Osperleioceras

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Osperleioceras
Temporal range: Early - Late Toarcian [1]
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Osperleioceras bicarinatum.png
Fossil shell of Osperleioceras bicarinatum from St. Paul des Ponts (France), part of private collection
Scientific classification
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Osperleioceras

Krimholtz in Krimholtz and Tazikhin, 1957
Type species
Pseudolioceras beaulizienseMonestier, 1921
Subgenera
  • O. (Osperleioceras)Krimholtz, 1957
  • O. (Pseudopolyplectus)Mattéi, 1969
Synonyms

PseudopolyplectusMattei, 1969OsperliocerasGuex, 1972

Contents

Osperleioceras is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. These cephalopods existed in the Jurassic period, during Toarcian stage. Its fossils were found in Europe and South America. First species of this genus, Osperleioceras bicarinatum has evolved in what is now France from Harpoceras subplanatum . [1] [2]

Description

Genus is similar to Harpoceras, but it is more involute and its whorl section is more triangular. Greatest width is near umbilicus. Flat whorl sides are converging to a flat narrow venter. It has strong keel, but there might be also slight ventro-lateral keels. Falcoid ribs are strongly projecting near venter. Suture line is highly incised, ornate and has many auxiliary saddles. [1]

Systematic

Systematic of this genera is not stable and some different opinions can be found in the literature. These differences arose around the status of genus PseudopolyplectusMattei, 1969. Sometimes, this genus is considered to be separate. [3] Other times, this genus is considered tu be just a subgenus of Osperleioceras. [4] The last opinion on the status of Pseudopolyplectus is, that this is a synonym of Osperleioceras. [1] [5] Differences among supposed subgenera are described below, but as some species have not been mentioned by authors considering validity of genus/subgenus Pseudopolyplectus as valid, in the list of species is this division avoided.

Osperleioceras (Osperleioceras)

This subgenus is characterized by preserving its ancestral sigmoid ribbing, which is very sparse through at least most of its ontogeny. Type species is Pseudolioceras beauliziense (= Osperleioceras (Osperleioceras) beauliziense). Other species include O. (O.) rivierense, O. (O.) reynesi, O. (O.) authelini and O. (O.) subcostulatum. [4]

Osperleioceras (Pseudopolyplectus)

Juvenile stage of O. (Pseudopolyplectus) is sparsely ribbed by sigmoid ribs. At about 15 mm diameter, ribs are becoming fine and tight. As a type species has been chosen Ammonites bicarinatum (= Osperleioceras (Pseudopolyplectus) bicarinatum). Other members are O. (P.) loeve and O. (P.) subtile. [4] To genus Pseudopolyplectus has been also added species P. nadorense, P. subexaratus, P. rivierense and P. reynesi, [3] which can then be considered members of this subgenus. But last 2 are in other literature mentioned as part of O. (Osperleioceras). [4]

List of species

The following list of species might be incomplete:

Related Research Articles

<i>Dactylioceras</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Dactylioceras was a widespread genus of ammonites from the Lower Jurassic period, approximately 180 million years ago (mya).

Zugodactylites is an extinct genus of ammonite cephalopod from the lower Toarcian epoch of the Lower Jurassic, ammonite zone Fibulatum. Its fossils are found in Europe, Russia and Canada.

Psiloceratoidea Extinct superfamily of molluscs

Psiloceratoidea is a superfamily of Early Jurassic ammonoid cephalopods proposed by Hyatt in 1867, assigned to the order Ammonitida. They were very successful during Hettangian and Sinemurian. Last of them, family Cymbitidae and genera Hypoxynoticeras and Radstockiceras survived into Early Pliensbachian.

Harpoceratinae Extinct subfamily of molluscs

Harpoceratinae is an extinct subfamily of cephalopods belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. Ammonites of this subfamily had involute and compressed shells with strong keels. Keel might be rarely missing, but this is considered to be an abnormality. This has been observed both in Cleviceras and Harpoceras and called as genus Monestieria, which is now known to be invalid. Another example is Pseudolioceras, whose unkeeled specimen was used as type for description of invalid genus Praehaploceras. Oxyconic forms of this subfamily does not have any keel. Ribs were single, but in some genera also bifurcating with shapes from sigmoidal to falcate. Sometimes, shell can have only striate ribs or is smooth. Tubercules are rare. Dimorphism is known in some genera and it is observable mostly in size. Macrochons can be 4, to 6 times larger than microconchs. As an example, macroconchs of Pseudolioceras are more than 150mm in diameter, while adult microconchs are only 35-50mm. There are big size differences even within dimorphs. Specimens ca be 2, or sometimes even 3 times bigger than other specimens of same dimorph.

<i>Hammatoceras</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Hammatoceras is a genus of ammonites belonging to the family Hammatoceratidae which lived during the Late Toarcian stage of the Early/Lower Jurassic between about 184 and 175 million year ago.

