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Amphipoda is an order of malacostracan crustaceans with no carapace and generally with laterally compressed bodies. Amphipods range in size from 1 to 340 millimetres and are mostly detritivores or scavengers. There are more than 9,900 amphipod species so far described. They are mostly marine animals, but are found in almost all aquatic environments. Some 1,900 species live in fresh water, and the order also includes terrestrial animals and sandhoppers such as Talitrus saltator.
Nepenthes tenuis is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Sumatra. The species was first collected in 1957, from a remote mountain in the western part of the island. It remained undescribed until 1994, and was only rediscovered in the wild in 2002. Prior to this, N. tenuis was known solely from a single photograph and dried herbarium specimen.
Chaetocorophium is a monotypic genus of amphipods in the family Corophiidae, containing only the species Chaetocorophium lucasi. Chaetocorophium is very closely related to Paracorophium, and some researchers propose synonymising the two genera.
The Kauaʻi cave wolf spider, also known to local residents as the "blind spider", is only known to occur in a few caves in a lava flow with an area of 10.5 km2 (4.1 sq mi) in the Kōloa–Poʻipū region of Kauaʻi, Hawaiian Islands, and only six populations are known to exist. While their nearest surface-dwelling relatives have large eyes, this species has completely lost its eyes. They reach a body length around 20 mm (0.8 in), and are reddish brown and completely harmless to people. Unlike most wolf spiders, it produces only 15 to 30 eggs per clutch. The female carries the egg sac in her mouthparts until the spiderlings hatch.
The bushy-tailed mongoose is a mammal in the family Herpestidae found in central Africa, from southern Kenya to central Mozambique.
Wainuia urnula is a species of air-breathing predatory land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.
Spelaeorchestia koloana, the Kauaʻi cave amphipod or ʻuku noho ana in Hawaiian, is a cave-dwelling crustacean only found on the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi. It is eyeless and measures 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in) long. It is only known from 10 populations, and eats decaying plant matter and other decomposing material.
The least pipistrelle is a species of vesper bat.
The slender squirrel is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is arboreal and found in Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand. The body is brown on the upper parts and light grey on the underparts. The body measures about 13–16 cm, with a slightly shorter slender tail. It feeds on soft bark, fruits and insects.
The Timor shrew or thin shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Timor. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Hippocampus coronatus, commonly known as the high-crowned seahorse or crowned seahorse, is a species of fish of the family Syngnathidae. It is endemic to the Pacific coastal waters of Japan, where it lives among Zostera seagrasses. It can grow to lengths of 10.8 centimetres (4.3 in), but is more commonly 6 centimetres (2.4 in). Individuals feed mainly on small crustaceans such as gammarid amphipods and copepods, although this can vary by size, with smaller individuals consuming copepods while larger individuals feed on amphipods and mysids. This species is ovoviviparous, with males brooding eggs in a brood pouch before giving birth to live young. Breeding season occurs from June to November, with females and males reaching sexual maturity at 6.9 centimetres (2.7 in) and 7.3 centimetres (2.9 in) respectively. Male brood size ranges from 12–46. The International trade in this species has been monitored through Appendix II of the CITES licensing system since 2004 and a minimum size of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) applies to traded specimens.
Allocrangonyx is a genus of troglobitic amphipod crustaceans from the South Central United States. The two species are both listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. The animals are blind and unpigmented. During the male's development, the outer ramus of the third uropod differentiates into secondary segments and grows to a length greater than the animal's body length.
Austrogammarus australis, also known as the "Dandenong amphipod" is a species of amphipod crustacean in family Paramelitidae. It is endemic to Australia and until recently thought to be extinct, but surveys conducted in the Dandenong Ranges have revealed small populations. Recent works have been undertaken to improve habitat quality and extend the range of the invertebrate.
Gammarus acherondytes, the Illinois cave amphipod, is a species of crustacean in the family Gammaridae. The crustacean is endemic to the Illinois Sinkhole Plain of Monroe County and St. Clair County, in southwestern Illinois, including Illinois Caverns State Natural Area.
Gammarus desperatus is a species of amphipod crustacean in the family Gammaridae.
Gammarus hyalelloides is a species of amphipod crustacean in the family Gammaridae. It is endemic to four springs in Jeff Davis County and Reeves County, Texas, and is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List.
Stygobromus lucifugus is an extinct species of amphipod crustacean in the family Crangonyctidae. It was first described by Oliver Perry Hay who found it living in a well near Abingdon, Knox County, Illinois, United States, and it was endemic to that state.
Microtropis tenuis is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Parorchestia is a genus of amphipods in the family Talitridae, containing the following species:
References
- ↑ Jim Lowry (2010). "Parorchestia tenuis (Dana, 1852)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ↑ Kelvin W. Duncan (1994). Susceptibility of terrestrial amphipods, especially Tara taranaki, to possum control operations (PDF). Conservation Advisory Science Notes. 80. Wellington: Department of Conservation.
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