Pannonia Inferior

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Pannonia Inferior
Province of the Roman Empire
103–3rd century
Roman Empire - Pannonia Inferior (125 AD).svg
Pannonia Inferior (125 AD)
Capital Aquincum and Sirmium [1]
History 
 Established
103
 Reorganized
3rd century
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg Pannonia
Pannonia Secunda Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg
Pannonia Valeria Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg
Today part of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Hungary
Serbia

Pannonia Inferior, lit. Lower Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sirmium. It was one of the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannonia into two parts: Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior. The province included parts of present-day states of Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The province was bordered to the east (across the Danube) by a Sarmatian tribe—the Iazyges. Later, the Vandals appeared to the north-east.

Contents

Settlements

Pannonia Inferior Pannonia02.png
Pannonia Inferior

Major settlements in Pannonia Inferior included:

Aftermath and legacy

The province was yet again split during the reign of the tetrarchs into two more provinces, Pannonia Valeria in the north, with the new provincial capital at Sopianae, and Pannonia Secunda in the south with Sirmium as the provincial capital. During the Frankish period, in the 9th century, the term Lower Pannonia was used to designate eastern and southern regions of Pannonia, including the Slavic Principality of Lower Pannonia, particularly Posavina.

List of Roman governors

See also

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References

  1. The Routledge Handbook of Archaeological Human Remains and Legislation, Taylor & Francis, page 381.
  2. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 106 to 137 are taken from Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron , 12 (1982), pp. 281-362; 13 (1983), pp. 147-237
  3. Ronald Syme's dates ("Governors of Pannonia Inferior", Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte , 14 (1965), p. 344); Eck less precisely states he was governor during the reign of Hadrian.
  4. Margaret Roxan, "Two Complete Diplomas of Pannonia Inferior: 19 May 135 and 7 August 143", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , 127 (1999), pp. 249-273
  5. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 149 to 182 are taken from Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977), pp. 250-252
  6. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 183 to 212 are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989), pp. 277-279
  7. Attested in office 11 August 192 by RMD V.446 and V.447
  8. Unless otherwise noted, governors from 215 to 235 are taken from Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare, pp. 256f
  9. 1 2 Davenport, Caillan (2012). "The Provincial Appointments of the Emperor Macrinus". Antichthon. 46: 184–203. doi:10.1017/S0066477400000198. ISSN   0066-4774. S2CID   145052620.
  10. CIL VI, 41225
  11. CIL III, 10285

Sources