The Chicago Marathon, one of the six World Marathon Majors,[1] has been contested by men and women annually since 1977.[2] Since 1983, it has been held annually in October.[2] The United States had been represented by the most Chicago Marathon winners in the open division (nine men and twelve women). At 32 victories (20 men and 12 women) in the open division, Kenya has the second most winners and is tied with the United States for female victors, and Kenyan men have won more times than men representing any other country, including nine victories in a row from 2003 through 2011. The United Kingdom and Ethiopia are tied for third place in total victories in the open division at nine, while Switzerland is second behind the United States's 57 victories in the wheelchair division with 11. All four of Brazil's victors have been men, and all three of Portugal's winners have been women.
The first six pairs of races were swept by the United States.[3] Runners representing the United Kingdom won both races in 1996 (Paul Evans and Marian Sutton).[4] Kenya has been victorious in both races twice (1998 and 2001) and is the most recent country to do so, with representatives Ben Kimondiu and Catherine Ndereba.[3]Deena Kastor, the 2005 female winner, is the last victor from the host nation. Although four-time winner Khalid Khannouchi represented the United States during his 2000 and 2002 victories after becoming an American citizen,[5] the last American-born male winner prior to 2017 was Greg Meyer.[6][7] Galen Rupp became the first American-born male to win the race in 35 years with his 2017 victory.[8] 1979 winner Laura Michalek of the United States was just 15years old.[2]
Khannouchi's four victories is the most by any contestant. There have been several two-time winners including Khannouchi, five men and six women. Four of the five male two-time winners have been consecutive winners (most recently Evans Rutto in 2002 and 2003), and six of the seven two-time female victors have been consecutive (most recently Berhane Adere in 2006 and 2007). No one other than Khannouchi has won three races and no one has won three consecutively.[2]
The world record for the marathon had been set six times: three male and three female world records. The United Kingdom has had both a male and a female fastest marathon world record in Chicago. The women's world record was once set by Paula Radcliffe, who succeeded Catherine Ndereba as a world record holder in 2002.[2] The record has been set in 2019 by Brigid Kosgei. Khannouchi set the last male fastest marathon world record in the Chicago Marathon in 1999.[2] After Ndereba set the record in 2001, both the men's and women's current fastest marathon world records had been set in the Chicago Marathon.[9][10]
1 2 The event was contested as a half marathon.[12]
1 2 3 Liliya Shobukhova finished first in 2009, 2010 and 2011 but was subsequently disqualified and records erased because of a positive drug test. Her penalty was announced in 2014.[13]
↑ Rita Jeptoo tested positive in an out-of-competition drug test for EPO on September 25, 2014. The drug test was confirmed in December 20, 2014, and her two-year suspension was made retroactive to the date of the positive test, which was before the Chicago Marathon, on October 12, 2014 when she had originally finished first in 2:24:35.[14]
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