| Microglossum viride | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Microglossum viride | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Leotiomycetes |
| Order: | Leotiales |
| Family: | Leotiaceae |
| Genus: | Microglossum |
| Species: | M. viride |
| Binomial name | |
| Microglossum viride (Pers.) Gillet 1879 | |
Microglossum viride is a species of fungus in the family Leotiaceae. They are commonly called green earth tongues.
The word Microglossum comes from the Greek words mikrós + glōssa, and literally means "small tongue". The species epithet, viride, comes from the Latin viridis for "green."
Microglossum viride was described by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1797 as Geoglossum viride. In 1879 it was moved into the genus Microglossum .
Collections of green Microglossum with scaly stipe had been commonly called M. viride. In 2014 morphological and molecular data revealed another taxon hidden under this name that was segregated and described as new, i.e. Microglossum griseoviride (its epithet meaning "grey-green"). Aside of microscopic characters like spore size, they are distinct also macroscopically – true M. viride has yellow to olive colour and prefers wet habitats (e.g. on wet ground around brooks, often among hepatics) whereas M. griseoviride has colder colours, greyish green to bluegreen and grows far from water in litter from broad-leaved trees. [1] There is also a group of green to bluegreen species around Microglossum nudipes that have stipe without scales and can be usually found on grasslands and pastures. As of 2018, ongoing research of their diversity resulted in five new species being recently described from Europe. [2] [3]
Microglossum viride species are found in woodlands in North America, Australia and Europe.
Lactarius deliciosus, commonly known as the delicious milk cap, saffron milk cap and red pine mushroom, is one of the best known members of the large milk-cap genus Lactarius in the order Russulales. It is native to Europe, but has been accidentally introduced to other countries along with pine trees, with which the fungus is symbiotic.
Leucopaxillus gentianeus is a bitter-tasting, inedible mushroom commonly known as the bitter false funnelcap, or the bitter brown leucopaxillus. A common synonym is Leucopaxillus amarus. The bitter taste is caused by a triterpene called cucurbitacin B. The species was first described in 1873 as Clitocybe gentianea by French mycologist Lucien Quélet. František Kotlaba transferred it to Leucopaxillus in 1966.
Geoglossaceae is a family of fungi in the order Geoglossales, class Geoglossomycetes. These fungi are broadly known as earth tongues. The ascocarps of most species in the family Geoglossaceae are terrestrial and are generally small, dark in color, and club-shaped with a height of 2–8 cm. The ascospores are typically light-brown to dark-brown and are often multiseptate. Other species of fungi have been known to parasitize ascocarps. The use of a compound microscope is needed for accurate identification.
Meruliopsis is a genus of poroid crust fungi. The genus was circumscribed by Russian mycologist Appollinaris Semenovich Bondartsev in 1959.
Pseudoplectania is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The genus contains 12 species. Pseudoplectania ryvardenii was described in 2012, while Pseudoplectania carranzae was transferred to the genus in 2013.
Tubifera is a genus of slime moulds from the subclass Myxogastria. The genus comprises 12 species.
Loweomyces is a genus of six species of poroid fungi in the family Steccherinaceae.
Tricholoma saponaceum, also known as the soap-scented toadstool, soapy tricholoma, soapy knight or soap tricholoma is an inedible mushroom found in woodlands in Europe and North America.
Porpolomopsis calyptriformis, commonly known as the pink wax cap, ballerina waxcap or salmon waxy cap, is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. A similar but as yet unnamed species occurs in North America.
The Magnaporthaceae are a family of fungi in the order Magnaporthales. It was circumscribed by Paul F. Cannon in 1994 for a group of grass-associated fungi centered on Magnaporthe (Nakataea). Magnaporthaceae have a harpophora-like asexual morphology and are often associated with roots of grasses or cereals.
Cantharellus flavus, also called the American golden chanterelle, Eastern yellow chanterelle or Midwestern yellow chanterelle, is a species of fungus in the genus Cantharellus. Found in North America, it is an edible mushroom.
