Parides erithalion

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Variable cattleheart
Papilionidae - Parides erithalion polyzelus.JPG
P. e. polyzelus
Papilionidae - Parides erithalion erlaces.JPG
P. e. erlaces male, from Peru
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Genus: Parides
Species:
P. erithalion
Binomial name
Parides erithalion
(Boisduval, 1836)
Synonyms
  • Papilio erithalionBoisduval, 1836
P. e. smalli, female, Panama Variable cattleheart (Parides erithalion smalli) female.jpg
P. e. smalli, female, Panama

Parides erithalion, the variable cattleheart, is a North and South American butterfly in the family Papilionidae. The species was first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1836. [1]

Contents

Description

The upperside of the wings is black with a row of red postmedian spots. The underside of the wings is also black with a row of pink and whitish spots. [1]

In males of some subspecies the uppersides of the forewings have a large olivaceous-green patch from the inner margin forward, with a creamy-white spot, while hindwings have a band of three red spots. Fringe in both sexes is dotted with white. [2]

Subspecies

Description from Seitz

P. erithalion. Male: tibiae not thickened. Hindwing without distinct red spot behind the 2. median on the upper surface. Female: the spot before the 1. median of the forewing smaller than the preceding spot; band on the hindwing broad, pale on the innerside. Costa Rica to North Venezuela. — zeuxis Luc. (= rhameses Doubl., rhesus Koll., rhamases Fldr., abilius Fldr., rhamses Boisd.) (4a). Male: the green area much narrowed anteriorly, enclosing a large white spot before the 2. median; hindwing with 2 or 3 small red spots. Female: the posterior spot of the forewing larger than the preceding one. North Venezuela and eastern side of the Cordillera of Bogota. — erithalion Boisd. (4a) from Central Colombia (Rio Magdalena) has in the male rarely a white spot on the forewing, which is placed before the 1. median or between the radials. Female: the spot before the 1. median smaller than the preceding one; generally a few small spots outside the cell. — cauca Oberth. Male: the green area of the forewing wanting or merely indicated. Female: band on the hindwing narrow, curved, separated from the cell. Cauca valle — sadyattes Druce (4a). Male: the green area very variable, generally reduced, often wanting; all specimens with at least one white spot, which is placed before or behind the 3. radial, often a green spot in the cell. Female: band of the hindwing almost unicolorous bright red. Costa Rica to Panama. [6]

Description from Rothschild and Jordan (1906)

A full description is provided by Walter Rothschild and Karl Jordan (1906). [7] Note: Here polyzelus is treated as a full species and trichopus is P. z. trichopus.

Life cycle

The eggs are a brownish color. The caterpillar is brownish black with white and reddish-brown tubercles.

Host plants

The variable cattleheart feeds on Aristolochia cordiflora .

Status

It is common local species and not threatened. [8]

Taxonomy

Parides erithalion is a member of the anchises species group [9]

The members are

Related Research Articles

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<i>Parides photinus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides sesostris</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides panares</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides iphidamas</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides anchises</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides bunichus</i> Species of butterfly

Parides bunichus is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay.

<i>Parides gundlachianus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides agavus</i> Species of butterfly

Parides agavus, the Agavus Cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil, Paraguay, and north Argentina.

<i>Parides phalaecus</i> Species of butterfly

Parides phaleucas is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1869. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

<i>Parides aeneas</i> Species of butterfly

Parides aeneas is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm.

<i>Parides lysander</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides neophilus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Parides phosphorus</i> Species of butterfly

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References

  1. 1 2 Glassberg, Jeffrey (2007). A Swift Guide to the Butterflies of Mexico and Central America. Sunstreak Books Inc. ISBN   978-1-4243-0915-3
  2. 1 2 Savela, Markku (April 7, 2019). "Parides erithalion (Boisduval, 1836)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  3. ↑ Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN   0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 8
  4. ↑ Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN   0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 9
  5. ↑ Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN   0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 22
  6. ↑ Jordan, K., in Seitz, A. ( 1907) . The Macrolepidoptera of the World. 5: The Macrolepidoptera of the American faunistic region. Papilionidae 1-45. PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  7. ↑ Rothschild, W. & Jordan, K. (1906). "A revision of the American Papilios". Novitates Zoologicae . 13: 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P. H. Arnaud, 1967)
  8. ↑ Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. ISBN   978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  9. ↑ Edwin Möhn, 2007 Butterflies of the World, Part 26: Papilionidae XIII. Parides Verlag Goecke & Evers Verlag Goecke & Evers ISBN   9783937783277
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