The (right) superior vena cava (on left) and the left brachiocephalic vein (here labeled as left innominate vein). The left superior vena cava is not shown in this image.
The (right) superior vena cava is almost always unaffected by the presence of persistent left superior vena cava.[4][5]
Diagnosis
If an anomaly is detected during a routine ultrasound, a fetalechocardiogram is performed to determine whether a fetus has the condition.[8] Otherwise, it is often unnoticed unless an extenuating circumstance warrants further examination of the heart, usually much later in life.[citation needed]
If no other cardiac abnormalities are present, persistent left superior vena cava will not be treated, as it is usually asymptomatic and unharmful.[4] If it drains into the left atrium, then deoxygenated blood enters the circulation to the body, and cyanosis may occur.[8]
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