Rhysodinae

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Rhysodinae
Omoglymmius americanus (Laporte) - ZooKeys-245-001-g005.jpeg
Omoglymmius americanus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Carabidae
Subfamily: Rhysodinae
Laporte, 1840

Rhysodinae is a subfamily (sometimes called wrinkled bark beetles) in the family Carabidae. There are 19 genera and at least 380 described species in Rhysodinae. [1] [2] [3] The group of genera making up Rhysodinae had been treated as the family Rhysodidae in the past, and subsequent DNA analysis then placed it within Carabidae, where it was sometimes treated as the tribe Rhysodini, [4] [5] but the most recent analyses place it as a subfamily in a clade along with subfamilies Paussinae and Siagoninae, forming a sister to the remaining Carabidae. [6]

Contents

Description

These beetles are elongate, in size ranging from 5–8 mm, and color ranging from a reddish brown to black. Both the thorax and the elytra are deeply grooved lengthwise, thus giving these beetles their common name. The head is also grooved, and posteriorly constricted into a short but visible "neck". The 11-segment antennae are short, resembling a string of beads, while the mandibles lack cutting edges and are thus nonfunctional. The front legs are short and strongly built.[ citation needed ]

Adults and larvae live in moist rotten wood that is infested with slime moulds, which are believed to be their diet. Instead of using their mandibles to bite, they use the anterior edge of the mentum and swivel their heads to cut off pieces of food. Adults do not make burrows, instead just squeezing between the cell layers of the decomposed wood, generally leaving no visible trace of their passage, while larvae live in short tunnels.[ citation needed ]

They occur on all continents with forested areas, the richest fauna being found in New Guinea, Indonesia, the Philippines, and northern South America.

Genera

Position in relation to the Carabidae according to Vasilikopoulos et al., 2021
Cicindelidae

Manticorini

Megacephalini

Collyridini

Cicindelini

Oxycheilini

Carabidae

Rhysodinae

Paussinae

Siagoninae

other subfamilies

Carabinae

Nebriinae

Broscinae

Elaphrinae

Loricerinae

Omophroninae

Scaritinae

Trechinae

Brachininae

Harpalinae

Tribe Clinidiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978

Clinidium Kirby, 1830
Grouvellina R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Rhyzodiastes Fairmaire, 1895

Tribe Dhysorini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978

Dhysores Grouvelle, 1903
Neodhysores R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Tangarona R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1982

Tribe Leoglymmiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978

Leoglymmius R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978

Tribe Medisorini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1987

Medisores R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1987

Tribe Omoglymmiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978

Arrowina R.T. Bell & J.R. Bell, 1978
Omoglymmius Ganglbauer, 1891
Plesioglymmius R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Shyrodes Grouvelle, 1903
Srimara R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Xhosores R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Yamatosa R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1979

Tribe Rhysodini Laporte, 1840

Kaveinga R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Kupeus R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1982
Rhysodes Germar, 1822

Tribe Sloanoglymmiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1991

Sloanoglymmius R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1991

Related Research Articles

<i>Calathus</i> (beetle) Genus of ground beetles

Calathus is a genus of ground beetle native to the Palearctic, the Near East and North Africa. There are at least 190 described species in Calathus.

<i>Clinidium</i> Genus of beetles

Clinidium is a genus of wrinkled bark beetles in the subfamily Rhysodinae. Most species are Neotropical, but some occur further north in North America and there is also one species in Europe and one in Japan. Two species are known from Miocene amber.

Clinidium impressum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Ross T. Bell & J.R. Bell in 1985. It is known from French Guiana and Guyana. Male measures 5.3 mm (0.21 in) and females measure 6–6.2 mm (0.24–0.24 in) in length.

Clinidium segne is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by R.T. Bell & J.R. Bell in 1985. It is known from the Aragua state in northern Venezuela. Clinidium segne females measure 4.6–5.2 mm (0.18–0.20 in) in length.

Clinidium centrale is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Antoine Henri Grouvelle in 1903. It is endemic to Costa Rica. Clinidium centrale measure 6–7.4 mm (0.24–0.29 in) in length.

