Moriola

Last updated

Moriola
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Eurotiomycetes
Order: Verrucariales
Family: Verrucariaceae
Genus: Moriola
Norman (1872)
Type species
Moriola descensa
Norman (1872)
Species

See text

Synonyms [1]

Moriola is a poorly-known genus of fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. [2] It has 17 species. Members of the genus parasitise various algal species; [3] some species are considered to be saprotrophic or "doubtfully lichenized". [4]

The genus was proposed by Norwegian botanist Johannes M. Norman in 1872. [5] He did not designate a type species for the genus, but Moriola descensa was proposed as lectotype by Frederic Clements and Cornelius Lott Shear in 1931. [6] Ove Eriksson suggested that M. pseudomyces would be a better choice as type. [7] Moriola fungi are not very well known, and many species in the genus are known only from their type specimens, collected by Norman from Norway or Tyrol. [3] Only a single species of Moriola has been recollected (from France) and documented in the 20th century. [8] As of 2016, there was no molecular data for any members of the genus. [9]

Moriola was previously classified in the order Dothideomycetes. [3] However, some authors noticed a similarity to the Verrucariales genus Merismatium , such as the lack of periphysoids and the plurilocular to muriform brownish spores. [10] [11] Consequently, Moriola was placed in the Verrucariaceae in a 2016 review of lichen classification. [9]

The family Moriolaceae was proposed by Alexander Zahlbruckner in 1898 to contain the genus, [12] but this family has not been used in two recent reviews of fungal classification. [9] [2]

Species

As of October 2022, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 17 species of Moriola. [13]

Related Research Articles

Biatorellaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus Biatorella, which contains eight species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pilocarpaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Pilocarpaceae are a family of crustose lichens in the order Lecanorales. The species of this family have a cosmopolitan distribution and have been found in a variety of climatic regions. Pilocarpaceae was circumscribed by Alexander Zahlbruckner in Adolf Engler's influential 1905 work Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acarosporaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Acarosporaceae are a family of fungi in the order Acarosporales. Members of this family have a widespread distribution, and are mostly lichenized with green algae. According to a 2021 estimate, the family contains 11 genera and about 260 species. The family is characterised by a hamathecium formed of paraphysoids.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gloeoheppiaceae</span> Family of fungi

Gloeoheppiaceae is a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Lichinales. The family contains ten species distributed amongst three genera. Most species are lichenised with cyanobacteria. Species in this family are mostly found in desert areas. Modern molecular phylogenetics analysis casts doubt on the phylogenetic validity of the family, suggesting a more appropriate placement of its species in the family Lichinaceae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lichinaceae</span> Family of lichen-forming fungi

The Lichinaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi. Most species are lichenized with cyanobacteria, and have a distribution largely in temperate regions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Verrucariaceae</span> Family of mostly lichenised fungi

Verrucariaceae is a family of lichens and a few non-lichenised fungi in the order Verrucariales. The lichens have a wide variety of thallus forms, from crustose (crust-like) to foliose (bushy) and squamulose (scaly). Most of them grow on land, some in freshwater and a few in the sea. Many are free-living but there are some species that are parasites on other lichens, while one marine species always lives together with a leafy green alga.

Clavascidium is a genus of lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1996 by Austrian lichenologist Othmar Breuss. Because the type species of the genus, Clavascidium umbrinum, has been shown using molecular phylogenetics to belong to genus Placidium, Cécile Gueidan and colleagues proposed to unite Clavascidium with Placidium in a 2009 publication. Despite this, the genus has been retained in recent publications of fungal classification.

<i>Placidiopsis</i> Genus of lichens

Placidiopsis is a genus of lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian naturalist Francesco Beltramini de Casati in 1858, with Placidiopsis grappae assigned as the type species.

Spheconisca is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. It has about 20 species. The genus, first proposed as a subdivision of Moriola in 1872 by Johannes M. Norman was promoted by him to generic status four years later, but without assigning a type species.

Endococcus is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) in the family Lichenotheliaceae. It has 44 species. The genus was circumscribed by the Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1855. Although at least one source places the genus in the Verrucariaceae, a 2016 study of the type species, Endococcus rugulosus, determined that it should instead be placed in the family Lichenotheliaceae of the order Dothideales; this classification echoes a placement proposed in 1979 by David Hawksworth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trypetheliaceae</span> Family of mainly lichen-forming fungi

The Trypetheliaceae are a family of mainly lichen-forming fungi in the order Trypetheliales. The family consists almost exclusively of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens with an almost strictly tropical distribution.

Thelocarpaceae is the sole family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Thelocarpales. The family contains two genera, Sarcosagium and Thelocarpon. The family was circumscribed by lichenologist Hugo Zukal in 1893, while the order was proposed by Robert Lücking and H. Thorsten Lumbsch in 2016.

<i>Microcalicium</i> Family of fungi

Microcalicium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the order Pertusariales. It is the only genus in the monotypic family Microcaliciaceae. These taxa were circumscribed by the Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1927, with Microcalicium disseminatum assigned as the type species.

