The provincial subdivision has a population of about 20,000 inhabitants in an area of 63km2 (24sqmi), and its capital city is Pinamar, which is around 349km (217mi) from Buenos Aires.
The Pinamar Partido was created on July 1, 1978,[2] through Decree/Law 9.024/78 promulgated by the Provincial Government.[1] Until then, the city of Pinamar had been part of General Madariaga Partido.
History
Origins
In the XIX century, the region where the Pinamar Partido stays nowadays was a desertic area plenty of dunes facing the sea. Those dunes constituted the fields called "Los Montes Grandes de Juancho", which belonged to Don Martín de Alzaga, an older man and landowner, who had married Felicitas Guerrero in 1862, a young woman of only 16 years old.[3]
When Martín de Álzaga died in 1870, Felicitas inherited these lands that were part of the Bella Vista, La Postrera and Laguna de Juancho ranches. After the murder of Felicitas, victim of a femicide committed by Enrique Ocampo, these lands are inherited by her parents: Carlos José Guerrero and Felicitas González de Cueto. When the marriage dies, their children inherit, who would be Felicitas' brothers; and among these, Carlos and Manuel Guerrero would correspond to the lands that reached the sea and that finally Héctor Manuel and Valeria Guerrero would turn these moors into the most exclusive tourist destinations on the Argentine Atlantic coast.[3]
Ostende
Decauville railway
Campos (then, "Tokio") station, where passengers boarded the train after being transported by carriages (1913)
The train running along the beach (1913)
The first city established in the region was "Ostende" founded by Belgian Fernando Robette and Italian Agustín Poli.[4] They had bought the land from Don Manuel with the aim of designing a sophisticated seaside resort with the same model as that city of Belgian origin whose name, Ostend, means “End of the East”.[3] To go to Ostende, passengers went by train to Juancho station (via Constitución–General Madariaga), then being transported by horse-drawn carriages to "Colonia Tokio" station where they took a narrow-gauge railway (Decauville) to Ostende. It was a 3 km-length railroad that reached the beach.[5] On economic grounds, the coming of the train helped the zone to increase its production. Apart from cattle, producers commercialised apples and firewood, for which some small branches were built. One of those branches reached the point where the intersection of RP 11 and RP 74 is placed today, very close to the entrance to Pinamar. Nevertheless, most of those branches would be lifted in the 1940s.[6]
When Robette was already settled he began the work to concretize his projects. Some of the constructions were a dock, and the "Hotel Termas"; That same year the construction of the Rambla Sur also began, which was intended to be an extensive coastal promenade. These works were made very hard, since in addition to the inclemency of the winds, the materials for the constructions had to be sent from Buenos Aires, being the Cabo Corrientes steamship one of the means used for transportation at that time.[3]
Two characteristic buildings in Ostende, (left): the "rambla" (boardwalk) built in 1912, and "Hotel Ostende" (right), opened in 1913
Finally, on April 6, 1913, the founding ceremony of the new city was celebrated and an important advertising campaign was produced to promote the sale of the lots. Then the houses of Fernando Robette were built, the House of Spiritual Retreats of the Carmelite Monks, the house of one of the first families to spend the summer in Ostende, called Villa Adela, and also a chapel whose owner was Mr. Domingo Repetto, which years later it would disappear due to abandonment and strong sand storms.[3]
To promote tourism on the zone, an hotel ("Hotel Termas", then "Hotel Ostende") was opened. It was inaugurated in December 1913 and had 80 rooms plus rooms for games, lecture, and fencing, restaurants, winter gardens, and even a pasta factory and pastry shop.[7][8]
During these years the Belgians return to Europe possibly because of the World War I and never returned. After several failed afforestation attempts, the sand buried several constructions, including the boulevard, evidencing the failure of the project to fix the dunes.[3] Ostende (among with other towns) would be annexed into Pinamar Partido in 1983.
