An agar plate is a Petri dish that contains a growth medium solidified with agar, used to culture microorganisms. Sometimes selective compounds are added to influence growth, such as antibiotics.
Candida is a genus of yeasts. It is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide and the largest genus of medically important yeasts.
Candida parapsilosis is a fungal species of yeast that has become a significant cause of sepsis and of wound and tissue infections in immunocompromised people. Unlike Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis, C. parapsilosis is not an obligate human pathogen, having been isolated from nonhuman sources such as domestic animals, insects and soil. C. parapsilosis is also a normal human commensal and it is one of the fungi most frequently isolated from human hands. There are several risk factors that can contribute to C. parapsilosis colonization. Immunocompromised individuals and surgical patients, particularly those undergoing surgery of the gastrointestinal tract, are at high risk for infection with C. parapsilosis. There is currently no consensus on the treatment of invasive candidiasis caused by C. parapsilosis, although the therapeutic approach typically includes the removal of foreign bodies such as implanted prostheses and the administration of systemic antifungal therapy. amphotericin B and fluconazole are often used in the treatment of C. parapsilosis infection.
Pichia kudriavzevii is a budding yeast involved in chocolate production. P. kudriavzevii is an emerging fungal nosocomial pathogen primarily found in the immunocompromised and those with hematological malignancies. It has natural resistance to fluconazole, a standard antifungal agent. It is most often found in patients who have had prior fluconazole exposure, sparking debate and conflicting evidence as to whether fluconazole should be used prophylactically. Mortality due to P. kudriavzevii fungemia is much higher than the more common C. albicans. Other Candida species that also fit this profile are C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. guillermondii and C. rugosa.
Saccharomycotina is a subdivision (subphylum) of the division (phylum) Ascomycota in the kingdom Fungi. It comprises most of the ascomycete yeasts. The members of Saccharomycotina reproduce by budding and they do not produce ascocarps.
Potato dextrose agar and potato dextrose broth are common microbiological growth media made from potato infusion and dextrose. Potato dextrose agar is the most widely used medium for growing fungi and bacteria.
Sabouraud agar or Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) is a type of agar growth medium containing peptones. It is used to cultivate dermatophytes and other types of fungi, and can also grow filamentous bacteria such as Nocardia. It has utility for research and clinical care.
Candida blankii is a species of budding yeast (Saccharomycotina) in the family Saccharomycetaceae. The yeast may be a dangerous pathogen and resistant to treatment in human hosts. Research on the fungi has therapeutic, medical and industrial implications.
Candida keroseneae is a species of yeast in the genus Candida, family Saccharomycetaceae. Described as new to science in 2011, it was isolated from aviation fuel.
Hanseniaspora guilliermondii is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. In its anamorph form, it is called Kloeckera apis.
Candida tropicalis is a species of yeast in the genus Candida. It is a common pathogen in neutropenic hosts, in whom it may spread through the bloodstream to peripheral organs. For invasive disease, treatments include amphotericin B, echinocandins, or extended-spectrum triazole antifungals.
Naganishia albida is a species of fungus in the family Filobasidiaceae. It is currently only known from its yeast state. The species was originally isolated from the air in Japan, and has subsequently been isolated from dry moss in Portugal, grasshoppers in Portugal, and tubercular lungs.
Hanseniaspora clermontiae is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. It was first isolated from stem rot occurring in a lobelioid plant in Hawaii, and may be endemic to the Hawaiian Islands.
Hanseniaspora lachancei is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. It is associated with fermenting agave juice and a tequila production facility in Mexico.
Hanseniaspora opuntiae is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. It has been isolated from locations worldwide, on grape berries and on prickly pear cacti.
Hanseniaspora meyeri is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. Samples of the species have been obtained worldwide from flowers, fruit flies, stem rot, and spoiled grape punch.
Hanseniaspora gamundiae is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycodaceae. It has been isolated from the fruiting bodies of Cyttaria hariotii mushrooms in Patagonia and is likely responsible for the early stages of fermentation of an alcoholic chicha produced from the mushrooms.
Hanseniaspora osmophila is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. It is found in soil and among the bark, leaves, and fruits of plants, as well as fermented foods and beverages made from fruit.
Hanseniaspora pseudoguilliermondii is a species of yeast in the family Saccharomycetaceae. Originally isolated from orange juice concentrate, it has been found on fruit and fruit juices in locations around the world. It has also been observed forming hybrids with Hanseniaspora opuntiae.
Trichosporon asahii is a non-Candida yeast that has been reported to cause infections in immunocompromised patients. T. asahii is the most prominent human pathogen in its genus, causing more than half of all Trichosporon infections. First discovered and named in 1929, The currently accepted nomenclature of T. asahii was validated in 1994.
