Mana, French Guiana

Last updated
Mana
Commune
Mana-1603.JPG
The church of Saint-Joseph of Mana
Locator map of Mana 2022.png
Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
Location of Mana
Mana, French Guiana
Coordinates: 5°40′11″N53°46′41″W / 5.6697°N 53.778°W / 5.6697; -53.778
Country France
Overseas region and department French Guiana
Arrondissement Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni
Intercommunality Ouest Guyanais
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Albéric Benth [1]
Area
1
6,333 km2 (2,445 sq mi)
Population
 (2021) [2]
11,764
 • Density1.9/km2 (4.8/sq mi)
Time zone UTC−03:00
INSEE/Postal code
97306 /97360
Elevation5 m (16 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Mana (French pronunciation: [mana] ; French Guianese Creole : Mannan) is a commune and town in French Guiana. It was founded on 16 August 1828 by Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey. [3] It borders the river Mana, from where it gets its name; and is nearby the river Maroni. Mana is the primary producer of rice in French Guiana, which it exports to Suriname. [4]

Contents

On 31 December 1988, about 3% of the territory of Mana was detached and became the commune of Awala-Yalimapo. [5] Awala-Yalimapo is inhabited by Galibi Amerindians. [6]

History

The first settlement of people from Jura failed in alcoholism and disease. In 1828, the Ministry of the Navy and Colonies sent Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey to colonize the area. [3] Javouhey set out to build a viable community based on agriculture and invited black traders to settle, [7] which was not the white colony as the Ministry envisioned. When 20 escaped slaves settled in the area, she bought them from their owners. [3]

In 1833, Governor Jean Jubelin  [ fr ] visited Mana, and appreciated the efforts and progress. Jubelin arranged for orphans to be sent to Mana and the establishment of a leper colony in Acarouany. In 1838, the colony faced a manpower shortage. Javouhey suggested to educate and train 3,000 children of the slaves. The government refused to subsidize the plan, and Javouhey left in 1843. [3]

On 15 October 1950, Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey was beatified by Pope Pius XII. [8]

In 1978, Javouhey was founded as the second Hmong resettlement village in French Guiana. The village is on a former agricultural colony founded by Anne-Marie Javouhey. [9]

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1967 875—    
1974 1,063+2.82%
1982 1,429+3.77%
1990 4,945+16.79%
1999 5,445+1.08%
2007 8,256+5.34%
2012 9,334+2.48%
2017 10,894+3.14%
Source: INSEE [10]

Nature

In 1996, La Trinité National Nature Reserve was founded. It covers 76,903 hectares and is primary tropical rain forest located in the heart of the Guyana plateau forest. [11]

The Amana Nature Reserve has been established in 1998 to protect the leatherback turtle. The reserve covers 14,800 hectares. [12]

Economy

The economy of the area is based on agriculture, [4] and gold mining. [13] Mines in the commune include Coulor, [14] and Délices. [15]

Villages

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni</span> Subprefecture and commune in French Guiana, France

Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni is a commune of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America. Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni is one of the three sub-prefectures of French Guiana and the seat of the Arrondissement of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. It is the second most populous city of French Guiana, with 50,250 inhabitants at the January 2021 census.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Awala-Yalimapo</span> Commune in French Guiana, France

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Javouhey is a town in northwest French Guiana in the Mana commune of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. Most of its people are Hmong refugees from Laos who settled in French Guiana. Javouhey was founded in 1978, as the second Hmong settlement village in French Guiana after Cacao. The village is on a former agricultural colony founded by Anne-Marie Javouhey in 1822. The reasoning was that living, and working conditions were similar to their native land. As of 2005, the village has a population of about 1,000 people.

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Coulor is a village and gold mine in French Guiana, in the commune of Mana. The gold mine is being exploited by the Espérance Mining Company. The mine measures 113 km2.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anne-Marie Javouhey</span> French Roman Catholic saint

Anne-Marie Javouhey, SJC was a French nun who founded the Sisters of Saint Joseph of Cluny. She is venerated in the Roman Catholic Church. She is known as the Liberator of the Slaves in the New World, and as the mother of the town of Mana, French Guiana.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canton of Mana</span> Former canton in French Guiana, France

The canton of Mana is one of the former cantons of the Guyane department in French Guiana. It was located in the arrondissement of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, and consisted of two communes. Its administrative seat was located in Mana. Its population was 10,661 in 2012.

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Acarouany is a village in the Mana commune of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni in French Guiana. Acarouany was the location of leper colony between 1833 and 1979. From 1989 until 1992, it was the location of a Surinamese refugee camp. The village is located on the Acarouany River.

Charvein is a village in the Mana commune of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni in French Guiana. Charvein was the location of Camp Charvein, one of the most notorious camps of the Prison of St-Laurent-du-Maroni. From 1989 until 1992, Charvein was the location of a Surinamese refugee camp.

References

  1. ↑ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022. Archived from the original on 28 June 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  2. ↑ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Guide Mana". Petit Futé (in French). Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  4. 1 2 "La filière rizicole de Guyane : évolution et perspectives" (PDF). Institut d'Emission des Départements d'Outre-Mer (in French). 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  5. ↑ "Guyane, Historie". Petit Futé (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  6. ↑ "Guide Awala-Yalimapo". Petit Futé (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  7. ↑ "Mana, précurseurse depuis toujours". Le Jour du Seigneur (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  8. ↑ ""Anne-Marie Javouhey"". Pontifical Missionaries Societies (in French). Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  9. ↑ "Des Hmongs en Guyane". ANAI Asso.org (National Association of Elders and Friends of Indochina) (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  10. ↑ Population en historique depuis 1968 Archived 2022-07-25 at the Wayback Machine , INSEE
  11. ↑ "Historique Réserve Naturelle La Trinité" (in French). Archived from the original on 4 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  12. ↑ "L'Amana Réserve naturelle nationale". L'Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel (in French). Archived from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  13. ↑ Farand, Chloé (27 April 2018). "Paris to decide fate of 'mega' gold mine in forests of French Guiana". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  14. ↑ "Permis Exclusif de Recherches dit "Permis Coulor" dans le département de Guyane Compagnie Minière Espérance" (PDF). economie.gouv.fr (in French). 27 June 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  15. ↑ "Auplata annonce la signature d'un protocole pour l'acquisition de la mine de Délices en Guyane Française" (PDF). Auplata Mining Group (in French). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  16. ↑ "Mme Chantal Berthelot". Assemblée nationale (in French). Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
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