Cariló, Pinamar, and Valeria del Mar
To the south of Ostende, another of Felicitas's heirs, her nephew Don Héctor Manuel Guerrero, decided in 1918 to start fixing the sand dunes of his estate called Charles to later install a nursery and plant species from different regions of the world. Over time these plantations, which were carried out with carts pulled by 8 horses, were transformed into a forest as rich in species as the one we know today by the name of "Cariló", a Mapuche word that means 'Green Medano'. In 1960 the subdivision of that forest began and then with the first constructions.
Jorge Bunge, founder of Pinamar
In the last years of the 30's, architect Jorge Bunge, a visionary man, associated with Valeria Guerrero, owner of the land and Felicitas's niece, both formed a partnership and the architect Jorge Bunge created an urban design as particular as innovative, tracing the streets in the form of arabesques and curves to respect the dunes and undulations of the landscape. This is how the fixation of the dunes begins, the opening of streets and the first constructions such as La Hostería, the Hotel Pinamar, where the first tourists came to stay, the water tank at the Mirador de Galatea and Parque Del Tridente and the first private houses. On February 14, 1943, Pinamar was inaugurated as a spa and shortly after the Urbanization Master Plan presented by the architect Jorge Bunge was approved.
Valeria Guerrero, who gave her name to "Valeria del Mar"
In August 1949 the train arrived in Pinamar,[6] and the road between Pinamar and Madariaga was created. In the mid-1940s, Valeria Guerrero decided to create her own tourist village on land that belonged to her, then the town of Valeria del Mar was founded, dunes were fixed, the area was forested with many acacias and in 1960 the first subdivision is carried out, while in 1964 the first apartment building facing the sea called "El Atlántico" is enabled.
Finally in July 1978 the "Urban Municipality of Pinamar" was created through Decree n° 9.024/78 promulgated by the Provincial Government. Therefore Pinamar became independent from General Madariaga Partido. Apart from Pinamar, creation of La Costa, Villa Gesell, and Monte Hermoso municipalities were included in the decret..[1]
Access to region were improved when the Route 11 was paved[9] The old path remained as a graved road, and entrances to Pinamar, Cariló, and Valeria del Mar were added.[10] In 1983, its name was changed to "Partido de Pinamar", being formed by the towns of Pinamar, Ostende, Valeria del Mar, and Cariló. In 1993, the town of Mar de Ostende was officially incorporated to Pinamar Partido.
Economy
The economy of Pinamar Partido is dominated by the summer tourist season (December–February), which sees hundreds of thousands of Porteños make their way to the Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Province. Pinamar Partido benefits from 25km (16mi) of beaches.
Attractions
Pinamar Partido has miles of unspoiled beaches and hundreds of acres of woodland and sand dunes. The partido has three golf courses and a wide selection of bars and restaurants.[citation needed]
A partido is the second-level administrative subdivision only in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. They are formally considered to be a single administrative unit, usually contain one or more population centers, and are divided into localidades. The subdivision in partidos in Buenos Aires Province is distinct from all other provinces of Argentina, which call their second-level subdivisions departamento and are further subdivided into distinct municipalities.
Cariló is an upscale beach resort town in Argentina. It is situated in a man made forest on the Atlantic coast of the Province of Buenos Aires, approximately 360 km south of Buenos Aires city in the administrative division of Pinamar Partido.
Pinamar is an Argentine coastal resort city located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in Buenos Aires Province. It has about 45,000 inhabitants (2020).
The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to the Argentina.
Villa Gesell is a seaside resort city in Villa Gesell Partido, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It was founded in 1931, with the intention of turning a dune field into a timber plantation. The growth of the city allowed it to annex the nearby cities of Mar de las Pampas, Las Gaviotas and Mar Azul.
The Unidad Ejecutora del Plan Ferroviario Provincial (UEPFP) (in English: "Executive Unit of the Provincial Railway Plan"), mostly known under its trade name Ferrobaires, was a public railway company which operated extensive long-distance passenger trains throughout the Buenos Aires Province in Argentina. The company was primarily owned and funded by the Buenos Aires provincial government led by Eduardo Duhalde. The name "Ferrobaires" is a combination of the Spanish words for "Rail Buenos Aires."
Miramar is an Argentine city located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in Buenos Aires Province, 450 km (280 mi) south of Buenos Aires. It is the administrative seat of General Alvarado Partido. The name “Miramar” comes from the words mira (view) and mar (sea).
The General Roca Railway (FCGR) is a 5 ft 6 in broad gauge railway in Argentina which runs from Constitución station in Buenos Aires to the south of the country through the provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Neuquén and Río Negro. It was also one of the six state-owned Argentine railway divisions formed after President Juan Perón's nationalisation of the railway network in 1948, being named after former president Julio Argentino Roca. The six companies were managed by Ferrocarriles Argentinos which was later broken up during the process of railway privatisation beginning in 1991 during Carlos Menem's presidency.
The Belgrano Norte line is a commuter rail service in Buenos Aires, Argentina run by the private company Ferrovías since 1 April 1994. This service had previously been run by the state-owned General Belgrano Railway since nationalisation of the railways in 1948. Ferrovías also formed part of the consortium Unidad de Gestión Operativa Ferroviaria de Emergencia (UGOFE) which operated other commuter rail services in Buenos Aires.
The Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway (BAGS) was one of the Big Four broad gauge, 5 ft 6 in, British-owned companies that built and operated railway networks in Argentina. The company was founded by Edward Lumb in 1862 and the first general manager was Edward Banfield after whom the Buenos Aires suburban station of Banfield was named, when it opened in 1873. After president Juan Perón nationalised the Argentine railway network in 1948 it became part of the state-owned company Ferrocarril General Roca.
Autovía 2 Juan Manuel Fangio is an Argentine dual carriageway, which runs from Buenos Aires to Mar del Plata. The road was a National Route until 1990 when it was transferred to the Government of Buenos Aires Province. The Autovía 2 extends from the junction of Provincial Routes 1 and 36 and National Route A004, just on the traffic circle "Juan María Gutiérrez", which is the limit of Berazategui and Florencio Varela districts.
Provincial Route 11 is a 583-kilometre-long (362 mi) Argentine road in the East of Buenos Aires Province. The road extends from Punta Lara to the town of Mar del Sur.
The Decauville Railway of the Bancalari Mill was a 5.4 km (3.4 mi) long narrow-gauge railway with a gauge of 600 mm, which was laid around 1889 in Manzanares, a town belonging to Pilar Partido in the Buenos Aires Province of Argentina.
Provincial Route 63 is a 29-kilometre-long (18 mi) Argentine road in the East of Buenos Aires Province. The road extends from Dolores, Buenos Aires to the "Esquina de Crotto", a paraje in Tordillo Partido.
Divisadero de Pinamar is a railway station in General Madariaga Partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The station was opened in 1996 as an extension of the General Guido – General Madariaga branch of General Roca Railway.
Pinamar was a railway station in the homonymous city of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Operated by recently created Ferrocarriles Argentinos, the station was opened in 1949 as an extension of the General Guido – General Madariaga branch of General Roca Railway, transporting tourist to the city of Pinamar mostly during Summer.
Ostende is a seaside resort on the Atlantic coast of Argentina belonging to the Pinamar Partido. The town limits to the north with the city of Pinamar, to the northeast with Mar de Ostende, to the south with Valeria del Mar, to the east with the Argentine Sea and to the west with General Madariaga Partido.
Juancho is a former railway station and current museum located in the General Madariaga Partido of Buenos Aires Province. The station was originally built by British-owned Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway in 1908, helping tourists reach the cities on the Atlantic coast such as Ostende, the first town established in region currently known as Pinamar Partido, and then Villa Gesell.
↑ [El centenario Viejo Hotel Ostende reabrirá sus puertas en el verano de 2022 El centenario Viejo Hotel Ostende reabrirá sus puertas en el verano de 2022], Perfil, 2 Aug 2021
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