| Mediterranean grenadier | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Gadiformes |
| Family: | Macrouridae |
| Genus: | Coryphaenoides |
| Species: | C. mediterraneus |
| Binomial name | |
| Coryphaenoides mediterraneus (Giglioli, 1893) | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
The Mediterranean grenadier (Coryphaenoides mediterraneus) is a species of deep-sea fish in the family Macrouridae. [3] [4] [5]
The Mediterranean grenadier has a measurement of up to 73 cm (29 in). [6] The head is scaled except for its gular and branchiostegal membranes; it has a blunt snout. [7] [8] Its brain shows increased volume in the octavolateral area (premotor organization of body movements) and gustatory area (taste); this is unsurprising as it lives in near-total darkness and is dependent on chemosensory inputs to find prey. [9]
The Mediterranean grenadier lives in the North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and Gulf of Mexico; it is bathydemersal, living at depths of 1,000–4,262 m (3,281–13,983 ft). [6] [10] [11] During 2008–2011 baited cameras were deployed over a depth range of 532–5111 m in the Ionian Sea to characterize the large mobile fauna. At depths greater than 3000 m, including Calypso Deep, the deepest point in the Mediterranean, the Mediterranean grenadier was observed, the only one fish species found, extending this species’ maximum recorded depth to 5111 m. [12]
The Mediterranean grenadier feeds on small benthic invertebrates. [6] They exhibit a cycle of daily activity, because the solar cycle influences the movement of pelagic prey who move vertically during the day. [13] They are parasitised by many species of cestode worms. [14]
Grenadiers or rattails are generally large, brown to black gadiform marine fish of the subfamily Macrourinae, the largest subfamily of the family Macrouridae. Found at great depths from the Arctic to Antarctic, members of this subfamily are amongst the most abundant of the deep-sea fish.
Enrico Hillyer Giglioli was an Italian zoologist and anthropologist.
The common ling, also known as the white ling or simply the ling, is a large member of the family Lotidae, a group of cod-like fishes. It resembles the related rocklings, but it is much larger and has a single barbel. This species is unrelated to the pink ling, Genypterus blacodes, from the Southern Hemisphere. The common ling is found in the northern Atlantic, mainly off Europe, and into the Mediterranean Basin. It is an important quarry species for fisheries, especially in the northeastern Atlantic, although some doubts exist as to the sustainability of the fisheries. As an edible species, it is eaten fresh, frozen, or dried, but also preserved in lye, while the roe is a delicacy in Spain.
The abyssal grenadier, Coryphaenoides armatus, is an abyssal fish of the genus Coryphaenoides, found in all the world's oceans, at depths between 800 and 4,000 metres. Its adult length is 20 to 40 centimetres, although Fishbase gives lengths up to 1 metre. The abyssal grenadier's body is unique in that it contains two dorsal spines and about 124 dorsal soft rays, which are the flexible jointed rays supporting a fin nearest to the back in the spinal column. It has no anal spines, but has 115 anal soft rays along its body. The head and eyes of this fish are very large, while the mouth is very small. The color of the abyssal grenadier is brown apart from the abdomen, which is bluish.
Coryphaenoides is a genus of rattails which is found in all oceans of the world. They are found in deep waters and C. yaquinae, recorded to 7,012 m (23,005 ft), is the only member in the family known from the hadal zone.
Coryphaenoides leptolepis, the ghostly grenadier, is a species of rattail found in the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans at depths of 610 to 4,000 metres. This species grows to a length of 62 centimetres (24 in) TL.
Coryphaenoides rupestris is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the family Macrouridae. Its common names include the rock grenadier, the roundnose grenadier and the roundhead rat-tail. In France it is known as grenadier de roche and in Spain as granadero de roca. It is a large, deep-water species and is fished commercially in the northern Atlantic Ocean.
Lophius budegassa, the blackbellied angler or blackbellied monkfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lophiidae, the goosefishes, monkfishes and anglers. This species is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Coryphaenoides brevibarbis, also called the shortbeard grenadier, is a species of deep-sea fish in the family Macrouridae.
The spearsnouted grenadier is a species of fish in the family Macrouridae.
The hollowsnout grenadier, also called the blackspot grenadier, is a species of fish in the family Macrouridae.
The carapine grenadier is a species of deep-sea fish in the family Macrouridae.
The common Atlantic grenadier is a species of fish in the family Macrouridae.
Günther's grenadier is a species of deep-sea fish in the family Macrouridae.
The glasshead grenadier is a species of fish in the family Macrouridae.
The deepwater grenadier is a species of deep-sea fish in the family Macrouridae.
Stomias boa, also known as the boa dragonfish, scaly dragonfish, dragon-boa or boa scaly dragonfish, is a species of deep-sea fish in the family Stomiidae. It is found at great depths worldwide in tropical to temperate oceans but is absent from the northern Pacific and northwest Atlantic Oceans.
The spiny scorpionfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
The rough abyssal grenadier is a species of deep-sea grenadier fish in the family Macrouridae. First described as a separate species in 1974, the rough abyssal grenadier was historically confused with its congener, Coryphaenoides armatus. Unlike C. armatus, which has been recorded in the waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Southern oceans, observations of C. yaquinae have been confined exclusively to the Pacific ocean. C. yaquinae tends to inhabit abyssopelagic depths between 3,400 and 5,800 meters. However, observations of C. yaquinae have been made as deep as 7,000 meters (23,000 ft) below sea level.
The white-spotted lantern fish, also called Rafinesque's lanternfish, is a species of fish in the family Myctophidae.
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