| Phelloriniaceae | |
|---|---|
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| Phellorinia herculeana | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Family: | Phelloriniaceae Ulbr. (1951) |
| Type genus | |
| Phellorinia Berk. (1843) | |
| Genera | |
The Phelloriniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains two monotypic genera, Dictyocephalos and Phellorinia . [1] The family was circumscribed by the German botanist Oskar Eberhard Ulbrich in 1951. [2]
The Russulales are an order of the Agaricomycetes,. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi, the order consists of 12 families, 80 genera, and 1767 species. According to Species Fungorum, the order contains 13 families, 117 genera, and 3,060 species.
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. They range from the ubiquitous common mushroom to the deadly destroying angel and the hallucinogenic fly agaric to the bioluminescent jack-o-lantern mushroom.
The Marasmiaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi which have white spores. They mostly have tough stems and the capability of shrivelling up during a dry period and later recovering. The widely consumed edible fungus Lentinula edodes, the shiitake mushroom, is a member of this family. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 54 genera and 1590 species.
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics, including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species, DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 25 genera and over 600 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.
The Clavariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Collectively, they are commonly known as coral fungi due to their resemblance to aquatic coral, although other vernacular names including antler fungi, finger fungi, worm mold, and spaghetti mushroom are sometimes used for similar reasons.
The Inocybaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Members of this family have a widespread distribution in tropical and temperate areas.
Hygrophoropsis is a genus of gilled fungi in the family Hygrophoropsidaceae. It was circumscribed in 1888 to contain the type species, H. aurantiaca, a widespread fungus that, based on its appearance, has been affiliated with Cantharellus, Clitocybe, and Paxillus. Modern molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that the genus belongs to the suborder Coniophorineae of the order Boletales.
Squamanita is a parasitic genus of agaric fungi formerly classified in the family Tricholomataceae and is now in the Cystodermateae in the Squamanitaceae. The fruitbodies of this genus resemble a normal agaric but they emerge from parasitized fruitbodies of other agarics that Squamanita has deformed. The deformation may be massive and the host may then resemble a lump, or the deformation may be so subtle that the Squamanita appears to be grafted onto the stipe of the host that nearly always fails to form a pileus. Because of the seamless graft-like attachment or the severe deformation of the host into a nonrecognizable blob, early descriptions included features of the host in descriptions of Squamanita as if they were parts of the parasite. This error led to the creation of a separate subgenus because of misinterpretation of host veil tissue as part of the parasite and ultimately a separate genus, Dissoderma. Serendipitous discovery of one parasitized host fruitbody (Galerina) that formed its own pileus that then bore three Squamanita contortipes fruitbodies revealed the parasitic nature of the relationship for that species and the entire genus. This discovery was so shocking that it was featured in Nature magazine under the title 'Mycological mystery tour'. Once the parasitic nature was revealed, the term 'protocarpic tuber' used by earlier authors for the parasitized host base was replaced by the term 'cecidiocarp' or 'cecidiocarpo' in Spanish.
The Serpulaceae are a family of fungi in the Boletales order. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi, the family contains 4 genera and 20 species. However, a molecular phylogenetics study showed that the genus Neopaxillus, which was formerly placed in this family, belongs in the family Crepidotaceae in the order Agaricales.
Paragyrodon is a genus of fungi in the family Paxillaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Paragyrodon sphaerosporus. Paragyrodon was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1942.
Phellorinia is a genus of fungi in the family Phelloriniaceae of the order Agaricales. The genus is monotypic, and contains the single species Phellorinia herculeana, described by English naturalist Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1843 as P. inquinans.
Dictyocephalos is a genus of fungi in the family Phelloriniaceae of the order Agaricales. The genus is monotypic, and contains the single species Dictyocephalos attenuatus, described by the American botanist Lucien Marcus Underwood in 1901.
Pistillina is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales. The genus has a widespread distribution in northern temperate areas and contains four species.
Meinhard Michael Moser was an Austrian mycologist. His work principally concerned the taxonomy, chemistry, and toxicity of the gilled mushrooms (Agaricales), especially those of the genus Cortinarius, and the ecology of ectomycorrhizal relationships. His contributions to the Kleine Kryptogamenflora von Mitteleuropa series of mycological guidebooks were well regarded and widely used. In particular, his 1953 Blätter- und Bauchpilze [The Gilled and Gasteroid Fungi ], which became known as simply "Moser", saw several editions in both the original German and in translation. Other important works included a 1960 monograph on the genus Phlegmacium and a 1975 study of members of Cortinarius, Dermocybe, and Stephanopus in South America, co-authored with the mycologist Egon Horak.
Egon Horak is an Austrian mycologist who has described more than 1000 species of fungi, including many from the Southern Hemisphere, particularly New Zealand and South America. He was an executive editor of the scientific journal Sydowia from 1975 to 1989, and a member of the editorial board afterwards.
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