Trichoglossum hirsutum is a species of fungus in the family Geoglossaceae. In the UK, it has been given the recommended English name of hairy earthtongue. In North America it is known variously as velvety black earth tongue, velvety earth tongue, shaggy earth tongue, or black earth tongue. DNA evidence suggests the hairy earthtongue may be a species complex.
Geoglossum is a genus of fungi in the family Geoglossaceae. They are commonly called earth tongues. The type species is Geoglossum glabrum. Geoglossum species are distinguished from the related genus Trichoglossum by the lack of setae on the spore bearing surface. Geoglossum species are characterized by dark, club-shaped, terrestrial ascocarps with a fertile hymenium continuing downward from the apex of the ascocarp along the stipe, eventually intergrading with a sterile stipe. The ascospores of Geoglossum range from translucent to dark brown, and are fusiform, and multiseptate. Identification of species is based on the gross morphology of the ascocarp, color and septation of the ascospores, and shape and ornamentation of the paraphyses.
Glutinoglossum glutinosum, commonly known as the viscid black earth tongue or the glutinous earthtongue, is a species of fungus in the family Geoglossaceae. Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, it has been found in northern Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. Although previously thought to exist in Australasia, collections made from these locations have since been referred to new species. G. glutinosum is a saprophytic species that grows on soil in moss or in grassy areas. The smooth, nearly black, club-shaped fruitbodies grow to heights ranging from 1.5 to 5 cm. The head is up to 0.7 cm (0.3 in) long, and the stipes are sticky. Several other black earth tongue species are quite similar in external appearance, and many can be reliably distinguished only by examining differences in microscopic characteristics, such as spores, asci, and paraphyses. First described in 1796 as a species of Geoglossum, the fungus has gone through several changes of genera in its taxonomic history. It was placed in its current genus, Glutinoglossum, in 2013.
Microglossum is a genus of fungi in the family Leotiaceae. Ascocarps occur in soil and resemble earth tongues, but are microscopically distinct. Microglossum atropurpureum, a species typical of waxcap grassland in Europe, is of global conservation concern and is listed as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Ophiostoma breviusculum is a species of fungus in the family Ophiostomataceae, associated with bark beetles infesting larch in Japan. It belongs in the Ophiostoma piceae complex. It was also found in insect galleries of Larix kaempferi. The length of its perithecial necks and synnemata are shorter than in O. piceae. The synnemata also differ from the latter morphologically.
Aureoboletus betula is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Boletaceae. It is commonly known as the shaggy stalked bolete.
Metarhizium granulomatis is a fungus in the family Clavicipitaceae associated with systemic mycosis in veiled chameleons. The genus Metarhizium is known to infect arthropods, and collectively are referred to green-spored asexual pathogenic fungi. This species grows near the roots of plants and has been reported as an agent of disease in captive veiled chameleons. The etymology of the species epithet, "granulomatis" refers to the ability of the fungus to cause granulomatous disease in susceptible reptiles.
The Herpomycetales is an order of fungi within the class Laboulbeniomycetes. The order includes a single dioecious genus, Herpomyces, with 27 accepted species of obligate ectoparasites that are associated exclusively with cockroaches. Like the Laboulbeniales order, they produce cellular thalli. However, the thalli of Herpomyces are developmentally and morphologically unique.
Mycena indigotica is a species of fungus. It was described for the first time in 2018 by Chia Ling Wei and Roland Kirschner after its discovery on the North-western Pacific Island of Taiwan. The genus Mycena is most famous for containing the majority of described bioluminescent fungi. However, M. indigotica is one of the many non-bioluminescent species within the genus. Nonetheless, this mushroom is aesthetically striking, with a petite and novel morphology.
Microglossum viride | |
|---|---|
 | Smooth hymenium |
 | No distinct cap |
 | Hymenium attachment is irregular or not applicable |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |