Potamarius

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Potamarius
FMIB 40699 Conorhynchos nelsoni, new species.jpeg
Potamarius nelsoni
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Ariidae
Subfamily: Ariinae
Genus:Potamarius
C. L. Hubbs & R. R. Miller, 1960
Type species
Conorhynchos nelsoni
Evermann & Goldsborough 1902
Species

See text for species.

Potamarius is a genus of sea catfishes. The three species in this genus exclusively inhabit fresh water in southern Mexico and Guatemala, while P. grandoculis is found near rivers mouths in Southeast Brazil. [1] The individual species have relatively small ranges. [2] The highly endangered Paragenidens grandoculis of Brazil was long classified in Potamarius, but a 2019 study has found it to belong in its own genus. [3]

A genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

Fresh water naturally occurring water with low concentrations of dissolved salts

Fresh water is any naturally occurring water except seawater and brackish water. Fresh water includes water in ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, icebergs, bogs, ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, and even underground water called groundwater. Fresh water is generally characterized by having low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Though the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include mineral-rich waters such as chalybeate springs.

Mexico Country in the southern portion of North America

Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2,000,000 square kilometres (770,000 sq mi), the nation is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world. With an estimated population of over 120 million people, the country is the tenth most populous state and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world, while being the second most populous nation in Latin America after Brazil. Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and Mexico City, a special federal entity that is also the capital city and its most populous city. Other metropolises in the state include Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Toluca, Tijuana and León.

Species

There are currently three described species in this genus: [1] [3]

Carl Leavitt Hubbs American zoologist

Carl Leavitt Hubbs was an American ichthyologist.

Robert Rush Miller "was an important figure in American ichthyology and conservation from 1940 to the 1990s."

Barton Warren Evermann American ichthyologist (1853–1932)

Barton Warren Evermann was an American ichthyologist.

Related Research Articles

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<i>Hypostomus</i> genus of fishes

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Paraíba do Sul river in Brazil

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Doradidae family of fishes

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<i>Rineloricaria</i> genus of fishes

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Pareiorhina is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America where they are only found in Brazil. These species are known to occur at altitudes above 650 metres (2100 ft) in various rivers of the Grande, Paraíba do Sul, São Francisco and Tietê River basins. This genus was first erected by Gosline in 1947 as a monotypic genus to include Rhinelepis rudolphi. It was not until 2003 that a second species, P. carrancas, was described. The third species, P. brachyrhyncha was described in 2005. Pareiorhina forms a monophyletic subunit with Neoplecostomus within the paraphyletic subfamily Neoplecostominae.

<i>Cathorops</i> genus of fishes

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Acentronichthys leptos is the only species of catfish in the genus Acentronichthys of the family Heptapteridae. This species occurs in coastal streams in Brazil from Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina State, in São Mateus, Espírito Santo State and on Leopoldina, Minas Gerais. This species grows to 9.1 cm (3.6 in) in SL.

<i>Galeichthys</i> genus of fishes

Galeichthys is a genus of sea catfishes. The only genus in the subfamily Galeichthyinae, this genus includes four species.

Cavefish Wikimedia disambiguation page

Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. Related terms are subterranean fish, troglomorphic fish, troglobitic fish, stygobitic fish, phreatic fish and hypogean fish.

<i>Neoarius berneyi</i> species of fish

Neoarius berneyi, the highfin catfish, Berney's catfish, Berney's shark catfish, or the lesser salmon catfish, is a freshwater sea catfish that is commonly kept in aquariums. The origin of the name Neoarius berneyi is Greek, with the genus name Neoarius coming from the words neos meaning new and arios, meaning warlike or hostile, in reference to the well developed fin spines, and the species name, berneyi, comes from the ornithologist F. L. Berney.

Paragenidens is a monotypic genus of sea catfishes containing just one species, P. grandoculis. This species was formerly classified under the genus Potamarius until a 2019 study found it to be wholly distinct from it. It is endemic to Brazil, where it is known from the Doce and the Paraíba do Sul rivers and their mouths. It is highly endangered and was not seen for over 50 years until it was rediscovered during fieldwork for the 2019 study that reclassified it. It is now only known from Lagoa Nova in the municipality of Linhares in Espirito Santo state, having been extirpated from its only other recent locality, Lagoa Juparanã in Linhares.

References

  1. 1 2 Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2011). Species of Potamarius in FishBase . December 2011 version.
  2. ICMBio (Ministry of the Environment, Brazil): Portaria MMA nº 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014. Lista de Especies Ameaçadas - Saiba Mais. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
  3. 1 2 Oliveira, Claudio; Gasparini, João Luiz Rosetti; Lima, Flávio César Thadeo; Ingenito, Leonardo Ferreira Da Silva; Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires (2019-04-18). "Systematics, biogeography and conservation of Paragenidens grandoculis n. gen. and n. comb. (Siluriformes; Ariidae), a critically endangered species from southeastern Brazil". Zootaxa. 4586 (3): 425–444. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4586.3.2. ISSN   1175-5334.