The term carp is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia. While carp are prized quarries and are valued as both food and ornamental fish in many parts of the Old World, they are considered trash fish and invasive pests in many parts of Africa, Australia and most of the United States.
Cyprinus is the genus of typical carps in family Cyprinidae. Most species in the genus are of East Asia origin with only the common carp in Western Asia and Europe; this invasive species has also been introduced to many other regions around the world. Cyprinus are closely related to some more barb-like genera, such as Cyclocheilichthys and Barbonymus (tinfoils). The crucian carps (Carassius) of western Eurasia, which include the goldfish, are apparently not as closely related.
The grass carp is a species of large herbivorous freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, native to the Pacific Far East, with a native range stretching from northern Vietnam to the Amur River on the Sino-Russian border. This Asian carp is the only species of the genus Ctenopharyngodon.
Catla, also known as the major South Asian carp, is an economically important South Asian freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It is native to rivers and lakes in northern India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan, but has also been introduced elsewhere in South Asia and is commonly farmed.
The bighead carp is a species of cyprinid freshwater fish native to East Asia, and is one of several Asian carps introduced into North America. It is one of the most intensively exploited fishes in fish farming, with an annual worldwide production of over three million tonnes in 2013, principally from China. Unlike the omnivorous common carp, bighead carp are primarily filter-feeding algae eaters, preferentially consuming zooplankton but also phytoplankton and detritus.
Poropuntius krempfi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Poropuntius from the Red River drainage in Vietnam and Yunnan, and from the Ma River drainage in Vietnam and Laos.
The mrigal carp, also known as the white carp, is a species of ray-finned fish in the carp family. Native to streams and rivers in India, the only surviving wild population is in the Cauvery River, leading to its IUCN rating as vulnerable. It is widely aquafarmed, and introduced populations exist outside its native range. It reaches a maximum length of 1 m (3.3 ft). This species and Cirrhinus mrigala are considered distinct.
Cirrhinus molitorella is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Cirrhinus found mainly in southern China and Vietnam.
Cyprinus rubrofuscus, the Amur carp, is a species of cyprinid fish, and is the wild form of the well-known koi. It is widespread in the fresh waters of eastern Asia, native to China, Korea, Russia, Vietnam and Laos from the Amur to Red River basins, and has also been introduced outside its native range. It is known for its muddy flavor and boniness, hence, it is not commonly eaten by locals except when stewed.
Folifer is a monospecific genus of brackish and freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the carps, minnows and related fishes. The only species in the genus is Folifer brevifilis, a fish with a wide distribution in Southeast Asia and southern China, including Hainan. It is found in the middle and lower parts of flowing rivers where there is clear and open water, it avoids still water. The diet f this fish includes molluscs, crustaceans, insect larvae, algae and organic debris. This species attains sexual maturity after tw years and spawns over stont riverbeds in areas of clear and open water, This species has a maximum total length of 40.5 cm (15.9 in), although a standard length of 19.2 cm (7.6 in) is more typical. F. brevifilis is valued as a food fish but is not taken in large numbers. It may be a migratory species which may be impacted by dams and river diversions.
Laocypris is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. The only species so far formally described in this genus is Laocypris hispida which is endemic to Laos, where there my be more than one species.
Procypris is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. The fishes in this genus are found in eastern Asia.
Rohteichthys is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs and related species. The only species in the genus is Rohteichthys microlepis. This species is found in Indonesia on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra.
Mystacoleucus argenteus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. This fish is found in Thailand and Myanmar in the drainage system of the Salween River.
Sikukia gudgeri is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs and related fishes. This species is found in the Mekong river system, The species is endemic to the Mekong basin, in Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, it is also known from the Tonle Sap system.
Sikukia stejnegeri is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs and related fishes. This species is found in Southeast Asia.
Cyprinae is a subfamily of largely freshwater ray-finned fishes, one of ten subfamilies belonging to the family Cyprinidae. This family comprises the carps, minnows, barbs and related fishes.
The pocket-like lip barbel is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the carp and minnow family, the Cyprinidae. It occurs in the Nam Xam and Nam Ma river basins in Laos, the Red River basin in Vietnam and Yunnan, as well as in most of the coastal drainage basins of northern Vietnam.
Procypris rabaudi, the rock carp, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish beloning to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. The rock carp is endemic to China in the upper Chiang Jiang basin in Chongqing, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Gansu. This species has a maximum published standard length of 50.6 cm (19.9 in).
Sikukia flavicaudata is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs and related fishes. This fish is found in the upper Mekong river system, in Yunnan, it has also been recored in Laos, and may be found in Myanmar and northern Thailand.
