The Chenghuangshen,is a tutelary deity or deities in Chinese folk religion who is believed to protect the people and the affairs of the particular village,town or city of great dimension,and the corresponding afterlife location.
Joss paper,also known as incense papers,are papercrafts or sheets of paper made into burnt offerings common in Chinese ancestral worship. Worship of deities in Chinese folk religion also uses a similar type of joss paper. Joss paper,as well as other papier-mâchéitems,are also burned or buried in various Asian funerals,"to ensure that the spirit of the deceased has sufficient means in the afterlife." In Taiwan alone,the annual revenue of temples received from burning joss paper was US$400 million as of 2014.
A household deity is a deity or spirit that protects the home,looking after the entire household or certain key members. It has been a common belief in paganism as well as in folklore across many parts of the world.
Taoism in Singapore is the religion of about 8.8% of the country's entire population as per the 2020 census. The definition of "Taoism" in the country is included as part of the wider Chinese folk religion. In general,nearly all adherents of Taoism in Singapore are associated with the mainstream Zhengyi school. Larger proportion of older residents adhere to Taoism,as compared with those in younger age groups.
Kusu Island is one of the Southern Islands in Singapore,located about 5.6 kilometres to the south of the main island of Singapore and below the Singapore Straits. "Kusu" means "Tortoise Island" or "Turtle Island" in Hokkien;the island is also known as Peak Island or Pulau Tembakul in Malay.
Tudigong or Tudishen,also known simply as Tudi and translated as Lord of the Earth,is a tutelary deity of a locality and the human communities who inhabit it in Chinese folk religion and Taoism. He is portrayed as an old man with a long beard.
Phra Phrom is the Thai representation of the Hindu creator god Brahma. In modern Thailand,Phra Phrom is often worshipped outside of Hindu contexts by regular Buddhists,and,like many other Hindu deities,has usually come to represent guardian spirits in Thai animist beliefs,which coexist alongside Buddhist practices. He is regarded as the deity of good fortune and protection. The concept of Brahma is also represented in Buddhist cosmology as Brahmāor Mahabrahma,the lord of Brahmaloka,which may also be represented as Phra Phrom.
Malaysian folk religion refers to the animistic and polytheistic beliefs and practices that are still held by many in the Islamic-majority country of Malaysia. Malaysian folk faith is practiced either openly or covertly depending on the type of rituals performed.
A spirit tablet,memorial tablet,or ancestral tablet,is a placard used to designate the seat of a deity or past ancestor as well as to enclose it. The name of the deity or past ancestor is usually inscribed onto the tablet. With origins in traditional Chinese culture,the spirit tablet is a common sight in many Sinosphere countries where any form of ancestor veneration is practiced. Spirit tablets are traditional ritual objects commonly seen in temples,shrines,and household altars throughout Mainland China and Taiwan.
The religious belief of the Datuk Keramat worship can be found in Malaysia,Singapore and along the Strait of Malacca. It is a fusion of Malaysian folk religion,Sufism,and Chinese folk religion in Southeast Asia.
Jìngxiāng,shàngxiāng,bàishén,is a ritual of offering incense accompanied by tea and or fruits in Chinese traditional religion. In ancestral religious worship it's jìngzǔ or bàizǔ 拜祖. It is observed by a devotee holding joss incense with both hands in front of an altar during the worship. For greater reverence or devotion,the devotee will kneel and bow before the altar during and after placing the incense inside the urn at the altar.
The Tai folk religion,or Satsana Phi,or Ban Phi is a form of animist religious beliefs intermixed with Buddhist beliefs traditionally and historically practiced by groups of ethnic Tai peoples. It is a syncretic mixture of Buddhist and Hindu practices with local traditional beliefs in mainland southeast Asia. Tai folk religion was a dominant native religion in mainland Southeast Asia until the arrival of Buddhism and Hinduism.
