Maratha province of Saugor | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1735–1818 | |||||||||||||
| Status | Province | ||||||||||||
| Capital | Sagar | ||||||||||||
| Religion | Hinduism | ||||||||||||
| Government | Governor | ||||||||||||
| Historical era | Early modern | ||||||||||||
• Established | 1735 | ||||||||||||
• Cession to the British after the Third Anglo-Maratha War | 1818 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| Today part of | India | ||||||||||||
The Saugor subha was a province of the Maratha Empire comprising the central Indian territories of the Peshwa or prime minister. It was ruled by hereditary Maratha Pandit governors who had their headquarters at the city of Sagar. [1] [2]
The Bundela chieftain Chhatrasal rebelled against the Mughal Empire and established a large independent kingdom in the Bundelkhand region, including the Sagar town. [3] In 1731, Chhatrasal died and left one-third of his kingdom to the Peshwa or prime minister of the Maratha Empire- Baji Rao I in return for his assistance at the Battle of Jaitpur. [4] [1] In 1733, the Peshwa sent his agent, Govind Pant Bundele to claim the territory on his behalf. [5] Thus the rule of the Maratha Pandits of Saugor began with him. [6] [7]
Govind Pant Bundele founded the present settlement of Sagar and fortified the town, making it his headquarters in 1735. [1] [8] [9] [10] After the death of Govind Pant Bundele in the Third Battle of Panipat in 1760, [11] his successors continued to rule Sagar as hereditary governors. [6] [12] Govind Pant was succeeded by his son-in-law Visaji Govind Chandorkar, who was in turn succeeded by his adopted son Ranganath. [13] [14]
In 1742, Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao attacked the Gond kingdom of Garha-Mandla along with Visaji Chandorkar, leader of the Sagar Marathas and killed the ruler, Maharaj Shah. [15] His son, Shivraj Singh, ascended he throne on the condition that he would pay an annual tribute of 4 lakhs to the Marathas. [16] Garha-Mandla essentially became a dependent state of the Sagar Marathas, who chose not to annex it until 1781, during the rule of Narhar Shah. Narhar Shah was imprisoned in the Khurai Fort near Sagar. [17] [18] [19] The anthropologist Stephen Fuchs describes- "In 1781 the last Gond ruler of Mandla, Narhar Shah, was tortured to death by the Maratha general Moraji, and Mandla became a dependency of the Saugor Marathas." [20]
The annexation of Garha-Mandla brought the Sagar Maratha family to its greatest territorial extent, controlling many districts of the former kingdom such as Jabalpur and Narsinghpur for 18 years. [21] The Bhonsles of Nagpur eventually captured the districts from the Sagar family in 1799. [5] [13]
A fort was built by them in Sagar which was completed in 1780. [22] In 1818, after the Third Anglo-Maratha War, Sagar was handed over to the British government by Govindrao I, ruler of Jalaun State and descendant of Govind Pant Bundele. [1] [8] [3] [9] [5] [6]
Gondwana, also known as Gondaranya, the land of Gondwana, is a region of India named after the Gondi people who live there. The name of the ancient continent of Gondwanaland was derived from Gondwana, because some of the earliest rock formations of this continent were first investigated in part of the region in modern Odisha.
Bajirao I also known as Bajirao the Great, was the 7th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. He after Shivaji, is considered to be the most charismatic and dynamic leader in Maratha history. He was just twenty years old and already had a reputation for rapid decisions and a passion for military adventure.
Jabalpur, formerly Jubbulpore, is a city situated on the banks of Narmada River in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the 3rd-largest urban agglomeration of the state and the 38th-largest of the country. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of the Jabalpur district and the Jabalpur division. It is the judicial capital of Madhya Pradesh with Madhya Pradesh High Court being located in the city. It is generally accepted that the game of snooker originated in Jabalpur. Jabalpur is also the railway headquarters of the West Central Railway. Jabalpur Cantonment is one of the largest cantonments in India and houses the army headquarters of five states. The city is known for the marble rocks on the river Narmada at Bhedaghat. It is also known as 'Sanskardhani' meaning 'The Cultural Capital' highlighting the city's rich cultural and historical heritage. The city of Jabalpur was among the first 7 smart cities selected for the Smart Cities Mission.
