MV Willapa

History
Name	1927-1940 MV Fresno 1940-c. 1990s MV Willapa c. 1990s-2009 MV Fresno
Namesake	Extinct Willapa tribe of Southwestern Washington; meaning unknown
Owner	1927-1940: Southern Pacific-Golden Gate Ferries 1940-1951: Puget Sound Navigation Company 1951-1967: WSDOT
Operator	Southern Pacific-Golden Gate Ferries 1940-1951: Black Ball Line 1951-1967: Washington State Ferries
Builder	Bethlehem Steel, San Francisco
Completed	1927
In service	1927
Out of service	1967
Refit	1941
Identification	IMO number:  7619795 Call sign: WB4495
Fate	Scrapped 2009
General characteristics
Class and type	Steel Electric-class ferry
Type	Auto/passenger ferry
Tonnage	Gross: 1368 Net: 930
Length	256 feet
Beam	65 feet
Deck clearance	12 feet
Installed power	2800 HP
Propulsion	1 × Busch-Sulzer Diesel engine
Speed	15 knots
Capacity	90 cars (1927) 800-1500 passengers
Notes	Source: [1]

The MV Willapa was a car ferry that served on the San Francisco Bay and later on Puget Sound. She was one of the Steel Electric-class ferries built in 1927 for service across the San Francisco Bay. Originally named MV Fresno, she was operated by the Southern Pacific Railroad and provided ferry service across the bay. ^[1]

Fresno served on the San Francisco Bay for ten years, when the completion of the San Francisco Bay Bridge in 1936 and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1937 made the ferries no longer necessary. In 1940, all six Steel Electric ferries were purchased by Puget Sound Navigation Company (PSN) and they were brought up the coast to Puget Sound two at a time, allowing PSN to modernize their ferry fleet. ^[1]

These ferries were all renamed—the Fresno was renamed Willapa—and two of them were significantly modified to be single-ended ferries for use on the Seattle-Bremerton ferry route. These two ferries were the Willapa and Enetai, which had already been serving on the Bremerton ferry route while two other Steel Electrics were being readied for service. The pilothouse and propeller on one end of the Willapa was removed and the rudder on that end was welded straight. The diesel-electric propulsion was removed and it was replaced with a 2800-horsepower Busch-Sulzer direct-drive diesel, which increased her speed to 15 knots. The passenger cabin was also enlarged, increasing her passenger capacity from 800 to 1500 passengers. ^[1]

These modifications made both the Willapa and Enetai better suited for the hour-long Seattle-Bremerton route, which was seeing an increase in traffic with more people commuting to and from the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, where more warships were being built in preparation for World War II. The modifications that the Willapa and Enetai received made them no longer true Steel Electric-class ferries. ^[1]

The Willapa continued service between Seattle and Bremerton from 1940 until 1967, when she was retired. Her running mates on that route included the Chippewa, her sister Enetai and the Kalakala. For a short period during late-World War II, the steamers SS Malahat and SS City of Sacramento also served on the route. ^[1]

In 1951, all of PSN's routes and almost all their vessels, including the Willapa, were purchased by Washington State to form Washington State Ferries (WSF). In 1953, all six Steel Electrics had their car deck windows replaced with round portholes. By the mid-1960s, WSF began building four Super-class ferries to replace the Willapa, Enetai, and Kalakala. These vessels were all single-ended and by the 1960s were no longer considered faster than double-ended vessels and their engines were expensive to run and maintain. Once the first Super-class ferry Hyak arrived, the Willapa and Kalakala were retired. The Hyak was much faster and larger than the older ferries. ^[1]

The Willapa was sold to a group of San Francisco investors who moved her back to the Bay area and changed her name back to Fresno. However, the vessel was neglected and eventually sank at her berth in 30 feet of water. She was partially submerged for six months until a salvage company raised the vessel and patched her hull with concrete. Her hull was still in poor shape and constant pumping was required to keep the vessel afloat. By October 2006, after unsuccessful attempts to sell her on eBay earlier that year, her owner was planning to sell the vessel for scrap. In November 2009, the vessel was scrapped by Enterprise Marine Company Inc., resulting in the Santa Rosa (aka Enetai) being the only remaining Steel Electric-class ferry. ^[1]

References

1. "The M/V Willapa". EvergreenFleet.com. Retrieved 21 January 2014.