| Nevilleiella | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Nevilleiella S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2017) |
| Type species | |
| Nevilleiella marchantii (S.Y.Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2017) | |
| Species | |
Nevilleiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species of crustose lichens that are found in Australia. [1]
The genus was circumscribed in 2017 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Jae-Seoun Hur, with Nevilleiella marchantii assigned as the type species. Both the genus name Nevilleiella, and the epithet of the type species, marchantii, [2] honour Western Australian botanist Neville Graeme Marchant, who accompanied the authors during their field work. [3]
The genus Nevilleiella consists of crustose lichens, which means they form a crust-like layer over their substrate . These lichens are characterised by almost spherical, pustule -like structures or by discrete, widely spread areoles (small, cracked patches) that do not cover the entire surface. Their colour varies from brownish yellow to brownish orange, and they sometimes have a whitish, powdery coating ( pruina ). The areoles themselves are quite diverse in shape, ranging from convex and warty to almost spherical, and they occasionally develop schizidia -like formations, which are small, split-off parts of the lichen. The cortex , or the outer layer, has a tightly packed cellular structure (palisade paraplectenchymatous ). [3]
The reproductive structures of Nevilleiella, known as apothecia, are typically of the biatorine form, meaning they have a clearly distinguishable margin and disc , but can sometimes become zeorine , where the margin is less distinct. The disc and its own margin are rusty brownish orange or brownish orange, blending in with the thallus. The true exciple , the outer layer of tissue surrounding the reproductive cells, also has a tightly packed cellular structure with a distinct matrix at the base. The subhymenium , the layer beneath the reproductive cells, contains oil droplets. The ascospores are polarilocular , meaning they have two cells divided by a nearly invisible septum (internal partition), which is more visible when treated with a solution of potassium hydroxide. The conidia , a type of asexual spore, are narrowly rod-shaped, measuring 3–4 μm in length and 0.8–1 μm in width. [3]
Chemically, Nevilleiella is defined by the presence of several secondary metabolites (lichen products). Parietin is the major chemical present, with fallacinal as a somewhat major or minor component. It also contains parietinic acid and teloschistin, which are present in minor or trace amounts. [3]
The genus Iqbalia , proposed in 2022 for the Pakistani species Iqbalia kashmirensis, shares similarities with Nevilleiella but can be distinguished by several key differences. Unlike Nevilleiella, Iqbalia features discrete, non-aggregated areoles and lacks schizidia-like formations. Its ascospores have a wide septum when observed in water. Additionally, Iqbalia contains variolaric acid and forms a distinct, strong monophyletic branch within the subfamily Teloschistoideae. [4]
Nevilleiella lichens typically develop as crusty layer on clayey soil in salt-rich environments, as well as in open spaces or mallee regions. It is also found on siliceous rocks along coastlines, as well as in rough pastures, heathlands, and dry sclerophyll forests across the Australian continent. [3]
Neobrownliella brownlieae is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Australia.
Gallowayella hasseana, the poplar sunburst lichen, is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It occurs in North America.
Pisutiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains five species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens that are found in a variety of environments in the Northern Hemisphere.
Caloplaca conranii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. The lichen has a bright yellow thallus about 1–2 cm wide, featuring a thick texture with convex, pustule-like formations around the edges and occasionally forming clusters in the centre. Its apothecia are quite large and heavy, ranging from 0.4 to 1.5 mm in diameter, with a flat, dull orange or brownish-orange disc, and long, narrow ascospores.
Caloplaca filsonii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a crust-like thallus that is uneven and warty around the edges and more distinctly wart-like in the centre, coloured in shades of grey and brownish-grey near its reproductive structures (apothecia), but lacking a developed prothallus.
Caloplaca streimannii is a little-known species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in New South Wales, Australia, it is characterised by its powdery soredious mass and numerous tiny apothecia.
Elixjohnia bermaguiana is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The lichen is characterised by its varying areoles, which are thin to moderately thick, flat to slightly convex, and range from bright yellow to whitish in colour, sometimes with a greenish-yellow hue. Its apothecia are small, with a distinct orange margin and a raised brownish-orange or yellowish-brown disc.
Elixjohnia gallowayi is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a vividly coloured thallus, ranging in hues from bright red to reddish-orange. It is found in Australia.
Filsoniana australiensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The lichen forms patches up to 9 cm wide, with dull pink to brownish pink lobes and a verrucose central area. It has distinctive, raised reddish-orange apothecia.
Filsoniana rexfilsonii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007. The thallus of Filsoniana rexfilsonii comprises brownish-orange squamules each hosting one to four reproductive structures.
Neobrownliella montisfracti is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The small lichen has dull pink to grey areoles, characterised by completely immersed, reddish to pink-brown apothecia and lacking soredia and isidia. Its areoles are closely pressed against the substrate, with the apothecia containing small, elongated ascospores and narrowly rod-shaped conidia.
Sirenophila cliffwetmorei is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. Its thallus can reach up to 1 centimetre in width, has a whitish to whitish-grey colour, and is very thin, sometimes almost merging with the substrate, and has paler edges with a darker grey centre. Its numerous tiny apothecia give the thallus a yellow-orange appearance.
Eilifdahlia sergeyana is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is endemic to Kangaroo Island in South Australia. The lichen thallus has an uneven and scaly texture, forming patches up to 40 mm wide in dull greenish-grey or brownish-grey. Its fruiting bodies (apothecia) are orange to yellow, with a biatorine structure, and range from 0.5 to 1 mm wide. These apothecia have a matte surface and a cup-shaped margin containing golden-yellow crystals. The paraphyses within are slender and branched, and the asci contain ellipsoid spores.
Flavoplaca kantvilasii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007.
Oxneriopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens.
Elixjohnia jackelixii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia and New Zealand. The lichen is characterised by its unique multilayered appearance with outer sterile rings that are brownish or greenish-yellow and inner areoles that are whitish, yellowish, or greyish, often cracked to reveal the medulla underneath. Its fruiting bodies, or apothecia, are typically attached directly to the thallus and vary in colour and shape.
Filsoniana ferdinandmuelleri is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The lichen has a squamulose (scaly) thallus, with a range of bright yellow to greenish-yellow and brownish-orange colours in its soredia and apothecia, respectively. The areoles of this lichen are varied in size, slightly raised from the thallus surface, and each carries one to four apothecia. The soralia are rounded or irregularly shaped, covering most of the thallus surface as a yellow to greenish-yellow mass. The apothecia have dark brownish-orange discs, surrounded by slightly paler yellow margins, with the spore-bearing asci containing typically eight brownish-golden ascospores.
Nevilleiella marchantii is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007. The thallus of Nevilleiella marchantii spreads 1–3 cm wide, with distinctive, almost spherical, pustule-like formations that give it an appearance resembling a bunch of grapes. These formations vary in shape and colour from yellow-brown to orange-brown.
Marchantiana occidentalis is a species of corticolous and saxicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Western Australia, usually as an inhabitant of dry twigs, bark, or wood of various plant species, but occasionally on granite rock outcrops. It forms a well-developed thallus, shiny and composed of tiny dark greenish to brown areoles, with sizes typically ranging from 5–15 mm, though larger aggregations are possible. It features numerous rounded apothecia scattered across its surface, varying in form and colour, with a distinct margin and disc.
Iqbalia is a single-species fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains Iqbalia kashmirensis, a saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen found in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.