Paecilomyces

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Paecilomyces
Paecilomyces variotii.tif
Scanning electron micrograph of Paecilomyces variotii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Eurotiomycetes
Order: Eurotiales
Family: Thermoascaceae
Genus: Paecilomyces
Bainier (1907)
Type species
Paecilomyces variotii
Bainier (1907)
Synonyms [1]
  • ByssochlamysWestling (1909)
  • Corollium Sopp (1912)
  • Graphidium Lindau (1909)
  • Spicariopsis R.Heim (1939)

Paecilomyces is a genus of fungi. A number of species in this genus are plant pathogens.

Contents

Several of the entomopathogenic species, such as " Paecilomyces fumosoroseus " have now been placed in the genus Isaria , in the order Hypocreales and family Cordycipitaceae. [2]

In 1974, R.A. Samson transferred the nematicidal species Paecilomyces lilacinus to this genus. [3] However, publications in the 2000s (decade) indicated that the genus Paecilomyces was not monophyletic, [4] and the new genus Purpureocillium was created to hold the taxon which includes P. lilacinum: with both parts of the name referring to the purple conidia produced by the fungus. [5]

Species

Traditionally, Paecilomyces held strictly asexual species [6] and later housed numerous anamorphic forms of fungi with their teleomorph described to a separate genus. From 41 described species in 2000 [7] and over 100 known combinations in this genus, the amount of species in Paecilomyces reduced to 10 described species in 2020 following the adaptation of the "one fungus one name" rule. [6]

Species combinations [12] not listed by Houbraken et al. 2020 [6]
Species to be ranked in Clavicipitaceae [13]
Species formerly described in Paecilomyces

incertae sedis Ascomycota

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Penicillium</i> Genus of fungi

Penicillium is a genus of ascomycetous fungi that is part of the mycobiome of many species and is of major importance in the natural environment, in food spoilage, and in food and drug production.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eurotiales</span> Order of fungi

The Eurotiales are an order of sac fungi, also known as the green and blue molds. It was circumscribed in 1980.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trichocomaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Trichocomaceae are a family of fungi in the order Eurotiales. Taxa are saprobes with aggressive colonization strategies, adaptable to extreme environmental conditions. Family members are cosmopolitan in distribution, ubiquitous in soil, and common associates of decaying plant and food material.

<i>Purpureocillium</i> Genus of fungi

Purpureocillium is a fungal genus in the Ophiocordycipitaceae family. The genus now contains at least 5 species with the type species Purpureocillium lilacinum, a common saprobic, filamentous fungus. It has been isolated from a wide range of habitats, including cultivated and uncultivated soils, forests, grassland, deserts, estuarine sediments and sewage sludge, and insects. It has also been found in nematode eggs, and occasionally from females of root-knot and cyst nematodes. In addition, it has frequently been detected in the rhizosphere of many crops. The species can grow at a wide range of temperatures – from 8 to 38 °C for a few isolates, with optimal growth in the range 26 to 30 °C. It also has a wide pH tolerance and can grow on a variety of substrates. P. lilacinum has shown promising results for use as a biocontrol agent to control the growth of destructive root-knot nematodes.

<i>Purpureocillium lilacinum</i> Species of fungus

Purpureocillium lilacinum is a species of filamentous fungus in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It has been isolated from a wide range of habitats, including cultivated and uncultivated soils, forests, grassland, deserts, estuarine sediments and sewage sludge, and insects. It has also been found in nematode eggs, and occasionally from females of root-knot and cyst nematodes. In addition, it has frequently been detected in the rhizosphere of many crops. The species can grow at a wide range of temperatures – from 8 to 38 °C for a few isolates, with optimal growth in the range 26 to 30 °C. It also has a wide pH tolerance and can grow on a variety of substrates. P. lilacinum has shown promising results for use as a biocontrol agent to control the growth of destructive root-knot nematodes.

<i>Paecilomyces variotii</i> Species of fungus

Paecilomyces variotii, also known by the name Byssochlamys spectabilis for the sexual state, is a common environmental mold from the Phylum Ascomycota. It is widespread in the environment and can be found in composts, soils and wood, as well es a common environmental contaminant in indoor air and carpet dust. Ascospores of the sexual state of P. variotii are strongly heat-resistant. As such the fungus is a common contaminant of heat-treated foods and juices. Paecilomyces variotii has been associated with a number of infective diseases of humans and animals.

Penicillium ehrlichii is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium in the order of Eurotiales. In Penicillium, it is placed in the series Janthinella in the section Lanata-Divaricata.

