Monster (2003 film)

Last updated

Monster
Monster (2003 poster).png
Theatrical release poster
Directed by Patty Jenkins
Written byPatty Jenkins
Produced by
Starring
Cinematography Steven Bernstein
Edited by
Music by BT
Production
companies
Distributed by Newmarket Films
Release dates
  • November 16, 2003 (2003-11-16)(AFI Fest)
  • December 24, 2003 (2003-12-24)(United States)
Running time
109 minutes
CountryUnited States [1] [2]
LanguageEnglish
Budget$1.5 million [3] [4]
Box office$64.2 million [5]

Monster is a 2003 American biographical crime drama film written and directed by Patty Jenkins in her feature directorial debut. The film follows serial killer Aileen Wuornos, a street prostitute who murdered seven of her male clients between 1989 and 1990 and was executed in Florida in 2002. It stars Charlize Theron (who also produced) as Wuornos, and Christina Ricci as her semi-fictionalized lover, Selby Wall (based on Wuornos's real-life girlfriend, Tyria Moore).

Contents

Monster had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 16, 2003. On February 8, 2004, it premiered at the 54th Berlin International Film Festival, where it competed for the Golden Bear, while Theron won the Silver Bear for Best Actress. The film was theatrically released in the United States on December 24, 2003, by Newmarket Films. [6] [7] Monster received positive reviews from critics and achieved box office success, grossing $64.2 million on an $1.5 million budget.

The film received numerous awards and nominations, particularly for Theron's performance, including the Academy Award for Best Actress, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Drama, the SAG Award for Outstanding Lead Actress, the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress, the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead, and also the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Feature (Patty Jenkins). Theron's acting has received critical acclaim; film critic Roger Ebert called Theron's role "one of the greatest performances in the history of the cinema". [8] The film was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten films of 2003.

Plot

In 1989, after moving from Michigan to Daytona Beach, Florida, and on the verge of committing suicide, street prostitute Aileen Wuornos meets another woman named Selby Wall in a gay bar. Although she is initially hostile and declares that she is not gay, Aileen talks to Selby while drinking beer. Selby takes to Aileen almost immediately, as she likes that she is very protective of her. Selby invites Aileen to spend the night with her. The two women return to the house where Selby is staying (temporarily exiled by her parents following the accusation from another girl that Selby tried to kiss her). They later agree to meet at a roller skating rink, and they kiss for the first time. Aileen and Selby fall in love, but they have nowhere to go, so Selby goes back to her aunt's home.

After being brutally raped and beaten by a client, Vincent Corey, Aileen kills him in self-defense and decides to quit prostitution. She confesses her actions to Selby, who has been angry with her for her failure to support both of them. Aileen decides to find qualified work, but because of her lack of an education and work experience, potential employers reject her. Desperate for money, Aileen returns to prostitution. She robs and kills her johns, each killed in a more brutal way than the last, as she is convinced that they are all trying to rape her. She spares one man out of pity when he admits he has never had sex with a prostitute. She also shows a predisposition to spare another man who, instead of exploiting her, offers help, but finds herself forced to shoot him after he spots her gun. Aileen uses the money she stole from her victims to support Selby and herself.

However, Selby reads in the newspapers about the string of murders, and she begins to suspect that Aileen may have committed them. She confronts Aileen, who justifies her actions by claiming she had only been protecting herself. Selby returns to Ohio on a charter bus. The night of her arrest, Aileen is approached at the biker bar she frequents by two strangers, who unbeknownst to her are bounty hunters. Thomas, whom Aileen always referred to as the only friend she had, infers the men's intentions and offers to drive her off. Aileen declines, no longer trusting herself with the well-being of anyone dear to her. The two men eventually lure Aileen out of the bar and she is promptly arrested by the police. Aileen speaks to Selby one last time while in jail. Selby reveals some incriminating information over the telephone and Aileen realizes that the police are listening in. To protect Selby, Aileen admits that she committed the murders alone. During Aileen's trial, Selby testifies against her, with Aileen's loving consent. Aileen is convicted of the murders and sentenced to death. On October 9, 2002, Aileen is executed by lethal injection.

