Pythonodipsas

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Pythonodipsas
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Pseudaspididae
Genus: Pythonodipsas
Günther, 1868
Species:
P. carinata
Binomial name
Pythonodipsas carinata
Günther, 1868

The western keeled snake (Pythonodipsas carinata) is a species of snake in the family Pseudaspididae. It is native to western Namibia, southwestern Angola, and southwestern Zambia, and is the only member of the genus Pythonodipsas. [1]

Contents

Taxonomy

P. carinata is most closely related to Pseudaspis cana . Together these two monotypic genera make up the subfamily Pseudaspidinae of the family Lamprophiidae.

Pythonodipsas closely resembles the colubrine genus Spalerosophis , although the two are not closely related. [2]

Description

P. carinata is unusual in possessing greatly fragmented head shields, a peculiar maxillary dentition (3rd to 6th largest, posterior-most tooth large and grooved), a reduced number of palatine teeth (including a greatly enlarged "fang"), and hypapophyses developed throughout the vertebral column. It was once thought to be a possible evolutionary intermediate between vipers and non-venomous colubroids, [3] [4] but it is now known not to be closely related to vipers.

Behavior

P. carinata are nocturnal.

Diet

P. carinata eat vertebrates, with lizards comprising 67% of the diet, rodents 25%, birds 4%, and unidentified vertebrate bones 4%. Among lizard prey, geckos (39% of all prey) and skinks (18%) predominated. Both nocturnal (Afroedura, Chondrodactylus, Palmatogecko and Pachydactylus) and diurnal geckos (Rhoptropus and Narudasia) were eaten. All skink prey were Mabuya sp. Mammalian prey were eaten primarily by larger snakes. [5]

Distribution and habitat

P. carinata is a rare snake restricted to gravel plains and arid savannah.

Reproduction

P. carinata lay eggs. Females probably mature between 47.5 and 51.0 cm snout-vent length, and males between 29.0 and 31.0 cm snout-vent length. Juveniles are born at sizes between 16 and 18 cm. [5]

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References

  1. Uetz, Peter. "Pythonodipsas". The Reptile Database. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  2. Schätti, B.; McCarthy, C. (1987). "Relationship of the snake genera Pythonodipsas Günther and Spalerosophis Jan (Reptilia, Colubridae)". Bonn Zoological Bulletin. 38: 265–268.
  3. Marx, H.; Rabb, G. B.; Arnold, S. J. (1982). "Pythonodipsas and Spalerosophis, Colubrid Snake Genera Convergent to the Vipers". Copeia. 1982 (3): 553–561. doi:10.2307/1444655. JSTOR   1444655.
  4. Werner, Y. L. (1985). "Similarities of the Colubrid Snakes Spalerosophis and Pythonodipsas to Vipers: An Additional Hypothesis". Copeia. 1985 (1): 266–268. doi:10.2307/1444831. JSTOR   1444831.
  5. 1 2 Branch, W. R.; Shine, R.; Harlow, P.S.; Webb, J. K. (1997). "Sexual dimorphism, diet and aspects of reproduction of the western keeled snake, Pythonodipsas carinata (Serpentes: Colubridae)". African Journal of Herpetology. 46 (2): 89–97. Bibcode:1997AfJH...46...89B. doi:10.1080/21564574.1997.9649982.