<i>Normandina</i> Genus of lichens

Normandina is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. It has five species of crustose and squamulose (scaly) lichens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Candelariaceae</span> Family of lichens

Candelariaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Candelariales. It contains seven genera and about 73 species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trichotheliaceae</span> Family of fungi

Trichotheliaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Gyalectales. The family was circumscribed by Friedrich von Schilling and Friedrich August Georg Bitter in 1927.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opegraphaceae</span> Family of lichen

Opegraphaceae is a family of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi in the order Arthoniales. It was originally proposed by German lichenologist Ernst Stizenberger in 1862. It fell into disuse, but was resurrected in a molecular phylogenetic study of the order Arthoniales published in 2010. It now includes taxa that were previously referred to the family Roccellaceae, its sister group.

<i>Carbonicola</i> (lichen) Genus of lichens

Carbonicola is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the sole genus in the monogeneric family Carbonicolaceae. The genus, which collectively has an almost cosmopolitan distribution, contains three squamulose lichens that prefer to grow on burned wood in temperate areas of the world.

Strangospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the only genus in the family Strangosporaceae, which itself is of uncertain taxonomic placement in the Ascomycota. It contains 10 species.

The Pyrenotrichaceae are a small family of fungi in the order Chaetothyriales. It contains two genera, and a total of six species. The genus Pyrenothrix has two species of bark- or leaf-dwelling lichens, while Neophaeococcomyces has four species of saprobic fungi.

References

  1. ↑ "Synonymy. Current Name: Moriola Norman, Bot. Notiser: 13 (1872)". Species Fungorum . Retrieved 13 October 2022.
  2. 1 2 Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2 . hdl: 10481/76378 . S2CID   249054641.
  3. 1 2 3 Hyde, Kevin D.; Jones, E.B. Gareth; Liu, Jian-Kui; Ariyawansa, Hiran; Boehm, Eric; Boonmee, Saranyaphat; et al. (2013). "Families of Dothideomycetes". Fungal Diversity. 63 (1): 1–313 [286–288. doi:10.1007/s13225-013-0263-4. S2CID   207464100.
  4. ↑ Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; Lücking, Robert; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.). Syllabus of Plant Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. Vol. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. p. 84. ISBN   978-3-443-01089-8. OCLC   429208213.
  5. ↑ Norman, J.M. (1872). "Fuligines lichenosae eller Moriolei". Botaniska Notiser (in Norwegian). 1872: 9–20.
  6. ↑ "Record Details: Moriola Norman, Bot. Notiser: 13 (1872)". Index Fungorum . Retrieved 13 October 2022.
  7. ↑ Eriksson, Ove (1981). The Families of Bitunicate Ascomycetes. Opera Botanica. Vol. 60. Copenhagen: Council for Nordic Publications in Botany.
  8. ↑ Bricaud, O.; Roux, C.; T., Ménard; Coste, C. (1993). "Champignons lichénisés et lichénicoles de la France méridionale: espèces nouvelles et intéressantes (8)". Bull Société Linnéenne de Provence (in French). 44: 99–109.
  9. 1 2 3 Lücking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota–Approaching one thousand genera". The Bryologist. 119 (4): 361–416 [382]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361. JSTOR   44250015. S2CID   90258634.
  10. ↑ Triebel, Dagmar (1989). Lecideicole Ascomyceten. Eine Revision der obligat lichenicolen Ascomyceten auf lecideoiden Flechten[Lecideicolous Ascomycetes. A revision of the obligate lichenicolous ascomycetes on lecideoid lichens]. Bibliotheca Lichenologica (in German). Vol. 35. p. 177. ISBN   978-3-443-58014-8.
  11. ↑ Grube, Martin (2005). "Frigidopyrenia – a new genus for a peculiar subarctic lichen, with notes on similar taxa" (PDF). Phyton. 45 (2): 305–318.
  12. ↑ Engler, Adolf (1898) [1892]. Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das gesamte Pflanzensystem mit Berücksichtigung der Medicinal- und Nutzpflanzen zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und Studien ueber specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik (2nd ed.). Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag. p. 52.
  13. ↑ Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+. "Moriola". Catalog of Life Version 2022-09-25. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
  14. ↑ Bachmann, E. (1926). "Die Moriolaceen". Nytt Magazin for Naturvidenskapene (in German). 64: 170–228 [189].
  15. ↑ Bachmann, E. (1936). "Eine neue Moriola aus Java" [A new Moriola in Java]. Blumea (in German). 2 (2): 25–30. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  16. ↑ Norman, J.M. (1872). "Allelositismus, eller det forhold, at en organisme til fuldbringelse af sille livsfunktioner benytter indforlivede fremmede organer, stammende fra en heterogen organisme" [Allelositism, or the fact that an organism uses incorporated foreign organs originating from a heterogeneous organism to carry out its life functions]. Kunglige Norske Videnskabers Selskab Skrifter. 7: 243–255.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.