Cast

Music

Soundtrack

Monster
Soundtrack album by
BT
ReleasedJanuary 30, 2004
Label dts Entertainment

In 2004, BT released an official soundtrack to the film. [9] Included with the release is a DVD featuring all fifteen original cues, and an additional nine cues that would not fit on the CD, as well as an interview with BT and Patty Jenkins, and remix files for "Ferris Wheel".

All music is composed by BT.

Songs

Songs which appeared in the film, but not on the official soundtrack: [10]

Reception

Critical response

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 82%, based on 190 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The site's critical consensus states: "Charlize Theron gives a searing, deglamorized performance as real life serial killer Aileen Wuornos in Monster, an intense, disquieting portrait of a profoundly damaged soul." [11] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 74 out of 100, based on 40 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". [12]

Monster received generally positive reviews from critics; most gave overwhelmingly high praise to Theron's performance as a mentally unstable woman [13] – Wuornos had antisocial personality disorder and borderline personality disorder. [14] For the role, Theron gained 30 pounds (14 kg), shaved her eyebrows, and wore prosthetic teeth. [15] Critics called her performance, and her makeup, a "transformation". [11] Film critic Roger Ebert named Monster ″the best film of the year″, gave it four stars out of four, and noted that Theron's role is "one of the greatest performances in the history of the cinema": [8]

Observe the way Theron controls her eyes in the film; there is not a flicker of inattention, as she urgently communicates what she is feeling and thinking [...] Aileen's body language is frightening and fascinating. She doesn't know how to occupy her body. Watch Theron as she goes through a repertory of little arm straightenings and body adjustments and head tosses and hair touchings, as she nervously tries to shake out her nervousness and look at ease. Observe her smoking technique; she handles her cigarettes with the self-conscious bravado of a 13-year-old trying to impress a kid. And note that there is only one moment in the movie where she seems relaxed and at peace with herself.

Roger Ebert; January 1, 2004

In 2009, Ebert named it the third-best film of the decade. [16] Ricci's performance also drew some praise, but was not without criticism. In his review for the film, Ebert praised her performance, stating "Christina Ricci finds the right note for Selby Wall – so correct some critics have mistaken it for bad acting, when in fact it is sublime acting in its portrayal of a bad actor. She plays Selby as clueless, dim, in over her head, picking up cues from moment to moment, cobbling her behavior out of notions borrowed from bad movies, old songs, and barroom romances". [8]

However, several people who knew Wuornos criticized the movie for portraying her as a victim and her victims as villains. [17] [18]

In culture

In 2005, a reference to Monster appeared in the series Arrested Development . Charlize Theron plays the role of Rita in the series, and in the episode ″The Ocean Walker″, a frame from Monster appears on the screen with the clarification that this is a photo of Rita a year ago before the plastic surgery. [19] [20] [21]

In 2014, on Saturday Night Live , Charlize Theron made a self-reference to her role of Aileen Wuornos. [22] In the sketch Pet Rescue Commercial, Kate McKinnon asked her to play a cat lady, whose image and behavior are based on Wuornos from Monster. [22] [23]

In 2018, comedian Willam released his third album with the song "Aileen" and the music video for the song, which are dedicated to Wuornos and this film. [24] [25]