Clinidium dubium is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Antoine Henri Grouvelle in 1903. It is known from Loja, Ecuador. The holotype measures 5.7 mm (0.22 in) in length.

Clinidium insigne is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Antoine Henri Grouvelle in 1903. It is known from Ecuador, provisionally from Cali, Colombia, and Yacambú National Park in Venezuela.

Clinidium integrum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Antoine Henri Grouvelle in 1903. It is known from its type locality in western Amazonas state, Brazil, and from Leticia in Amazonas Department, Colombia.

Clinidium mathani is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Antoine Henri Grouvelle in 1903. Originally known from the Amazon Basin of Brazil—its type locality is in the Amazonas State, near the border with Peru and Colombia, and there is another record from Amapá—it is now also known from the Colombian Andes in the Cordillera de los Picachos National Natural Park (Caquetá) and from near Inzá (Cauca). It is named after collector of the holotype, M. de Mathan.

Clinidium extrarium is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by R.T. & J.R. Bell in 1978. The type series originates from "N. Amerika"; the specific locality is unknown but likely was in the tropical lowlands of Mexico or northern Central America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ross Bell</span> American entomologist (1929–2019)

Ross Taylor Bell was an American entomologist with particular interest in the invertebrate natural history of Vermont, United States, and carabid beetles. Together with his wife, Joyce Rockenbach Bell, his work at the University of Vermont was largely taxonomic, where they described more than 75% of the rhysodine species known to science. Ross also wrote a number of seminal papers in his chosen field.

Bembidion sejunctum is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found on Saint Pierre and Miquelon and Magdalen Islands as well as in Canada and the United States.

Anchomenus quadratus is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in British Columbia, Canada and the U.S. states such as California, Oregon, and Washington.

Stenocrepis elegans is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in Mexico and southwestern United States.

<i>Bembidion zephyrum</i> Species of beetle

Bembidion zephyrum is a species of ground beetle found in British Columbia, Canada and California, Oregon and Washington of the United States.

Amara latior is a species of seed-eating ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.

<i>Ellipsoptera cuprascens</i> Species of beetle

Ellipsoptera cuprascens, the coppery tiger beetle, is a species of flashy tiger beetle in the family Cicindelidae. It is found in North America.

<i>Stenocrepis mexicana</i> Species of beetle

Stenocrepis elegans is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found on Cuba and Bahamas as well as in Mexico and the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Megacephalini</span> Tribe of beetles

Megacephalini is a tribe of big-headed tiger beetles in the family Cicindelidae.

Clinidium oberthueri is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by Antoine Henri Grouvelle in 1903. It is known from Ecuador where it is known with certainty from the eastern side of the Andes, and from Barbacoas, Nariño, on the other versant of the Andes in Colombia.

References

  1. Bell, Ross T. "Clinidium. Version 01 March 2000". Tree of Life Project.
  2. "GBIF" . Retrieved 2018-11-24.
  3. Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88). Pensoft Publishers: 1–972. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.88.807 . ISSN   1313-2989. PMC   3088472 . PMID   21594053.
  4. Mckenna, Duane D.; Wild, Alexander L.; Kanda, Kojun; Bellamy, Charles L.; et al. (2015). "The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end‐Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution". Systematic Entomology. 40 (4): 835–880. doi: 10.1111/syen.12132 . hdl: 10057/11540 .
  5. Bousquet, Yves (2012). "Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico". ZooKeys (245). Pensoft: 1–1722. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 . PMC   3577090 . PMID   23431087.
  6. Vasilikopoulos, A.; Balke, M.; Kukowka, S.; Pflug, J.M.; Martin, S.; Meusemann, K.; Hendrich, L.; Mayer, C.; Maddison, D.R.; Niehuis, O.; Beutel, R.G.; Misof, B. (2021). "Phylogenomic analyses clarify the pattern of evolution of Adephaga (Coleoptera) and highlight phylogenetic artefacts due to model misspecification and excessive data trimming". Syst. Entomol. 46: 991–1018. doi: 10.1111/syen.12508 .