Mauritian general election, 1991

Mauritian general election, 1991
	← List of MPs elected in the Mauritian general election, 1987
All 70 seats in the National Assembly ; 35 seats needed for a majority
Prime Minister before election; Sir Anerood Jugnauth ; MSM	Subsequent Prime Minister; Sir Anerood Jugnauth ; MSM

Last updated April 23, 2019

General elections was held in Mauritius on 15 September 1991.^[1] Three main parties gained seats in this election: the Militant Socialist Movement, Mauritian Militant Movement and the Labour Party. The MSM formed an alliance with the MMM and the Labour party formed an alliance with the Mauritian Social Democrat Party (PMSD). On 17 September 1991, results showed that MSM-MMM won 57 seats out of 60 elected seats.^[2] This gave 95% of seats to MSM-MMM leader Anerood Jugnauth and 5% to Labour Party-PMSD leader Navin Ramgoolam.

Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean. The main Island of Mauritius is located about 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) off the southeast coast of the African continent. The Republic of Mauritius also includes the islands of Rodrigues, Agalega and St. Brandon. The capital and largest city Port Louis is located on the main island of Mauritius.

The Militant Socialist Movement is a centre-left political party in Mauritius that adheres to the philosophies of socialism and political democracy. It is the largest single political party in the National Assembly of Mauritius, winning 34 of the 69 seats in the 2014 general elections. With political development, 6 MPs from the opposition joined officially the party making the current majority at 40. It also holds the largest number of seats in all city/town councils through the country with 60 councilors out of 120.

The Mouvement Militant Mauricien (MMM) is a left-wing socialist political party in Mauritius. The party was formed by a group of students in the late 1960s. The MMM advocates what it sees as a "fairer" society, without discrimination on the basis of social class, race, community, caste, religion, gender or sexual orientation.

Parties and leaders

The main political parties taking part in the elections were the Militant Socialist Movement and Labour Party which were the current government, and the Mauritian Militant Movement which was the current opposition party. Earlier that year, Navin Ramgoolam ^[3] became the leader of the Labour Party. As a result, the MSM-Labour Party coalition broke down in February 1991 because Ramgoolam demanded that the deal between the parties should be reviewed and that the MSM leader, Anerood Jugnauth, should hold the office of Prime Minister for half of the term (two and a half years), with Ramgoolam serving out the remainder of the term. However, Jugnauth did not want to step aside in favour of Ramgoolam. Ramgoolam then announced that his party would contest the elections due September on its own.

Navinchandra Ramgoolam, GCSK, FRCP is a Mauritian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritius from 2005 to 2014 and leader of the Labour Party. He was Leader of the Opposition from 1991 to 1995. He served as Prime Minister for the first time from December 1995 until September 2000, and became Leader of the Opposition again from October 2000 to 4 July 2005. On 5 July 2005, he became prime minister for a second term after his Alliance Sociale won the general elections. He served again as Prime Minister from 2005 to 2014, when he was defeated afterwards.

Sir Anerood Jugnauth GCSK, KCMG, QC, MP, PC is a Mauritian politician who has served as both President and Prime Minister of Mauritius. He is Member of Parliament for Piton & Riviere Du Rempart.

MSM-MMM Coalition

Jugnauth proposed an electoral pact with the Mauritian Militant Movement(MMM), the party which Jugnauth himself had formerly led between 1976 and 1983, before the formation of the MSM. The two parties agreed that Anerood Jugnauth would remain Prime Minister for the full term of 5 years and that MMM leader Paul Bérenger would serve in his Cabinet. Bérenger later became Minister of External Affairs.^[4]

Paul Raymond Bérenger GCSK, MP is a Mauritian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritius from 2003 to 2005. He has been Leader of the Opposition on several occasions — from 1983 to 1987, 1997 to 2000, 2005 to 2006, 2007 to 2013, October 2013 to 15 September 2014, and again since December 2014. Following his party's defeat in the 2014 general elections, he became Leader of the Opposition for the sixth time, making him the longest ever to serve in this constitutional position. He was also Deputy Prime Minister from 1995 to 1997 and again from 2000 to 2003, and he was a cabinet minister in the government of Anerood Jugnauth in 1982 and 1991. Bérenger, a Christian of Franco-Mauritian descent, has been the only non-Hindu Prime Minister of Mauritius.

Party strains

During the term, Rama Sithanen, Sheila Bappoo and Daram Gockool defected from the MSM to the Mauritian Labour Party. Such defections put the MSM under increasing strain, and Jugnauth came under pressure to hold general elections in 1995 rather than 1996, as constitutionally scheduled.

Rama Krishna Sithanen, GCSK, MP is a former finance minister of Mauritius and vice-prime minister of Mauritius and has held the office between 1991 and 1995 when Sir Anerood Jugnauth was Prime Minister and from 2005 to 2010 Navin Ramgoolam's Cabinet.