Accolades

YearAward/FestivalCategoryRecipientResult
2004 Academy Awards Best Actress Charlize Theron Won
2004 Golden Globe Awards Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama Charlize TheronWon
2005 BAFTA Awards Best Actress in a Leading Role Charlize TheronNominated
2004 Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role Charlize TheronWon
2004 American Film Institute Awards Top Ten Films of the Year MonsterWon
2003Awards Circuit Community AwardsBest Actress in a Leading RoleCharlize TheronWon
2012Best Actress of the DecadeCharlize TheronWon
2004 Berlin International Film Festival Golden Bear Patty Jenkins Nominated
Silver Bear for Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2004 Casting Society of America Best Casting for Feature Film, IndependentFerne Cassel, Kimberly MullenWon
2004Central Ohio Film Critics AssociationBest ActressCharlize TheronWon
2004 Chicago Film Critics Association Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2004 Critics' Choice Movie Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2004 Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2004 Edgar Allan Poe Awards Best Motion Picture Screenplay Patty JenkinsNominated
2005 GLAAD Media Awards Outstanding Film – Wide Release Patty JenkinsNominated
2004 Gold Derby Awards Lead ActressCharlize TheronWon
2010Lead Actress of the DecadeCharlize TheronWon
2003 Golden Schmoes Awards Best Actress of the YearCharlize TheronWon
2004 Golden Trailer Awards Best Voice OverMonsterNominated
2004 Independent Spirit Awards Best First Feature Patty JenkinsWon
Best First Screenplay Patty JenkinsNominated
Best Female Lead Charlize TheronWon
2004 International Cinephile Society Awards Best ActressCharlize TheronNominated
2004 International Horror Guild Awards Best MoviePatty JenkinsNominated
2004International Online Cinema AwardsBest ActressCharlize TheronNominated
Best Makeup and HairstylingMonsterNominated
2010 International Online Film Critics' Poll Best Actress of the DecadeCharlize TheronWon
2004Iowa Film Critics AwardsBest Movie Yet to Open in IowaPatty JenkinsWon
2004 Irish Film and Television Awards Best International ActressCharlize TheronNominated
2005Italian Online Movie AwardsBest ActressCharlize TheronNominated
Best MakeupMonsterNominated
2004Las Vegas Film Critics Society AwardsBest ActressCharlize TheronWon
Best ScreenplayPatty JenkinsNominated
Best Supporting Actress Christina Ricci Nominated
2005 London Film Critics Circle Awards Actress of the YearCharlize TheronNominated
2004 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards Best ActressCharlize TheronNominated
2004 MTV Movie Awards Best Female Performance Charlize TheronNominated
Best Kiss Charlize Theron and Christina RicciNominated
2003 National Board of Review Awards Breakthrough Performance by an Actress Charlize TheronWon
2004 National Society of Film Critics Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2003 New York Film Critics Circle Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronNominated
2003 New York Film Critics Online Awards Best ActressCharlize TheronWon
2004Online Film & Television AssociationBest ActressCharlize TheronWon
Best Makeup and HairstylingMonsterNominated
2004 Online Film Critics Society Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronNominated
2005 Robert Awards Best American Film Patty JenkinsNominated
2003 San Francisco Film Critics Circle Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2004 Santa Barbara International Film Festival Outstanding Performer of the YearCharlize TheronWon
2004 Satellite Awards Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama Charlize TheronWon
2003 Seattle Film Critics Awards Best ActressCharlize TheronNominated
2003Utah Film Critics Association AwardsBest ActressCharlize TheronWon
2004 Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards Best Actress Charlize TheronWon
2003 Village Voice Film Poll Best PerformanceCharlize TheronNominated

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charlize Theron</span> South African and American actress (born 1975)

Charlize Theron is a South African and American actress and producer. One of the world's highest-paid actresses, she is the recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award. In 2016, Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world.