<i>Taffertia</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Taffertia is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. These cephalopods existed in the Jurassic period, during Toarcian age in the Falciferum zone and possibly only in Exaratum subzone. Its fossils were found in Canada, Morocco, Algeria and Italy

Ovaticeras is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. These cephalopods existed in the Jurassic period, during upper Pliensbachian and lower Toarcian. Its fossils were found in Europe, North Africa and possibly also in Canada and Vietnam. It might have evolved from Harpoceras falciferum and died out without leaving any descendants.

<i>Cleviceras</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Cleviceras is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. These cephalopods existed in the Jurassic period, during Toarcian and possibly even uppermost Pliensbachian age. Sometimes, it is considered to be a synonym of Eleganticeras.

<i>Prodactylioceras</i> Extinct genus of ammonites

Prodactylioceras is genus of ammonite that lived during the Pliensbachian stage of early Jurassic. It has evolved from Reynesocoeloceras, but maybe not directly, but through Bettoniceras. Its fossils were found in Europe, Asia and North America.

Peronoceras is genus of ammonite that lived during the middle Toarcian stage of early Jurassic. Members of this genus existed only in Fibulatum Subzone of Bifrons Zone. Their fossils were found in Europe, northern Africa, Asia, North America and South America.

Porpoceras is genus of ammonite that lived during the early and middle Toarcian stage of early Jurassic. Members of this genus existed from uppermost part of the Harpoceras serpentinum zone to the Haugia variabilis zone. Their fossils were found in Europe, Asia, North America and South America.

Septimaniceras is genus of ammonites that has probably evolved from Peronoceras and lived during the middle Toarcian stage of early Jurassic. Members of this genus existed from Bifrons Subzone to lower part of Variabilis Subzone. Their fossils were found in France, Hungary and probably also in Austria.

Catacoeloceras is genus of ammonite that lived during middle to late Toarcian stage of early Jurassic. Members of this genus existed from Crassum Subzone of Bifrons Zone to Variabilis Zone. Their fossils were found in Europe, northern Africa, Asia, North America and South America. It has evolved from Peronoceras, or Porpoceras.

Neolioceratoides is genus of ammonites that lived during the Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages of early Jurassic. It has been considered to be a synonym of Lioceratoides, but cladistic analysis has shown, that this genus is not only valid, but they even belong to different subfamily, as Lioceratoides belongs to Harpoceratinae. Their fossils were found in Europe and northern Africa.

Hildoceratinae Extinct subfamily of molluscs

Hildoceratinae is an extinct subfamily of cephalopods belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. Ammonites of this subfamily had shells with elliptical or quadrate whorl section with keel or tricarinate, bisulcate venter. Ribs were variable, from falcate to strongly angled and from fine to strong. They can be interrupted by spiral groove in midlateral part of the shell. While some species can be smooth, strongly ribbed ones can have tubercules. Microconchs have short lapplets that is in its shape similar to the shape of growth lines in spiral midlateral groove.

<i>Orthildaites</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Orthildaites is a genus of ammonites that lived during the lower Toarcian stage of early Jurassic, during Falciferum subzone.

Parahildaites is genus of ammonites that lived during the lower Toarcian stage of early Jurassic, during Bifrons zone. It differs from Hildaites and Hildoceras by having smooth shell after reaching 4 cm in diameter. There is no spiral groove and on early whorls, there can be sigmoidal ribs or striae. Strong keel is bordered by flat areas or slight sulci. Its fossils were found in Saudi Arabia and Madagascar.

<i>Tiltoniceras</i> Extinct genus of cephalopods

Tiltoniceras is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the family Hildoceratidae. These cephalopods existed in the Jurassic period, from upper Pliensbachian age, Spinatum zone until lower Toarcian, Tenuicostatum zone in what is now Europe, North America and Asian part of Russia.

<i>Dumortieria</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Dumortieria is a genus of ammonites belonging to the family Hildocerataceae.

<i>Mercaticeras</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Mercaticeras is an extinct genus of ammonites belonging to the family Hildoceratidae.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 M. K. Howarth 2013. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, Revised, Volume 3B, Chapter 4: Psiloceratoidea, Eoderoceratoidea, Hildoceratoidea.
  2. M. K. Howarth 1992. HILDOCERATIDAE IN THE LOWER JURASSIC OF BRITAIN
  3. 1 2 GUEZZEN, Halima. BIODIVERSITE COMPAREE ET BIOGEOGRAPHIE QUANTITATIVE DES AMMONITES DE LA TETHYS OCCIDENTALE AU COURS DU TOARCIEN. 2011. PhD Thesis.
  4. 1 2 3 4 BÉCAUD, Marc. Les Harpoceratinae, Hildoceratinae et Paroniceratinae du Toarcien de la Vendée et des Deux-Sèvres (France). Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, 2006.
  5. GALÁCZ, András; GÉCZY, Barnabás; VÖRÖS, Attila. Toarcian and Aalenian (Jurassic) ammonites and brachiopods from Monte Kumeta, Western Sicily. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 2007, 245.3: 341-352.