Results

Party	Votes	%	Seats
Party	Votes	%	Constituency	Best-loser	Total
MSM-MMM-MTD	944,521	55.4	57	0	57
Labour Party-MSDP	670,631	39.3	5	4	9
Rodrigues People's Organisation	16,080	0.9	5	4	9
Socialist Workers' Front	12,162	0.7	0	0	0
Rodrigues People's Grouping	11,646	0.7	0	0	0
Liberal Action Party	6,053	0.4	0	0	0
Mauritian People's Party	5,696	0.3	0	0	0
Militant Workers Party	2,137	0.1	0	0	0
Socialist Movement of the South	686	0.0	0	0	0
Communist Party of Mauritius	358	0.0	0	0	0
Mauritius Party Rights	243	0.0	0	0	0
Tamil Fraternity of Mauritius	191	0.0	0	0	0
Mauritius United Party	160	0.0	0	0	0
People's Democratic Party	121	0.0	0	0	0
Independents	30,005	1.8	0	0	0
Total	1,706,240	100	62	4	66
Source: Nohlen et al., EISA

By constituency

Constituency	Elected MPs	Party Alliance	Religion!
1	LACLÉ, Mathieu Ange BOULLE Edouard JérômeLARIDON ARMANCE, Georges Alain	MSM-MMM	Christians
2	JEEWAH, Ahmad Sulliman ASGARALLY Abdool Azize LEE CHEONG LEM, Noe Ah-Qwet	MSM-MMM	Muslim Chinese
3	Cassam Uteem GENDOO, Osman KHODABUX, Bashir Ahmud	MSM-MMM	Muslim
4	BRIZMOHUN, Parmanund ARUNASALOM, José GENEVIEVE, Claude Raymond	MSM-MMM	Hindu Christian
5	Navin Ramgoolam JHURRY, Jyaneshwur KOONJOO, Premdut	Labor Party-MSDP MSM-MMM MSM/MSM	Hindu
6	FOKEER, Dharmanand Goopt, DULLOO, Madan Murlidhar PARSURAMAN Armoorgum	MSM-MMM	Hindu
7	Sir Anerood Jugnauth GUNGAH, Dwarkanath UTCHANAH, Mahyendrah	MSM-MMM	Hindu
8	Ashok Jugnauth MOUTIA, Sutyadeo PYNEEANDEE, Retnon	MSM-MMM	Hindu
9	BACHOO, Anil Kumar GUTTEE, Rajnarain NEEWOOR, Roodrashen	MSM-MMM	Hindu
10	JADDOO, Ramduthsing GOBURDHUN, Jagdishwar PEERUN, Mohammud Zeelannee	MSM-MMM	Hindu Hindu Muslim
11	BOOLELL, Arvin DAYAL, Bharat Bhusan, LALLAH, Subhas Chandra	Labor Party-MSDP MSM-MMM	Hindu
12	BUNWAREE, Dr. Vasant Kumar COLLENDAVELLOO, Ivan Leslie CHOONEE, Mookhesswur	Labor Party-MSDP MSM-MMM	Hindu Christian Hindu
13	AUMEER, Hurreeprem NABABSING, Paramhamsa KASENALLY Ahmud	MSM-MMM	Hindu Muslim
14	Alan Ganoo COMARMOND, Claude Francis Germain PHOKEER, Sooroojdev	MSM-MMM	Hindu Christian Hindu
15	OBEEGADOO, Louis Steven SEETARAM, Iswurdeo SOODHUN, Showkutally	MSM-MMM	Christian Hindu Muslim
16	BAPPOO, Sheilabai GOKHOOL, Dharambeer Karl Offmann	MSM-MMM	Hindu Hindu Christian
17	DARGA, Louis Amédée SAUZIER, Philippe Epaminondas Gaston Maxime TEELOCK, Sanjit Kumar	MSM-MMM	Christian Hindu
18	RUHEE, Keertee Coomar Rama Sithanen GLOVER, Michael James Kevin	MSM-MMM	Hindu Christian
19	CUTTAREE, Jaya Krishna DE LESTRAC, Jean Claude Gervais Raoul Paul Bérenger	MSM-MMM	Hindu Christian
20	BHAGWAN, Rajesh Anand MINERVE, Marie Therèse Joceline FINETTE, Jean Régis	MSM-MMM	Hindu Christian
Source: Government of Mauritius

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References

↑ Election Results Archived 2010-05-10 at the Wayback Machine . Government of Mauritius
↑ Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p618 ISBN 0-19-829645-2
↑ Bio-data of Dr The Honourable Navinchandra Ramgoolam, GCSK Government of Mauritius
↑ Bio-data of Honourable Paul Raymond Bérenger G.C.S.K, MP Government of Mauritius

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[1] Election Results Archived 2010-05-10 at the Wayback Machine . Government of Mauritius

[2] Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p618 ISBN 0-19-829645-2

[3] Bio-data of Dr The Honourable Navinchandra Ramgoolam, GCSK Government of Mauritius

[4] Bio-data of Honourable Paul Raymond Bérenger G.C.S.K, MP Government of Mauritius