| Panamanian climbing rat | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Tylomys panamensis (below) and Oryzomys couesi (above). [1] | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Cricetidae |
| Genus: | Tylomys |
| Species: | T. panamensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Tylomys panamensis (Gray, 1873) | |
The Panamanian climbing rat (Tylomys panamensis) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is endemic to Panama.
The subfamily Tylomyinae consists of several species of New World rats and mice including the vesper and climbing rats. They are not as well known as their relatives in the subfamilies Sigmodontinae and Neotominae. Many authorities place all three of these subfamilies in a single subfamily, Sigmodontinae.
Oryzomys couesi, also known as Coues's rice rat, is a semiaquatic rodent in the family Cricetidae occurring from southernmost Texas through Mexico and Central America into northwestern Colombia. It is usually found in wet habitats, such as marshes, but also lives in drier forests and shrublands. Weighing about 43 to 82 g, O. couesi is a medium-sized to large rat. The coarse fur is buff to reddish above and white to buff below. The hindfeet show some specializations for life in the water, such as reduced ungual tufts of hair around the digits. It has 56 chromosomes. There is much geographic variation in size, proportions, color, and skull features. Oryzomys couesi is active during the night and builds nests of vegetation that are suspended among reeds about 1 m (3.3 ft) above the ground. It is an excellent swimmer and dives well, but can also climb in vegetation. An omnivore, it eats both plant and animal food, including seeds and insects. It breeds throughout the year; females give birth to about four young after a pregnancy of 21 to 28 days. The species may be infected by several different parasites and by two hantaviruses.
The yellow isthmus rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama. It was discovered by W. W. Brown Jr. on the southern slope of Volcan de Chiriqui. He found it common in the upland forest from 1000 to 1500m, but no specimens were taken above or below these elevations. Museum records specify two isolated populations in western Panama, one at Cerro Colorado where R. Pine et al. collected in 1980 and at Cerro Hoya on the Azuero Peninsula by C. Handley in 1962. The presence of I. flavidus or a closely allied form in Costa Rica is probable, however, no specimens have been reported. There are no currently known fossil records of Isthmomys.
Neacomys pictus, also known as the painted neacomys or painted bristly mouse, is a species of rodent in the genus Neacomys of family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama.
Transandinomys talamancae is a rodent in the family Cricetidae that occurs from Costa Rica to southwestern Ecuador and northern Venezuela. Its habitat consists of lowland forests up to 1,500 m (5,000 ft) above sea level. With a body mass of 38 to 74 g, it is a medium-sized rice rat. The fur is soft and is reddish to brownish on the upperparts and white to buff on the underparts. The tail is dark brown above and lighter below and the ears and feet are long. The vibrissae (whiskers) are very long. In the skull, the rostrum is long and the braincase is low. The number of chromosomes varies from 34 to 54.
Alston's brown mouse, also called Alston's singing mouse, short-tailed singing mouse, or singing mouse, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Central America, from Chiapas, Mexico, to western Panama.
Tanyuromys aphrastus, known as the long-tailed sigmodontomys, Harris's rice water rat, or the long-tailed rice rat, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is known from Costa Rica, Panama, and Ecuador. In 2012, it was reassigned to its current genus from Sigmodontomys.
The Chiapan climbing rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Mexico. The species is known from only one location in Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas. The habitat in the region is being converted to agricultural and urban use, which is likely causing critical declines in numbers of T. bullaris.
Tylomys is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It contains the following species:
The fulvous-bellied climbing rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama.
The Mira climbing rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.
Peters's climbing rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
The Tumbala climbing rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Mexico, where it is known only from one locality in Tumbalá, Chiapas. The species is threatened by deforestation.
Watson's climbing rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
Elachistocleis panamensis is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in Colombia and Panama. It is common in some areas in Panama but not considered common in Colombia. It lives in open grassy areas, occasionally within forests, and can also be found in pastures and arable land. It breeds in ponds.
The Tacarcuna tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Panama and Colombia.
Guatteria panamensis is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The ornate spider monkey, is a subspecies of Geoffroy's spider monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central America, native to Costa Rica and Panama. Other common names for this subspecies include the brilliant spider monkey, the common spider monkey, the red spider monkey, the Panama spider ape, and the Azuero spider monkey; the latter two of which were previously thought to be distinct subspecies, panamensis and azuerensis, respectively.
Cephalopholis panamensis, the Pacific graysby or Panama graysby, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.
Echinosaura panamensis, the Panama teiid, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Panama.
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