<i>Whale Rider</i> 2002 film by Niki Caro

Whale Rider is a 2002 New Zealand drama film written and directed by Niki Caro. Based on the 1987 novel The Whale Rider by Witi Ihimaera, the film stars Keisha Castle-Hughes as Kahu Paikea Apirana, a twelve-year-old Māori girl whose ambition is to become the chief of the tribe. Her grandfather believes that this is a role reserved for males only.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aileen Wuornos</span> American serial killer (1956–2002)

Aileen Carol Wuornos was an American serial killer. In 1989–1990, while engaging in street prostitution along highways in Florida, she shot dead and robbed seven of her male clients. Wuornos claimed that her clients had either raped or attempted to rape her, and that the homicides of the men were committed in self-defense. Wuornos was sentenced to death for six of the murders. She was executed on October 9, 2002, by lethal injection after spending more than 10 years on Florida's death row.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christina Ricci</span> American actress (born 1980)

Christina Ricci is an American actress. Known for playing unusual characters with a dark edge, Ricci works mostly in independent productions, but has also appeared in numerous box-office hits. She is the recipient of Golden Globe, Screen Actors Guild, and Primetime Emmy Award nominations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frances McDormand</span> American actress and producer

Frances Louise McDormand is an American actress and producer. In a career spanning over four decades, she has gained acclaim for her roles in small-budget independent films. McDormand has received numerous accolades, including four Academy Awards, two Emmy Awards, and one Tony Award, making her one of the few performers to achieve the "Triple Crown of Acting". Additionally, she has received three BAFTAs and two Golden Globe Awards. McDormand's net worth is estimated as $100 million, and her worldwide box office gross exceeds $2.2 billion.

<i>Sweet November</i> (2001 film) 2001 film by Pat OConnor

Sweet November is a 2001 American romantic drama film based in San Francisco directed by Pat O'Connor and starring Keanu Reeves and Charlize Theron. The film is loosely based on the 1968 film Sweet November written by Herman Raucher, which starred Anthony Newley and Sandy Dennis; with some differences in plot.

<i>Aileen Wuornos: The Selling of a Serial Killer</i> 1992 documentary film by Nick Broomfield

Aileen Wuornos: The Selling of a Serial Killer is a 1992 documentary film about Aileen Wuornos, made by Nick Broomfield. It documents Broomfield's attempts to interview Wuornos, which involves a long process of mediation through her adoptive mother, Arlene Pralle, and her lawyer, Steve Glazer.

<i>Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer</i> 2003 film

Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer is a 2003 feature-length documentary film about Aileen Wuornos, made by Nick Broomfield as a follow-up to his 1992 film Aileen Wuornos: The Selling of a Serial Killer. The film focuses on Wuornos' declining mental state and the questionable judgment to execute her despite her being of unsound mind.

<i>The Curse of the Jade Scorpion</i> 2001 American crime comedy film by Woody Allen

The Curse of the Jade Scorpion is a 2001 American crime comedy film written and directed by and starring Woody Allen. The cast also features Helen Hunt, Dan Aykroyd, Elizabeth Berkley, John Schuck, Wallace Shawn, David Ogden Stiers and Charlize Theron. The plot concerns an insurance investigator and an efficiency expert who are both hypnotized by a crooked hypnotist into stealing jewels.

<i>North Country</i> (film) 2005 film by Niki Caro

North Country is a 2005 American drama film directed by Niki Caro, starring Charlize Theron, Frances McDormand, Sean Bean, Richard Jenkins, Michelle Monaghan, Jeremy Renner, Woody Harrelson, and Sissy Spacek. The screenplay by Michael Seitzman was inspired by the 2002 book Class Action: The Story of Lois Jenson and the Landmark Case That Changed Sexual Harassment Law by Clara Bingham and Laura Leedy Gansler, which chronicled the case of Jenson v. Eveleth Taconite Company and USW Local 2705 which supported the employers efforts through the horrific events and ensuing legal battles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patty Jenkins</span> American filmmaker (born 1971)

Patricia Lea Jenkins is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. She has directed the feature films Monster (2003), Wonder Woman (2017), and Wonder Woman 1984 (2020). For the film Monster, she won the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Feature and the Franklin J. Schaffner Award of the American Film Institute (AFI). For the pilot episode of the series The Killing (2011), she received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination and the Directors Guild of America award for Best Directing in a Drama Series. In 2017, she occupied the seventh place for Time's Person of the Year.

