from the original on 23 February 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  12. 1 2 "The Invicta Mill". The Bundaberg Mail . Queensland, Australia. 15 March 1919. p. 3. Archived from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2020– via Trove.
  13. ↑ District Productivity Plan – Burdekin 2023 (PDF). Sugar Research Australia. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  14. ↑ "Inkerman Sugar Mill | Biomass Producer – Bioenergy information for Australia's primary industries". biomassproducer.com.au. Archived from the original on 12 November 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  15. 1 2 3 "Our Mills". www.mkysugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  16. ↑ "Racecourse Mill". www.mkysugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  17. 1 2 "Our Company". Bundaberg Sugar. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  18. 1 2 "Sugar Milling | Bundaberg Sugar". www.bundysugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 29 February 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  19. 1 2 "Isis Central Sugar Mill | About Us". www.isissugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 5 March 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  20. ↑ "Isis Central Sugar Mill – Home". www.isissugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "Isis Central Sugar Mill – Chiders QLD". www.isissugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Rocky Point Sugar Mill". www.heckgroup.com.au. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "Introduction". www.heckgroup.com.au. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  24. ↑ "Contact". www.nswsugar.com.au. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
  25. ↑ "Mossman Mill by Far Northern Milling". Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
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  37. 1 2 "Habana Tramline Causeway and Wharf Site (entry 602749)". Queensland Heritage Register . Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
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  41. ↑ Mills, John Henry, 1851–1919 (1895), North Eton Central Mill, Mackay Regional Council, archived from the original on 4 March 2021, retrieved 13 March 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  42. ↑ "Homebush Sugar Mill, 1883-1922". www.mackayhistory.org. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  43. ↑ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Cassada Sugar Mill 1870 - 1886". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
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  50. ↑ Hall, Glen (18 July 2017). "Meadowlands Sugar Mill 1870 - 1914". Mackay History. Archived from the original on 27 July 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
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  60. ↑ "No title". Maryborough Chronicle, Wide Bay And Burnett Advertiser . No. 7, 395. Queensland, Australia. 18 July 1896. p. 2. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023– via National Library of Australia.
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