| Notogynaphallia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Notogynaphallia plumbea | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Platyhelminthes |
| Order: | Tricladida |
| Family: | Geoplanidae |
| Subfamily: | Geoplaninae |
| Genus: | Notogynaphallia Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1990 |
| Type species | |
| Geoplana plumbea Froehlich, 1956 | |
Notogynaphallia is a genus of land planarians from South America.
The genus Notogynaphallia is characterized by having a small-to-medium, slender body with nearly parallel margins. The eyes are arranged along the body margins and may or not spread to the dorsum. [1] [2] The copulatory apparatus lacks a permanent penis, i. e., the penis is formed during copulation by folds in the male atrium. The male part of the copulatory apparatus also lacks an ejaculatory duct, so that the prostatic vesicle opens directly into the male atrium. The female atrium is usually irregular and narrow and the ovovitelline ducts join each other behind it. [1]
The name Notogynaphallia comes from Greek νότος (back) + γυνή (female) + ἀ (without) + φαλλός (phallus, penis), i.e., "dorsal female without penis", referring to ovovitelline ducts entering the female atrium dorsally and the absence of a permanent penis. [3]
There are nine species assigned to the genus Notogynaphallia:
Also, there are some species currently considered incertae sedis:
Several species formerly placed in Notogynaphallia are currently placed in the genera Imbira and Luteostriata .
Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region. However, one species, Obama nungara has been introduced in Europe.
Luteostriata is a genus of land planarians from Brazil characterized by a yellow body with dark longitudinal stripes.
Obama is a genus of land planarians from South America. It contains several species adapted to human-disturbed environments, including the only invasive land planarian native to the Neotropical realm, Obama nungara, which has been accidentally introduced in Europe.
The reproductive system of planarians is broadly similar among different families, although the associated structures can vary in complexity.
Supramontana is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Choeradoplana is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
Paraba is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Imbira is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
Cratera is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
Geoplana is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Pasipha is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Eudóxia Maria Froehlich was a Brazilian zoologist.
Amaga is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Bogga is a genus of land planarians from South America. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species, Bogga bogotensis, which occurs in Bogotá, Colombia.
Luteostriata abundans is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is a common species in human-disturbed areas in Brazil's southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul.
Gigantea is a genus of land planarians from the Neotropical realm.
Gusana is a genus of land planarians found in Chile.
Timyma is a genus of land planarians from Chile. It is the sole genus of the subfamily Timyminae.
Geoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Geoplaninae.
Sarcoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Geoplaninae.