Chinese ancestor veneration,also called Chinese ancestor worship,is an aspect of the Chinese traditional religion which revolves around the ritual celebration of the deified ancestors and tutelary deities of people with the same surname organised into lineage societies in ancestral shrines. Ancestors,their ghosts,or spirits,and gods are considered part of "this world". They are neither supernatural nor transcendent in the sense of being beyond nature. The ancestors are humans who have become godly beings,beings who keep their individual identities. For this reason,Chinese religion is founded on veneration of ancestors. Ancestors are believed to be a means of connection to the supreme power of Tian as they are considered embodiments or reproducers of the creative order of Heaven. It is a major aspect of Han Chinese religion,but the custom has also spread to ethnic minority groups.
Loyang is a subzone region located in the town of Pasir Ris in the East Region of Singapore. The region consists of three subzones,Loyang West,Loyang East and Flora Drive. The name means brass or tray in Malay.
An ancestral shrine,hall or temple,also called lineage temple,is a temple dedicated to deified ancestors and progenitors of surname lineages or families in the Chinese tradition. Ancestral temples are closely linked to Confucian philosophy and culture and the emphasis that it places on filial piety.
Sanshin or Sansin are local mountain-spirits in Korean Shamanism and folk-beliefs. In South Korea,most Buddhist temples and major Shamanic-shrines,and some traditionalist villages have a dedicated shrine called a sanshin-gak or an altar called a sanshin-dan dedicated to the local sanshin. This nature-deity is typically represented in the enshrined icons as an elder male figure in royal-Confucian clothing,always accompanied by at least one tiger and a Korean Red Pine tree. There are many other symbols being held by the Sanshin,offered to him by servants or in the backgrounds of the more elaborate paintings,derived from Oriental Daoism,Buddhism,Neo-Confucianism,shamanic-folklore and Korean 'spiritual-ethnic nationalism' -- making these multi-religious icons unique in the entire world.
Burmese folk religion refers to the animistic and polytheistic religious worship of nats and ancestors in Myanmar (Burma). Although the beliefs of nats differ across different regions and villages in Burma,there are a handful of beliefs that are universal in Burmese folk religion.
Chinese folk religion plays a dynamic role in the lives of the overseas Chinese who have settled in the countries of this geographic region,particularly Burmese Chinese,Singaporean Chinese,Malaysian Chinese,Thai Chinese and Hoa. The Indonesian Chinese,by contrast,were forced to adopt en masse either Buddhism or Christianity in the 1950s and 1960s,abandoning traditional worship,due to Indonesia's religious policies which at the time forbade Chinese traditional religion or did not recognize it as a "religion" thus making it vulnerable to discrimination. Some Chinese Filipinos also still practice some Chinese traditional religions,besides Christianity of either Roman Catholicism or Protestantism,of which some have also varyingly syncretized traditional Chinese religious practices with. Chinese folk religion,the ethnic religion of Han Chinese,"Shenism" was especially coined referring to its Southeast Asian expression;another Southeast Asian name for the religion is the Sanskrit expression Satya Dharma.
The German Girl Shrine is a shrine on the island of Pulau Ubin in Singapore. It marks the site of the burial of an unknown 18-year-old girl who died on the island in 1914 after falling from a cliff while fleeing from British forces who sought to detain a number of German nationals then resident on the island. Her body was recovered and interred in an urn on the site by Chinese workers,and a makeshift shrine structure was built. The site was visited frequently by gamblers who thought the spirit of the girl would bring them good luck. A permanent structure was erected in 1974 by a company carrying out quarrying on the island. Quarrying has since ceased,and the shrine is now within Ketam Mountain Bike Park. Visitors often leave offerings,including makeup and Barbie dolls,at the site.
Pun Tao Kong or Lao Pun Tao Kong is a deity who is highly respected and broadly regarded by overseas Chinese,but do not exist in China. He is related and similar to Tudigong. Pun Tao Kong beliefs and shrines exist in some countries such as Thailand,Malaysia,Vietnam,Cambodia,Singapore.
