The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the lower house,the House of Commons,it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London,England. One of the oldest extant institutions in the world,its origins lie in the early 11th century and the emergence of bicameralism in the 13th century.
The Peerage Act 1963 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that permits female hereditary peers and all Scottish hereditary peers to sit in the House of Lords and allows newly inherited hereditary peerages to be disclaimed.
The House of Lords Act 1999 is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the House of Lords,one of the chambers of Parliament. The Act was given royal assent on 11 November 1999. For centuries,the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats;the Act removed such a right. However,as part of a compromise,the Act allowed ninety-two hereditary peers to remain in the House. Another ten were created life peers to enable them to remain in the House.
George Cubitt,1st Baron Ashcombe,of Denbies House,Dorking,Surrey,was a British politician and peer,a son of Thomas Cubitt,the leading London builder and property developer of his day.
Arthur Charles Valerian Wellesley,9th Duke of Wellington,9th Prince of Waterloo,10th Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo,9th Duke of Victoria,GE,OBE,DL,styled Earl of Mornington between 1945 and 1972 and Marquess of Douro between 1972 and 2014,is a British peer and politician. He served as Conservative Member of the European Parliament for Surrey (1979–1984) and Surrey West (1984–1989) and has sat as a hereditary peer in the House of Lords since 2015.
The reform of the House of Lords,the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom,has been a topic of discussion in UK politics for more than a century. Multiple governments have attempted reform,beginning with the introduction of the Parliament Act 1911 by the incumbent Liberal Government. When the Labour Party came to power in the 1997 general election,the Blair government passed the House of Lords Act 1999. On 7 November 2001 the government undertook a public consultation. This helped to create a public debate on the issue of Lords reform,with 1,101 consultation responses and numerous debates in Parliament and the media. However,no consensus on the future of the upper chamber emerged.
Henry Edward Cubitt,4th Baron Ashcombe,was a British hereditary peer. He was the son of Roland Cubitt,3rd Baron Ashcombe,and Sonia Rosemary Keppel,and the uncle and godfather of Queen Camilla.
Charles Towneley Strachey,4th Baron O'Hagan,is a British Conservative party politician.
Geoffrey Robert James Borwick,5th Baron Borwick,is a British businessman,hereditary peer and member of the House of Lords.
The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum,also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 in the United Kingdom to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections. It occurred as a provision of the Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition agreement drawn up in 2010 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal. It operated under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties,Elections and Referendums Act 2000. Many local elections were also held on this day.
By-elections to the House of Lords occur when vacancies arise among seats assigned to hereditary peers due to death,resignation,or disqualification. Candidates for these by-elections are limited to holders of hereditary peerages,and their electorates are made up of sitting Lords;in most cases the electorate are those sitting hereditary peers of the same party affiliation as the departed peer.
Donald Andrew John Cameron of Lochiel,Baron Cameron of Lochiel is a Scottish Conservative politician and life peer who served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland from February to July 2024. He was elected a member of the Scottish Parliament for the electoral region of the Highlands and Islands in 2016,serving in various roles in the Conservative shadow cabinet before his appointment to the House of Lords in 2024. Cameron succeeded his father as the 28th Lochiel,the hereditary chief of Clan Cameron,in 2023.
Rupert Francis John Carington,7th Baron Carrington,,is a British banker,hereditary peer and crossbench member of the House of Lords.
James Nicholas Bethell,5th Baron Bethell is a British hereditary peer and Conservative politician in the House of Lords. During the COVID-19 pandemic,he was Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Innovation at the Department of Health and Social Care and was involved in negotiating various controversial contracts.
Jasset David Cody Ormsby-Gore,7th Baron Harlech,is a British hereditary peer and Conservative member of the House of Lords. He has been serving as a Lord in Waiting since September 2022.
Elections of the excepted hereditary peers were held in October and November 1999,before the House of Lords Act 1999 excluded most hereditary peers from the membership of the House of Lords allowing Earl Marshal,Lord Great Chamberlain and 90 others to remain in the House. Before the passing of the 1999 Act,the Lords approved a Standing Order stating that those 90 would consist of:
Edward Sebastian Grigg,4th Baron Altrincham,is a British hereditary peer and Conservative member of the House of Lords.
Richard John Denison,9th Baron Londesborough,is a British hereditary peer and crossbench member of the House of Lords.
Edward Mowbray Nicholas Howard,8th Earl of Effingham is a hereditary peer in the peerage of the United Kingdom and an elected Conservative member of the House of Lords.