Bundelkhand is a geographical and cultural region and a proposed state and also a mountain range in central & North India. The hilly region is now divided between the states of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, with the larger portion lying in the latter state.
Sagar is a city, municipal corporation and administrative headquarter in Sagar district of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. The city is situated on a spur of the Vindhya Range, 1,758 feet (536 m) above sea-level around 172 kilometres (107 mi) northeast of the state capital, Bhopal.
Mandla is a city with municipality in Mandla district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Mandla District. The city is situated in a loop of the Narmada River, which surrounds it on three sides, and for 15 miles between Mandla and Ramnagar, Madhya Pradesh the river flows in a deep bed unbroken by rocks. The Narmada is worshiped here, and many ghats have been constructed on the banks of the river. It was a capital of the Gondwana Kingdom who built a palace and a fort, which in the absence of proper care have gone to ruins.
Damoh is a city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is known for The Bade Baba Temple at Kundalpur, a Jain pilgrimage site. It is one of the major cities of Madhya Pradesh. The city is also the district headquarters of Damoh district.
Karhade Brahmins are a Hindu Brahmin sub-caste mainly from the Indian state of Maharashtra, but are also distributed in states of Goa, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh.
Balaghat district is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in Central India. Its belongs to Jabalpur Division. Balaghat city is Administrative Headquarter of Balaghat District.
Seoni District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The town of Seoni is the district headquarters.
Sagar district is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The town of Sagar serves as its administrative center.
The Saugor and Nerbudda Territories, was a region of British India, located in the central part of present-day Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It included the present-day districts of Sagar (Saugor), Damoh, Jabalpur, and Narsinghpur.
Chhatrasal Bundela was the Raja of Panna from 1675 to 1731. He is well known for his resistance against the Mughal Empire.
Govind Ballal Kher, historically known as Govind Pant Bundela, was a Military General of the Peshwas in Northern India during 1733 to 1760. Peshwa Bajirao appointed him his trustee for the 1/3rd of the kingdom rewarded to him by Maharaja Chhatrasal in Bundelkhand. He ruled the city of Kalpi and later it was given as a jagir to his descendant Nana Govinda Rao. After this Govind Rao ruled over Jalaun State.
The history of Nagpur, in central India, spans over 5,000 years, including the Kingdom of Nagpur in the 18th and 19th century. Human existence around present-day Nagpur city can be traced back 3,000 years to the 8th century BC. Menhir burial sites at Drugdhamna indicate megalithic culture existed around Nagpur and is still followed in present times.
The Battle of Jaitpur was fought between the Maratha Empire under Peshwa Baji Rao I, on behalf of Chhatrasal Bundela, the ruler of Bundelkhand; and the Mughal Empire under Muhammad Khan Bangash in March 1729. Bangash attacked the state of Bundelkhand in December 1728. Being too old to fight, as well as heavily outnumbered, Chhatrasal appealed to Baji Rao for assistance - under whose leadership the Maratha with 25,000 horsemen with the bundela troops defeated the Muhammad khan bangash.
Bakht Buland Shah was a ruler of the Rajgond dynasty. He added to his kingdom, the territories of Chanda and Mandla, and portions of Nagpur, Balaghat, Seoni, Bhandara and the adjoining Rajput kingdom of Kherla/Khedla. The present districts of Chhindwara and Betul also fell under his control. A great warrior, he went on to conquer Pauni, Dongartal, Sivni, and Katangi.
Bijawar State was a princely state of colonial India, located in modern Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh.
The Garha Kingdom, also called Garha Mandla or Garha Katanga, was an early-modern-era kingdom in India. It was the first large kingdom to be founded by the Gond tribe and dominated much of Central India at its peak.
Hridayshah, also called Hirde Shah, was the 54th and last great king of Garha-Mandla. Hridayshah was a great patron and lover of music, and wrote the musical compostions of "Hriday Koutuk" and "Hriday Prakash" in 1660. He moved his kingdom's capital from Chouragarh to Ramnagar of Mandla district to secure it from Bundela attacks.