Penicillium osmophilum is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from agricultural soil in Wageningen in the Netherlands

Rasamsonia is a genus of fungi in the family Trichocomaceae, circumscribed in 2011 by mycologists Jos Houbraken and Jens Frisvad. It is characterized from other genera of the Trichocomaceae by the following combination of features: species are thermotolerant or thermophilic; their conidiophores have distinctly rough-walled stipes; conidia are olive brown; and ascomata, if present, have minimal covering. Rasamsonia phenotypically resembles Paecilomyces, in that both have thermotolerant species, produce olive-brown conidia, and form ascomata with no or scarce ascomatal covering; Rasamsonia, however, differs from Paecilomyces in having more regularly branched conidiophores with distinct rough-walled structures. The type species is Rasamsonia emersonii, a fungus formerly classified in the genus Talaromyces.

Thermoascus is a genus of soil fungi in the family Trichocomaceae. Species in the genus are characterized by the production of heat-resistant ascospores. Thermoascus was circumscribed by German botanist Hugo Miehe in 1907.

Monascaceae is a former family of fungi in the subclass Eurotiomycetidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aspergillaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Aspergillaceae are a family of fungi in the order Eurotiales which are commonly known as the blue and green molds. The family includes the commonly known and observed genera of Aspergillus and Penicillium amongst other lesser known mold genera but also includes larger ascomycete fungi such as Penicilliopsis.

Purpureocillium takamizusanense is a species of fungus in the genus Purpureocillium in the order of Hypocreales.

Paecilomyces niveus is a species of fungus in the genus Paecilomyces in the order of Eurotiales.

Paecilomyces lagunculariae is a species of fungus in the genus Paecilomyces in the order of Eurotiales.

Thermoascus aegyptiacus is a species of fungus in the genus Thermoascus in the order of Eurotiales.

Paecilomyces formosus is a species of fungus in the genus Paecilomyces in the order of Eurotiales.

Evansstolkia leycettana is a species of fungus in the monotypic genus Evansstolkia in the order of Eurotiales.

Paecilomyces dactylethromorphus is a species of fungus in the genus Paecilomyces in the order of Eurotiales.

Paecilomyces paravariotii is a species of fungus in the genus Paecilomyces in the order of Eurotiales, closely related to Paecilomyces variotii.

References

  1. ↑ "Synonymy. Current Name: Paecilomyces Bainier, Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 23(1): 26 (1907)". Species Fungorum . Retrieved 9 September 2023.
  2. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 18 November 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ↑ Samson RA. (1974). "Paecilomyces and some allied hyphomycetes". Studies in Mycology. Baarn: Centralbureau voor Schimmelcultures. 6: 58.
  4. ↑ Inglis PW, Tigano MS (2006). "Identification and taxonomy of some entomopathogenic Paecilomyces spp. (Ascomycota) isolates using rDNA-ITS Sequences" (PDF). Genetics and Molecular Biology. 29 (1): 132–6. doi: 10.1590/s1415-47572006000100025 .
  5. ↑ Luangsa-Ard J, Houbraken J, van Doorn T, Hong SB, Borman AM, Hywel-Jones NL, Samson RA (2011). "Purpureocillium, a new genus for the medically important Paecilomyces lilacinus". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 321 (2): 141–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02322.x . PMID   21631575.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Houbraken J, Kocsubé S, Visagie CM, Yulmaz N, Wang XC, Meijer M, Kraak B, Hubka V, Bensch K, Samson RA, Frisvad JC (2020). "Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species". Studies in Mycology. 95: 5–169. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002 .
  7. ↑ Pitt JI, Samson RA, Frisvad JC (2000). "List of accepted species and their synonyms in the family Trichocomaceae". In Samson RA, Pitt JI (eds.). Integration of Modern Taxonomic Methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification. Harwood Academic Publishers. pp. 9–49.
  8. ↑ Page Paecilomyces clematidis on "Mycobank". Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute . Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  9. ↑ Page Paecilomyces formosus on "Mycobank". Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute . Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  10. ↑ Page Paecilomyces paravariotii on "Mycobank". Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute . Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  11. ↑ Page Paecilomyces penicilliformis on "Mycobank". Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute . Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  12. ↑ Page Paecilomyces on "Mycobank". Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute . Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  13. ↑ Page Taxonomy browser ('Paecilomyces' clade) on "NCBI Taxonomy Brower". NCBI . Retrieved 7 September 2023.


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