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Danainae is a subfamily of the family Nymphalidae, the brush-footed butterflies. It includes the Daniadae, or milkweed butterflies, who lay their eggs on various milkweeds on which their larvae (caterpillars) feed, as well as the clearwing butterflies (Ithomiini), and the tellervini.
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a reduced pair of forelegs and many hold their colourful wings flat when resting. They are also called brush-footed butterflies or four-footed butterflies, because they are known to stand on only four legs while the other two are curled up; in some species, these forelegs have a brush-like set of hairs, which gives this family its other common name. Many species are brightly coloured and include popular species such as the emperors, monarch butterfly, admirals, tortoiseshells, and fritillaries. However, the under wings are, in contrast, often dull and in some species look remarkably like dead leaves, or are much paler, producing a cryptic effect that helps the butterflies blend into their surroundings.
The Satyrini is one of the tribes of the subfamily Satyrinae. It includes about 2200 species and is therefore the largest tribe in the subfamily which comprises 2500 species.
Ypthima ypthimoides, the Palni fourring, is a species of Satyrinae butterfly found in south India.
Ypthima is a species rich genus of Old World butterflies in the family Nymphalidae.
Mashuna mashuna, the Mashuna ringlet, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Zimbabwe. The habitat consists of marshy areas in savanna and grassland.
Neocoenyra is a genus of Afrotropical butterflies from the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae.
Neocoenyra bioculata is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Malawi.
Neocoenyra cooksoni is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1907. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, northern Zambia, Angola and north-western Tanzania. The habitat consists of Brachystegia woodland.
Neocoenyra duplex is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and northern Tanzania. The habitat consists of grassy savanna.
Neocoenyra fuligo is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in central Tanzania. The habitat consists of montane grassland at altitudes between 2,000 and 2,100 meters.
Neocoenyra fulleborni is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern Tanzania. The habitat consists of submontane and montane grassland and shrubland at altitudes between 1,500 and 1,800 meters.
Neocoenyra gregorii is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Malawi. The habitat consists of montane grassland and forest-grassland mosaic at altitudes up to 3,000 meters and open thorn-bush country and Brachystegia woodland at altitudes from 1,200 to 2,200 meters.
Neocoenyra heckmanni is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Tanzania.
Neocoenyra jordani is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Tanzania.
Neocoenyra kivuensis is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, western Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi. The habitat consists of Brachystegia woodland, montane grassland on forest margins, at altitudes between 1,000 and 2,000 meters.
Neocoenyra paralellopupillata is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in north-eastern Tanzania and possibly Malawi. The habitat consists of montane forests at altitudes of about 2,200 meters.
Neocoenyra pinheyi is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern and south-central Tanzania. The habitat consists of open thorn-bush country at altitudes between 1,200 and 1,600 meters.
Neocoenyra rufilineata is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Somalia.
Pseudonympha arnoldi, or Arnold's brown, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in north-eastern Zimbabwe. The habitat consists of damp spots in montane grassland.
References
- ↑ "Neocoenyra Butler, [1886]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
- ↑ "Afrotropical Butterflies: File E – Nymphalidae - Subtribe uncertain". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2012-05-11.