| Rhynchodeminae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rhynchodemus sylvaticus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Platyhelminthes |
| Order: | Tricladida |
| Family: | Geoplanidae |
| Subfamily: | Rhynchodeminae [1] |
| Tribes | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Rhynchodeminae is a subfamily of land planarians with a worldwide distribution.
Based on morphological evidence, especially the presence of a single pair of eyes, the subfamily Rhynchodeminae initially encompassed only the species in the current tribe Rhynchodemini and was considered the sister group of subfamily Microplaninae. [2] The remaining tribes were considered closely related to the subfamily Geoplaninae due to the presence of multiple eyes along the body.
However, molecular studies revealed that this classification was artificial and that the Rhynchodeminae were closely related to Caenoplaninae. [3] Therefore, recent classification puts the former Rhynchodeminae as a tribe, Rynchodemini, inside an expanded subfamily Rhynchodeminae that also contains the tribes Anzoplanini, Caenoplanini, Eudoxiatoplanini and Pelmatoplanini. This group is supported by molecular phylogeny, but there are no known synapomorphies. [3]
Dugesia is a genus of dugesiid triclads that contains some common representatives of the class Turbellaria. These common flatworms are found in freshwater habitats of Africa, Eurasia, and Australia. Dugesia is best known to non-specialists because of its regeneration capacities.
Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms.
Platydemus is a genus of large predatory land planarians in the tribe Rhynchodemini.
Continenticola is a clade that includes the land planarians (Geoplanidae) and the freshwater triclads.
Dugesiidae is a family of freshwater planarians distributed worldwide. The type genus is Dugesia Girard, 1850.
Dugesia notogaea is a species of dugesiid triclad that inhabits freshwater bodies of north Queensland, Australia.
Geoplanoidea is a superfamily of freshwater and land triclads that comprises the species of the Geoplanidae and the Dugesiidae families.
Kenkiidae is a family of freshwater triclads. Their species can be found sporadically in caves, groundwater, and deep lakes in Central Asia, Far East and North America.
Cura is a genus of freshwater flatworm (triclad)s belonging to the family Dugesiidae.
Bdellouridae is a family of Maricola triclads.
Microplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians.
Neppia is a genus of dugesiid triclad that is found in South America, Subantarctic region, Africa, Tasmania and New Zealand.
Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region.
Bipaliinae is a subfamily of land planarians found mainly in Madagascar, the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, although some species have been introduced worldwide.
Rhynchodemini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae.
Caenoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae mostly found throughout the Australasian and Oceanian realms.
Anzoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae.
Cotyloplana is a genus of land planarians in the tribe Rhynchodemini.
Digonopyla is a monotypic genus of land planarians in the tribe Rhynchodemini. It contains a single species, Digonopyla harmeri.
Pelmatoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae.