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The Trichocomaceae are a family of fungi in the order Eurotiales. Taxa are saprobes with aggressive colonization strategies, adaptable to extreme environmental conditions. Family members are cosmopolitan in distribution, ubiquitous in soil, and common associates of decaying plant and food material. The family contains some of the most familiar fungi, such as Penicillium and Aspergillus. It has been proposed that the family should be split into the three families Aspergillaceae, Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae.
Acrophialophora fusispora is a poorly studied ascomycete fungus found in soil, air and various plants. A. fusispora is morphologically similar to the genera Paecilomyces and Masonia, but differ in the presence of pigmented conidiophores, verticillate phialides, and frequent sympodial proliferation. Moreover, A. fusispora is distinguished by its pigmented spindle-shaped conidia, covered with spiral bands. The fungus is naturally found in soils of tropical to temperate regions. The fungus has been identified as a plant and animal pathogen, and has recently been recognized as an emerging opportunistic human pathogen. A. fusispora infection in human is rare and has few documented clinical cases, but due to the rarity of the fungus and potential misidentification, the infections may be underdiagnosed. Clinical cases of A. fusispora include cases of keratitis, pulmonary colonization and infection, and cerebral infections. The fungus also has two documented cases of infection in dogs.
Purpureocillium lilacinum is a species of filamentous fungus in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It has been isolated from a wide range of habitats, including cultivated and uncultivated soils, forests, grassland, deserts, estuarine sediments and sewage sludge, and insects. It has also been found in nematode eggs, and occasionally from females of root-knot and cyst nematodes. In addition, it has frequently been detected in the rhizosphere of many crops. The species can grow at a wide range of temperatures – from 8 to 38 °C for a few isolates, with optimal growth in the range 26 to 30 °C. It also has a wide pH tolerance and can grow on a variety of substrates. P. lilacinum has shown promising results for use as a biocontrol agent to control the growth of destructive root-knot nematodes.
Geosmithia is a genus of anamorphic fungi of uncertain familial placement in the order Hypocreales. The genus, circumscribed by Australian mycologist John Pitt in 1979, is widely distributed. A 2008 estimate placed ten species in the genus, but several new species have since been described. Thousand cankers disease, which affects economically important black walnut populations in North America, is caused by Geosmithia morbida.
Paecilomyces variotii is a common environmental mold that is widespread in composts, soils and food products. It is known from substrates including food, indoor air, wood, soil and carpet dust. Paecilomyces variotii is the asexual state of Byssochlamys spectabilis, a member of the Phylum Ascomycota. However, the Byssochlamys state is rarely observed in culture due to the heterothallic nature of this species. Paecilomyces variotii is fast growing, producing powdery to suede-like colonies that are yellow-brown or sand-colored. It is distinguishable from microscopically similar microfungi, such as the biverticillate members of the genus Penicillium by its broadly ellipsoidal to lemon-shaped conidia, loosely branched conidiophores and phialides with pointed tips. Ascospores of the sexual state, B. spectabilis, are strongly heat-resistant. As such, the fungus is a common contaminant of heat-treated foods and juices. It is also known from decaying wood and creosote-treated wood utility poles. Paecilomyces variotii has been associated with a number of infective diseases of humans and animals. It is also an important indoor environmental contaminant.
Talaromyces is a genus of fungi in the family Trichocomaceae. Described in 1955 by American mycologist Chester Ray Benjamin, species in the genus form soft, cottony fruit bodies (ascocarps) with cell walls made of tightly interwoven hyphae. The fruit bodies are often yellowish or are surrounded by yellowish granules. A 2008 estimate placed 42 species in the genus, but several new species have since been described.
Penicillium alfredii is a fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which is named after Alfred P. Sloan.
Penicillium ellipsoideosporum is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated in China.
Penicillium glaucoalbidum is a species of the genus of Penicillium.
Penicillium inflatum is an anamorph species of the genus of Penicillium which produces sterigmatocystin. It is from the Cremei section.
Penicillium osmophilum is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from agricultural soil in Wageningen in the Netherlands
Penicillium singorense is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from house dust in the city Songkhla in Thailand.
Thermoascus is a genus of soil fungi in the family Trichocomaceae. Species in the genus are characterized by the production of heat-resistant ascospores. Thermoascus was circumscribed by German botanist Hugo Miehe in 1907.
Aspergillus galapagensis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Fumigati section. Several fungi from this section produce heat-resistant ascospores, and the isolates from this section are frequently obtained from locations where natural fires have previously occurred. The species was first described in 2014. It has been isolated from soil in Ecuador. It has been reported to produce gregatins.
Aspergillus fresenii is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus fresenii produces ochratoxin A, ochratoxin B, ochratoxin C, aspochracins, mellamides, orthosporins, radarins, secopenitrems, sulphinines, xanthomegnins.
Aspergillus capensis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Flavipedes section. The species was first described in 2014.
Aspergillus sloanii is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Aspergillus section. The species was first described in 2014. It has been reported to produce auroglaucin, bisanthrons, dihydroauroglaucin, echinulins, flavoglaucin, physcion, tetracyclic, and tetrahydroauroglaucin.
Aspergillus micronesiensis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Flavipedes section. The species was first described in 2014.
Aspergillus templicola is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Flavipedes section. The species was first described in 2014.
Aspergillus griseoaurantiacus is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Versicolores section. The species was first described in 2014.
References
- ↑ Houbraken, J.; Spierenburg, H.; Frisvad, J.C. (2012). "Rasamsonia, a new genus comprising thermotolerant and thermophilic Talaromyces and Geosmithia species". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 101 (2): 403–421. doi:10.1007/s10482-011-9647-1. PMC 3261388 . PMID 21965082.
- ↑ Giraud, S.; Favennec, L.; Bougnoux, M.E.; Bouchara, J.P. (2013). "Rasamsonia argillacea species complex: taxonomy, pathogenesis and clinical relevance". Future Microbiology. 8 (8): 967–978. doi:10.2217/fmb.13.63. PMID 23902144.
- 1 2 3 Houbraken, J.; Giraud, S.; Meijer, M.; Bertout, S.; Frisvad, J.C.; Meis, J.F.; Bouchara, J.P.; Samson, R.A. (2013). "Taxonomy and antifungal susceptibility of clinical important Rasamsonia species". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 51 (1): 22–30. doi:10.1128/JCM.02147-12. PMC 3536228 . PMID 23077129.
- ↑ Su, Yuan-Ying; Ca, Lei (2013). "Rasamsonia composticola, a new thermophilic species isolated from compost in Yunnan, China". Mycological Progress. 12 (2): 213–221. doi:10.1007/s11557-012-0827-9.
- ↑ Tanney, Joey B.; Seifert, Keith A. (2013). "Rasamsonia pulvericola sp. nov., isolated from house dust". IMA Fungus. 4 (2): 205–212. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2013.04.02.06. PMC 3905939 . PMID 24563833.