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Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.
Portunidae is a family of crabs which contains the swimming crabs.
Majidae is a family of crabs, comprising around 200 marine species inside 52 genera, with a carapace that is longer than it is broad, and which forms a point at the front. The legs can be very long in some species, leading to the name "spider crab". The exoskeleton is covered with bristles to which the crab attaches algae and other items to act as camouflage.
Parthenopidae is a family of crabs, placed in its own superfamily, Parthenopoidea. It comprises nearly 40 genera, divided into two subfamilies, with three genera incertae sedis:
Calappidae is a family of crabs containing 16 genera, of which 7 are only known as fossils:
Herbstia is a genus of crabs, containing the following eleven species:
Dairoidea is a superfamily of crabs, comprising two families which each contain a single genus: Dairidae and Dacryopilumnidae (Dacryopilumnus) .
Epialtinae is a subfamily of crabs, containing the following genera:
The bathyal swimming crab, Bathynectes longispina, is a species of crab in the family Polybiidae.
Pachygrapsus is a genus of small shore crabs. Recent genetic data suggest this genus to be possibly polyphyletic.
Leucosiidae is a family of crabs containing three subfamilies and a number of genera incertae sedis:
Platyactaea is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Cataleptodius is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Lachnopodus is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing the following species:
Melybia thalamita is a species of crab in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Melybia. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean, from Florida and the Gulf of Mexico south to São Paulo, Brazil, at depths of 10–200 metres (33–656 ft).
Micropanope is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the following species:
Paraxanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing one exclusively fossil species and the following extant species:
Pyromaia cuspidata, also known as the dartnose pear crab, is a species of crab in the family Inachoididae. This crab appears similar to Anasimus latus. It is a long-legged crab with a trident-shaped rostrum, and occurs in Atlantic waters from North Carolina to west Florida, and in the Gulf of Mexico through the Yucatán Peninsula down to Nicaragua. It is also found in Cuban waters. This species lives in depths of 27–549 metres (89–1,801 ft) on bottoms of mud, sand, or pebbles.
Inachoididae is a family of crabs originally erected by James Dwight Dana in 1852. It was not recognised as a valid family until the early 1980s. Its members closely resemble those of the family Inachidae, and the Inachoididae could be recognised as a subfamily of that family.
Mithraculus cinctimanus is a species of crab in the family Majidae. It is found in the Caribbean region and is usually associated with a sea anemone, sponge or coral.
References
- ↑ Peter K. L. Ng; Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology . 17: 1–286. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-06.
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