<i>The Cider House Rules</i> (film) 1999 film by Lasse Hallström

The Cider House Rules is a 1999 American drama film directed by Lasse Hallström from a screenplay by John Irving, based on Irving's 1985 novel of the same name. Its story follows Homer Wells, who lives in a World War II–era Maine orphanage run by a doctor who trained him, and his journey after leaving the orphanage. The film stars Tobey Maguire, Charlize Theron, Delroy Lindo, Paul Rudd, Michael Caine, Jane Alexander, Kathy Baker, Kieran Culkin, Heavy D, Kate Nelligan, and Erykah Badu.

<i>Mighty Joe Young</i> (1998 film) 1998 American adventure film by Ron Underwood

Mighty Joe Young is a 1998 American epic adventure film based on the 1949 film of the same name about a giant mountain gorilla brought to a wildlife preserve in Los Angeles by a young woman who raised him, and a zoologist, to protect him from the threat of poachers until one seeks Joe out in order to take his revenge. It was directed by Ron Underwood and stars Bill Paxton, Charlize Theron, Rade Šerbedžija, Naveen Andrews, Regina King and David Paymer. Creature suit actor John Alexander plays the title character. In this version, the ape is much larger than in the original. The film received mixed reviews and grossed $50.6 million in the United States against a production budget of $90 million, making it a box-office bomb.

<i>Young Adult</i> (film) 2011 film by Jason Reitman

Young Adult is a 2011 American comedy-drama film directed by Jason Reitman, written by Diablo Cody, and starring Charlize Theron. Reitman and Cody worked together previously on Juno (2007). Young Adult began a limited release on December 9, 2011, before expanding to a wide release on December 16, 2011. It received generally positive reviews from critics, and Theron earned a Golden Globe nomination for her performance.

<i>Dark Places</i> (2015 film) 2015 film directed by Gilles Paquet-Brenner

Dark Places is a 2015 American mystery film written and directed by Gilles Paquet-Brenner, based on Gillian Flynn's 2009 novel of the same name and stars Charlize Theron, Christina Hendricks, Nicholas Hoult, and Chloë Grace Moretz.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charlize Theron filmography</span>

Charlize Theron is a South African-American actress who made her film debut in an uncredited role as a follower of a cult in the 1995 horror film Children of the Corn III: Urban Harvest. Theron followed this with appearances as a hitman’s girlfriend in 2 Days in the Valley, a waitress in the romantic comedy Trial and Error (1997), and a woman plagued with demonic visions in the mystery thriller The Devil's Advocate (1997) with Keanu Reeves and Al Pacino. She appeared in the science fiction thriller The Astronaut's Wife with Johnny Depp, and Lasse Hallström's The Cider House Rules. For her portrayal of serial killer Aileen Wuornos in the crime drama Monster (2003), Theron received the Academy Award for Best Actress, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role. The following year, she played Swedish entertainer Britt Ekland in the biographical film The Life and Death of Peter Sellers.

<i>Tully</i> (2018 film) 2018 film by Jason Reitman

Tully is a 2018 American comedy-drama film directed by Jason Reitman, written by Diablo Cody, and starring Charlize Theron, Mackenzie Davis, Ron Livingston, and Mark Duplass. The film follows the friendship between a mother of three and her night nanny. It is the third collaboration between director Jason Reitman and screenwriter Diablo Cody, following the films Juno (2007) and Young Adult (2011), the last of which also starred Theron.

<i>Bombshell</i> (2019 film) 2019 film directed by Jay Roach

Bombshell is a 2019 American drama film directed by Jay Roach and written by Charles Randolph. The film stars Charlize Theron, Nicole Kidman, and Margot Robbie, and is based on the accounts of the women at Fox News who set out to expose CEO Roger Ailes for sexual harassment. John Lithgow, Kate McKinnon, Connie Britton, Malcolm McDowell, and Allison Janney appear in supporting roles.

