The Cladoniaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. It is one of the largest families of lichen-forming fungi, with about 560 species distributed amongst 17 genera. The reindeer moss and cup lichens (Cladonia) belong to this family. The latter genus, which comprises about 500 species, forms a major part of the diet of large mammals in taiga and tundra ecosystems. Many Cladoniaceae lichens grow on soil, but other can use decaying wood, tree trunks, and, in a few instances, rocks as their substrate. They grow in places with high humidity, and cannot tolerate aridity.
Eurotiomycetes is a large class of ascomycetes with cleistothecial ascocarps within the subphylum Pezizomycotina, currently containing around 3810 species according to the Catalogue of Life. It is the third largest lichenized class, with more than 1200 lichen species that are mostly bitunicate in the formation of asci. It contains most of the fungi previously known morphologically as "Plectomycetes".
Neolecta is a genus of ascomycetous fungi that have fruiting bodies in the shape of unbranched to lobed bright yellowish, orangish to pale yellow-green colored, club-shaped, smooth, fleshy columns up to about 7 cm tall. The species share the English designation "Earth tongues" along with some better-known fungi with a similar general form, but in fact they are only distantly related.
Verrucariaceae is a family of lichens and a few non-lichenised fungi in the order Verrucariales. The lichens have a wide variety of thallus forms, from crustose (crust-like) to foliose (bushy) and squamulose (scaly). Most of them grow on land, some in freshwater and a few in the sea. Many are free-living but there are some species that are parasites on other lichens, while one marine species always lives together with a leafy green alga.
Thelenidia is a genus of lichenized fungi in the division Ascomycota. As of November 2022, it had not been placed into a specific family, class or class, and its relationship to other Ascomycota genera remains uncertain. A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Thelenidia monosporella.
Allophoron is a genus of fungi in the division Ascomycota. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the division is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single lichen species Allophoron farinosum, found in Colombia. The genus and species were described as new in 1942 by Czech lichenologist Josef Nádvorník.
Antimanoa is a fungal genus in the division Ascomycota. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the division is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Antimanoa grisleae, originally collected from Venezuela. The genus and species were described as new to science in 1930 by German mycologist Hans Sydow.
Bresadolina is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Bresadolina stellaris.
Diehliomyces is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Diehliomyces microsporus.
Gallaicolichen is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Gallaicolichen pacificus.
Harmandiana is a fungal genus in the division Ascomycota. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Harmandiana vouauxii.
Heuflera is a fungal genus in the division Ascomycota.
Ludwigomyces is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Ludwigomyces parasiticus.
Ochrosphaera is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Ochrosphaera meliolae.
Roeslerina is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family.
Meliolaster is a genus of fungi in the Asterinaceae family. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any order.
Parasterinopsis is a genus of fungi in the Asterinaceae family. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any order.
Uleothyrium is a genus of fungi in the Asterinaceae family. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any order.
Sachsia is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum and Saccharomycetales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown, and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family.
André Aptroot is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist.
