| Metania | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Porifera |
| Class: | Demospongiae |
| Order: | Spongillida |
| Family: | Metaniidae |
| Genus: | Metania Gray, 1867 |
Metania is a genus of sponges in the family Metaniidae. [1] [2]
The species of this genus are found in Malesia and Australia. [2]
Metania contains the following species: [1] [2]
Alopoglossus is a genus of lizards in the monogeneric family Alopoglossidae. The genus is distributed from Costa Rica in Central America to northern South America.
Otocinclus is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae native to South America, commonly known as "dwarf suckers" or "otos". This genus, like other loricariids, is characterized by rows of armour plating covering the body, as well as the underslung suckermouth. They are generally small in size; O. tapirape is the smallest of the species (2.4 cm), while O. flexilis is the biggest (5.5 cm). These species have adaptations that allow them to breathe air. A duct forms at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach and expands into an enlarged, ring-like diverticulum, characteristic of this genus, which allows air-breathing. Otocinclus are popular aquarium fish, and they are often purchased as algae eaters. It is difficult to breed them in captivity, and only wild caught Otocinclus are available to hobbyists. This genus is widely distributed east of the Andes of South America, throughout the lowlands from northern Venezuela to northern Argentina, but are generally absent from the Amazon and the Orinoco lowlands.
Melanophryniscus is a genus of toads in the family Bufonidae. They are found in northern half of Argentina, southern Bolivia, southern Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Common name South American redbelly toads has been coined for them.
The saddleback toads (Brachycephalus) are a genus of tiny toads and frogs in the family Brachycephalidae in the order Anura, ranging from south Bahia to Santa Catarina in southeastern Brazil. The genus includes two main groups, the often brightly coloured pumpkin toadlets, and the overall brown and more frog-like flea frogs, which once were placed in their own genus Psyllophryne. Some pumpkin toadlets are toxic and their often bright colours are considered aposematic. At about 1 cm (0.4 in) or less in snout–vent length, the flea frogs are some of the smallest frogs in the world.
Dendropsophus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are distributed in Central and South America, from southern Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay. They are sometimes known under the common name Fitzinger neotropical treefrogs or yellow treefrogs
Hylodes is a genus of frogs in the family Hylodidae. The genus may be paraphyletic with respect to Megaelosia. The genus Hylodes is endemic to southeastern Brazil. Member species are also known commonly as the tree toads, or more ambiguously, as torrent frogs. They are diurnal and usually inhabit shallow mountain streams.
Caririemys is an extinct genus of side-necked turtles, belonging to the Pelomedusoides of the family Euraxemydidae. The type species is C. violetae. A single fossil of an individual was found in the Santana Formation in Brazil, an 80-million-year-old Late Cretaceous deposit that has so far preserved other fossil reptiles such as dinosaurs and crocodilians.
Spongilidae is a family of sponges that live in freshwater lakes and rivers. The following genera are recognized in the family:
Racekiela is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Spongillidae.
Lapa dos Brejões is a complex of caverns formed in Neoproterozoic limestones of the Una Group of caves along the Jacaré river, northeast side of the Irecê sedimentary basin. It is located in the northern portion of the Chapada Diamantina - Polígono das Secas, in the north central part of the State of Bahia, about 500 km (310 mi) from the capital Salvador, Brazil. According to local people, the Lapa dos Brejões was discovered in 1877, but the first discoveries inside the cave were published only in 1938 by Father Camilo Torrendt.
Potamolepidae is a family of freshwater sponges, with seven genera:
Metaniidae is a family of freshwater sponges, with five genera and 27 species:
Palaeospongillidae is a family of extinct sponges with three genera and three species:
Anheteromeyenia is a genus of freshwater sponge. It has been recorded in the Nearctic, the Neotropics. This taxon was initially a subgenus of Heteromeyenia when K. Schöder circumscribed it in 1927, but W. M. de Laubenfels made it a genus in its own right in 1936.
Heteromeyenia is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Spongillidae.
Sanidastra is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Spongillidae.
Potamophloios is a genus of freshwater sponges within the family Potamolepidae.
Drulia is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Metaniidae.
Corvomeyenia is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Metaniidae.