Nanesvara Temple, Lakkundi

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Nanesvara

Naneshvara temple in Lakkundi.JPG

Naneshvara temple (mid-11th century. A.D) at Lakkundi in Gadag district
Geography
Coordinates 15°23′14.5″N75°42′59.6″E / 15.387361°N 75.716556°E / 15.387361; 75.716556 Coordinates: 15°23′14.5″N75°42′59.6″E / 15.387361°N 75.716556°E / 15.387361; 75.716556
State Karnataka
District Gadag District
Locale Lakkundi

The Nanesvara Temple, (also spelt Naneshvara or Naneshwara) is a mid-11th century Hindu temple in the Later Chalukya style (also called Western or Kalyani Chalukya). It stands across the street from the ornate Kasivisvesvara Temple in the famous temple town of Lakkundi in the Gadag district of Karnataka State, India. The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India. [1]

Hindu temple house of worship in Hinduism

A Hindu temple is a symbolic house, seat and body of god. It is a structure designed to bring human beings and gods together, using symbolism to express the ideas and beliefs of Hinduism. The symbolism and structure of a Hindu temple are rooted in Vedic traditions, deploying circles and squares. It also represents recursion and equivalence of the macrocosm and the microcosm by astronomical numbers, and by "specific alignments related to the geography of the place and the presumed linkages of the deity and the patron". A temple incorporates all elements of Hindu cosmos—presenting the good, the evil and the human, as well as the elements of Hindu sense of cyclic time and the essence of life—symbolically presenting dharma, kama, artha, moksa, and karma.

Western Chalukya architecture Style of architecture from the 11th and 12th century Western Chalukya Empire in modern central Karnataka, India

Western Chalukya architecture, also known as Kalyani Chalukya or Later Chalukya architecture, is the distinctive style of ornamented architecture that evolved during the rule of the Western Chalukya Empire in the Tungabhadra region of modern central Karnataka, India, during the 11th and 12th centuries. Western Chalukyan political influence was at its peak in the Deccan Plateau during this period. The centre of cultural and temple-building activity lay in the Tungabhadra region, where large medieval workshops built numerous monuments. These monuments, regional variants of pre-existing dravida temples, form a climax to the wider regional temple architecture tradition called Vesara or Karnata dravida. Temples of all sizes built by the Chalukyan architects during this era remain today as examples of the architectural style.

Kasivisvesvara Temple, Lakkundi human settlement in India

The Kasivisvesvara temple and sometimes called Kashivishvanatha temple is located in Lakkundi, in the of Karnataka state, India. It is 11 km from Gadag city, 24 km from Dambal and about 50 km from Kuknur.

Contents

Temple plan

Yali baluster at Nanesvara temple Yali balustrade at the Naneshvara temple in Lakkundi.JPG
Yali baluster at Nanesvara temple
Close up of open mantapa with various pillar designs at Nanesvara temple, Lakkundi Open mantapa with sikhara in the background in Nanesvara temple at Lakkundi.jpg
Close up of open mantapa with various pillar designs at Nanesvara temple, Lakkundi

According to art historians Adam Hardy and Henry Cousens, the Nanesvara Temple follows the same basic plan as the Kasivisvesvara Temple, minus the auxiliary shrine. The temple, according to Adam Hardy, belongs to the mainstream Lakkundi school and was built in the middle of the 11th century. It consists of a sanctum ( garbhagriha ) that connects to a closed hall ( mantapa ) via a vestibule or antarala. The closed hall opens on a pillared open hall. The temple is built on a raised platform ( jagati ). According to the historian Kamath, these features are standard in a typical Later Chalukya temple. The material used, soapstone, is a Chalukyan architectural innovation that became popular in 12th and 13th century Chalukya and Hoysala constructions. [2] [3] [4]

Professor Adam Hardy is an architect and architectural historian, and Professor of Asian Architecture at the Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University. He is Director of PRASADA, a centre bringing together research and practice in South Asian art and architecture.

Garbhagriha Innermost sanctum of a Hindu temple

Garbhagriha is the sanctum sanctorum, the innermost sanctum of a Hindu temple where resides the murti of the primary deity of the temple. Literally the word means "womb chamber", from the Sanskrit words garbha for womb and griha for house. Generally in Hinduism only 'priests' (pujari) are allowed to enter this chamber. Although the term is often associated with Hindu temples, it is also found in Jain and Buddhist temples.

Vestibule (architecture) anteroom (antechamber) or small foyer leading into a larger space

A vestibule also, known as an arctic entry, is an anteroom (antechamber) or small foyer leading into a larger space, such as a lobby, entrance hall, passage, etc., for the purpose of waiting, withholding the larger space view, reducing heat loss, providing space for outwear, etc. The term applies to structures in both modern and historical architecture since ancient times. In modern architecture, vestibule typically refers to a small room next to the outer door and connecting it with the interior of the building. In ancient Roman architecture, vestibule referred to a partially enclosed area between the interior of the house and the street.

Notes

  1. ↑ "Alphabetical List of Monuments - Karnataka - Dharwad, Dharwad Circle, Karnataka". Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India. Indira Gandhi National Center for the Arts. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  2. ↑ Hardy (1995), p.336
  3. ↑ Cousens (1926), p.82
  4. ↑ Kamath (2001), pp.115-118

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Kalleshvara Temple, Ambali Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

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Mallikarjuna Temple, Kuruvatti Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

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Kaitabheshvara Temple, Kubatur Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

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Kedareshvara Temple, Balligavi Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

The Kedareshvara temple is located in the town of Balligavi, near Shikaripura in the Shimoga district of Karnataka state, India. Dotted with centres of learning (agrahara), Balligavi was an important city during the 11th - 12th century Western Chalukya rule. The term Anadi Rajadhani used in medieval inscriptions to describe this town tells a tale of great antiquity. Art historian Adam Hardy classifies the style involved in the construction of the temple as "Later Chalukya, non mainstream, relatively close to mainstream". He dates the temple to late 11th century, with inscriptional evidence of additions made up to 1131, by the Hoysalas during their control over the region. The building material used is soapstone. The Archaeological Survey of India classifies the style of architecture as distinctly Hoysala. The Hoysala ruling family was during this period a powerful feudatory of the imperial Western Chalukya Empire, gaining the trappings of independence only from the period of King Vishnuvardhana. The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Kedareshwara Temple, Halebidu Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

Kedareshwara Temple is a Hoysala era construction in the historically important town of Halebidu, in the Hassan district of Karnataka state, India. It is located a short distance away from the famous Hoysaleswara Temple. The temple was constructed by Hoysala King Veera Ballala II and his Queen Ketaladevi, and the main deity is Ishwara. The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Panchalingeshwara Temple, Govindanahalli Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

Panchalingeshwara Temple in Govindanahalli, Mandya district, Karnataka state, India, was constructed around 1238 A.D. during the reign of the Hoysala empire King Vira Someshwara. The name "Panchalingeshwara" literally means "five linga". The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India. The famous sculptor of Hoysala times, Ruvari Mallitamma, is known to have made contributions to the temple.

Rameshvara Temple, Koodli

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Nagareshvara Temple, Bankapura Hindu temple in Karnataka, India

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Bhimeshvara Temple, Nilagunda Village in Karnataka, India

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References

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