Lyperanthus serratus

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Rattle beaks
Lyperanthus serratus.JPG
Rattle beaks growing near Albany
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Lyperanthus
Species:
L. serratus
Binomial name
Lyperanthus serratus
Synonyms [1]

Lyperanthus serratus, commonly called rattle beaks, is a species of orchid that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It derives its common name from the fact that the flowers rattle if gently shaken.

Contents

Description

Lyperanthus serratus is a tuberous, perennial herb, 25–50 cm (10–20 in) high with 3 to 10 green, yellow and brown flowers, 3–5 cm (1–2 in) wide, from September to October. [2] [3] The flowers have white (non-secreting) glandular hairs on the labellum. There is a single leaf which is arched, ribbed, leathery and linear, about 35 cm (10 in) long and 1.5 cm (0.6 in) wide. [4] [5] A powdery bloom covers the entire plant, except for the innermost parts of the flower. The single leaf is lance-shaped, 150–350 cm (60–100 in) long and 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide, dark green with a paler lower surface. [6]

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first described by John Lindley in 1840 in his The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. [7] The type specimen was collected by Drummond near the Swan River. Lindley noted "This has, when dried, so much the appearance of L. suaveolens, that I mistook it for that species. It is however a much stouter plant; and, as will be seen by the above character, the labellum is altogether different." The specific epithet (serratus) refers to the white calli found on the labellum, appearing like serrations on its edge. [8] [9]

Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in the Avon Wheatbelt, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographical regions of Western Australia on sand, loam or sandy clay. It grows in a variety of habitats including forest, woodland and heath and often grows through reasonably low, dense vegetation. [10]

Use in horticulture

As with other Australian terrestrial orchids, Lyperanthus serratus is not well known in cultivation but success has been achieved with the closely related Lyperanthus suaveolens . [11]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Thelymitra crinita</i> Species of orchid

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<i>Lyperanthus</i> Genus of orchids

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<i>Caladenia reptans <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> reptans</i> Subspecies of orchid

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<i>Cyanicula gemmata</i> Species of orchid

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<i>Cyanicula ixioides</i> Species of orchid

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<i>Cyanicula sericea</i> Species of orchid endemic to Australia

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<i>Caleana nigrita</i> Species of flowering plant

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Microtis atrata, commonly known as the swamp mignonette orchid or yellow onion orchid and sometimes as Microtidium atratum, is a species of orchid endemic to southern Australia. It has a single thin leaf and up to forty or more yellowish-green flowers. The flowers are the smallest of any Australian ground-dwelling orchid. The orchid usually grows in large colonies after fire and although small, are easily seen because of their very large numbers in their blackened surroundings.

Corybas limpidus, commonly known as the crystal helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to Western Australia. It has round or heart-shaped leaf and a translucent greenish flower with dark red or burgundy-coloured spots and blotches. The edges of the labellum have a few short, blunt teeth.

References

  1. 1 2 "Lyperanthus serratus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  2. "Lyperanthus serratus Lindl". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  3. Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 86. ISBN   0646402439.
  4. "Lyperanthus". Pacific Bulb Society. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  5. Fuhrer, Bruce A.; Corrick, Margaret G. (2009). Wildflowers of southern Western Australia (3rd ed.). Kenthurst, N.S.W.: Rosenberg Pub. p. 146. ISBN   9781877058844.
  6. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 279–280. ISBN   1877069124.
  7. "Lyperanthus serratus". APNI. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  8. Lindley, John (1840). The genera and species of orchidaceous plants. London: Ridgways. p. 393. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  9. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (201). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 263. ISBN   9780646562322.
  10. "Rattle Beaks - Lyperanthus serratus". Esperance wildflowers. 20 July 2008. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  11. Nesbitt, Les. "Australia's native orchids". Australian native plant society (Australia). Retrieved 12 March 2015.