<i>Aileen Wuornos: American Boogeywoman</i> American horror thriller film

Aileen Wuornos: American Boogeywoman is a 2021 American horror thriller film written and directed by Daniel Farrands. It shows a fictionalized version of the early life of serial killer Aileen Wuornos, with some real facts from her biography. It stars Peyton List as Wuornos, supporting cast includes Tobin Bell, Lydia Hearst, Nick Vallelonga, Swen Temmel, and Andrew Biernat.

References

  1. "Monster". Berlin International Film Festival . Archived from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
  2. "Monster (2003)". AFI Catalog of Feature Films . Retrieved March 9, 2021.
  3. Rosen, Lisa (Winter 2013). "Natural-Born Director". Directors Guild of America . Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved March 9, 2021. The miniscule $1.5 million budget and straight-to-video expectations actually helped give Jenkins the confidence to handle her first feature.
  4. Dir. Patty Jenkins stated in an interview on November 13, 2017 with film critic Thelma Adams that press accounts of the film's budget were exaggerated, saying that the budget was $1.5 million.
  5. "Monster (2003)". The Numbers . Archived from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  6. Rooney, David (November 17, 2003). "Monster". Variety . Archived from the original on August 6, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  7. Honeycutt, Kirk (November 18, 2003). "Monster". The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on December 31, 2003. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  8. 1 2 3 Ebert, Roger (January 1, 2004). "Theron turns in powerhouse performance in disturbing biopic". Chicago Sun-Times . Archived from the original on April 17, 2013. Retrieved February 6, 2010 via RogerEbert.com.
  9. "Monster Soundtrack". SoundtrackNet. August 4, 2004. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved June 17, 2007.
  10. "Soundtracks". IMDB. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  11. 1 2 "Monster (2004)". Rotten Tomatoes . Fandango. January 30, 2004. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  12. "Monster Reviews". Metacritic . CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on February 4, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  13. Aileen: Life and Death of a Serial Killer . Dir. Nick Broomfield and Joan Churchill. Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment. 2003.
  14. "Aileen Carol Wuornos #805". Clarkprosecutor.org. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved April 30, 2012.
  15. "Movie transformations". SFGate. November 1, 2012. Archived from the original on June 5, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2014.
  16. Ebert, Roger (December 30, 2009). "The Best Films of the Decade". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on August 2, 2013. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
  17. Russell, Sue (February 8, 2004). "More of a Monster Than Hollywood Could Picture". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on October 1, 2018.
  18. Stossel, John (January 6, 2006). "Stossel: How True Is 'Monster'?". ABC News . Archived from the original on November 12, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2019.
  19. Fox, Jesse (May 21, 2013). "Arrested Development's 20 Most Meta Meta-Moments". Vulture . Archived from the original on September 16, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  20. Murray, Noel (November 27, 2012). "Arrested Development: "Mr. F"/"The Ocean Walker"". The A.V. Club . Archived from the original on November 16, 2019. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  21. Palmieri, Lea (July 18, 2017). "Was Charlize Theron's 'Arrested Development' Appearance The Show's Greatest Accomplishment?". Decider . Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  22. 1 2 Bendix, Trish (February 4, 2015). "Kate McKinnon joins "SNL" castmembers past and present for photo shoot fun". AfterEllen . Archived from the original on February 6, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  23. "Pet Rescue Commercial - Saturday Night Live". YouTube . May 11, 2014. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  24. Crowley, Patrick (November 1, 2018). "'A Star Is Born' Scene Stealer Willam Talks New Comedy Album, Aileen Wuornos, Lady Gaga & More". Billboard . Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  25. "Aileen (Now That's What I Call Drag Music. vol 1 out now!)". YouTube . November 1, 2018. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2020.