Costa Rica is located on the Central American Isthmus, surrounding the point 10° north of the equator and 84° west of the prime meridian. It has 212 km of Caribbean Sea coastline and 1,016 on the North Pacific Ocean.
Couroupita is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae first described as a genus in 1775. It is native to tropical South America and Central America.
- Couroupita guianensis - Cannonball tree -Guyana, Colombia, Ecuador east to Amapá and south to Bolivia; naturalized in the West Indies as well as in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Andaman & Nicobar
- Couroupita nicaraguarensis – Bala de cañón, coco de mono, paraíso, zapote de mico, or zapote de mono -Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama
- Couroupita subsessilis - northern Brazil, northern Peru
Vismia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae. Members of the genus are small trees and shrubs found in tropical and subtropical areas of Central America and South America. Including the countries of Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago and Venezuela.
Phassus is a genus of moths of the family Hepialidae. There are 21 described species distributed from Mexico south to Brazil.
Maquenque Wildlife Refuge, is a protected area in Costa Rica, managed under the Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area, it was created in 2005 by decree 32405-MINAE.
Sidusa is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1895.
Güeppi-Sekime National Park is a protected area located in the Peruvian region of Loreto, on the border with Ecuador. The park encompasses 203,628.51 hectares (2,036 km2) of forests in a landscape that features hills and seasonally flooded lowlands.
Asplundia is a genus of plants belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. They are distributed in the Neotropical realm from southern Mexico to southern Brazil.
Couratari guianensis, the fine-leaf wadara, cachimbo caspi, cachimbo, capa de tabaco, coco cabuyo, or tauari, is a species of woody plant in the family Lecythidaceae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Ichigkat Muja – Cordillera del Condor National Park is a protected area in Peru located in the region of Amazonas. It protects part of the Eastern Andes forests at the Cordillera del Condor mountain range.
Tortuguero National Park is a national park in the Limón Province of Costa Rica. It is situated within the Tortuguero Conservation Area of the northeastern part of the country. Despite its remote location, reachable only by airplane or boat, it is the third-most visited park in Costa Rica. The park has a large variety of biological diversity due to the existence within the reserve of eleven different habitats, including rainforest, mangrove forests, swamps, beaches, and lagoons. Located in a tropical climate, it is very humid, and receives up to 250 inches (6,400 mm) of rain a year.
Gymnosiphon (yellowseed) is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants from the yam order. Like most of the other members of the family in which the plant is placed (Burmanniaceae), Gymnosiphon is entirely myco-heterotrophic genus that does not contain chlorophyll and respectively does not perform photosynthesis.
Lecythis ampla is a species of woody plant in the family Lecythidaceae, which also includes the Brazil nut. Common names include coco, olla de mono, jicaro and salero. It is found in Central and South America. It has been considered an endangered species in Costa Rica.
Carapichea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to Central America and northern South America from Nicaragua to Brazil. One species, Carapichea ipecacuanha, is used medicinally as the source of ipecac, a powerful emetic.
Angela guianensis is a species of praying mantis from the genus Angela of the family Mantidae. It was first described by the entomologist Rehn in 1906.
Macoubea is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1775. It is native to South America and Central America.
Simaba is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Simaroubaceae.
Lichexanthone is an organic compound in the structural class of chemicals known as xanthones. Lichexanthone was first isolated and identified by Japanese chemists from a species of leafy lichen in the 1940s. The compound is known to occur in many lichens, and it is important of the taxonomy of species in several genera, such as Pertusaria and Pyxine. More than a dozen lichen species have a variation of the word lichexanthone incorporated as part of their binomial name. The presence of lichexanthone in lichens causes them to fluoresce a greenish-yellow colour when shone with a long-wavelength UV light; this feature is used to help identify some species. Lichexanthone is also found in several plants, and some species of fungi that do not form lichens.
Haematomma fluorescens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Haematommataceae. Found in the neotropics, it was formally described as a new species in 1995 by lichenologists Klaus Kalb and Bettina Staiger. The type specimen was collected in the cordillera of Piribebuy in Paraguay; here it was found growing on the bark of Cinchona. The specific epithet refers to the fluorescence observed when the lichen is shone with a UV light; this is caused by the secondary compound known as lichexanthone. This compound readily distinguishes it from other members of Haematomma. The lichen also contains russulone. The variety Haematomma fluorescens var. longisporum, found in Costa Rica, was proposed in 2006. It differs from the nominal variety in having long ascospores that are 18–20 times as long as broad and in the number of septa (13–27). Haematomma fluorescens has been reported to occur in Costa Rica, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Venezuela.
Cupania cinerea is a plant species in the family Sapindaceae. It was described as a new species in 1843 by German botanist Eduard Friedrich Poeppig. The plant is native to South America and Central America.
