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An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States,other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight,as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869.
The chief justice of the United States is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of the United States and is the highest-ranking officer of the U.S. federal judiciary. Article II,Section 2,Clause 2 of the U.S. Constitution grants plenary power to the president of the United States to nominate,and,with the advice and consent of the United States Senate,appoint "Judges of the supreme Court",who serve until they die,resign,retire,or are impeached and convicted. The existence of a chief justice is only explicit in Article I,Section 3,Clause 6 which states that the chief justice shall preside over the impeachment trial of the president;this has occurred three times,for Andrew Johnson,Bill Clinton,and for Donald Trump’s first impeachment.
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit is the U.S. federal court of appeals that has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts for the following federal judicial districts:
The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. courts of appeals,and it covers only the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. It meets at the E. Barrett Prettyman United States Courthouse in Washington,DC.
Frank D. Celebrezze Jr. was an American politician and jurist. A member of the Democratic Party,he served as Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court from 1978 to 1986.
Robert Nelson Cornelius Nix Jr. served as the chief justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court from 1984 to 1996. Nix was the first African-American Chief Justice of any state's highest court,and the first African American to be elected to statewide office in Pennsylvania. He served as a justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania for 24 years,12 of which were as chief justice,and was a prominent figure in Pennsylvania law and public service for more than three decades.
The Connecticut Supreme Court,formerly known as the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors,is the highest court in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It consists of a Chief Justice and six Associate Justices. The seven justices sit in Hartford,across the street from the Connecticut State Capitol. The court generally holds eight sessions of two to three weeks per year,with one session each September through November and January through May. Justices are appointed by the governor and then approved by the Connecticut General Assembly.
John Glover Roberts Jr. is an American jurist who has served since 2005 as the 17th chief justice of the United States. He has been described as having a moderate conservative judicial philosophy,though he is primarily an institutionalist. Once regarded as a swing vote,Roberts has presided over an ideological shift toward conservative jurisprudence on the high court,in which he has authored key opinions.
John Mercer Walker Jr. is a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. He served as chief judge from September 30,2000,to September 30,2006,when he assumed senior status. He was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York,appointed in 1985 by President Ronald Reagan before being elevated to the Second Circuit in 1989.
The Supreme Court of Alabama is the highest court in the state of Alabama. The court consists of a chief justice and eight associate justices. Each justice is elected in partisan elections for staggered six-year terms. The Supreme Court is housed in the Heflin-Torbert Judicial Building in downtown Montgomery,Alabama.
Benjamin Joseph Franquez "B. J." Cruz is a Chamorro lawyer,jurist,and politician who served as the Speaker of the 34th Guam Legislature from 2017 to 2018 and as Vice Speaker from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party,he previously served in the Guam Legislature from 2005 to 2007 and again from 2008 to 2018. He was Chief Justice of the Guam Supreme Court from 1999 to 2001. In September 2018,Cruz was elected to serve as Public Auditor of Guam.
The Connecticut Appellate Court is the court of first appeals for all cases arising from the Connecticut Superior Courts. Its creation in 1983 required Connecticut's voters and legislature to amend the state's constitution. The court heard its first cases on October 4,1983. The Appellate Court was also a partial successor to the former Appellate Session of the Superior Court,a court established to hear appeals in minor matters
The Supreme Court of Guam is the highest judicial body of the United States territory of Guam. The Court hears all appeals from the Superior Court of Guam and exercises original jurisdiction only in cases where a certified question is submitted to it by a U.S. federal court,the Governor of Guam,or the Guam Legislature. The Supreme Court of Guam is the ultimate judicial authority on local matters. In the past,appeals of questions involving the U.S. Constitution or federal laws or treaties were heard by a three-judge appellate panel of the U.S. District Court of Guam,from which appeals could be further taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit,but this is no longer the case. Since 2006,the court's decisions have only been appealable to the Supreme Court of the United States,in line with the practice regarding the highest courts of the 50 states. The Court sits in the Monessa G. Lujan Memorial Courtroom,which is on the third floor of the Guam Judicial Center in Hagatna,Guam.
The Government of Guam (GovGuam) is a presidential representative democratic system,whereby the president is the head of state and the governor is head of government,and of a multi-party system. Guam is an organized,unincorporated territory of the United States with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs.
Four justices of the seven-member North Carolina Supreme Court and four judges of the 15-member North Carolina Court of Appeals were elected by North Carolina voters on November 4,2014,concurrently with other state elections. Terms for seats on each court are eight years.
General elections were held in Guam on November 4,2014. Voters elected the governor,legislature,and territory's delegate to the United States House of Representatives.
Alex Robert Munson is an inactive American jurist. He was sworn in as chief judge of the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands on November 18,1988,and he took senior status effective February 28,2010. Prior to assuming his position on the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands,in 1981 he was appointed the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,and in 1989 became a designated judge for the District Court of Guam.
Frances Marie Tydingco-Gatewood is an American attorney and jurist. She has served as chief judge of the federal District Court of Guam since 2006,having been nominated by President George W. Bush. Prior to this,she served as an associate justice on the Supreme Court of Guam and as trial judge on the Superior Court of Guam.
Katherine Ann Maraman is an American judge who has been a member of the Supreme Court of Guam since 2008. From 2017 to 2020,she served as the court's chief justice,becoming the first female chief justice on the island and across Micronesia.
References
- ↑ "Robert Torres will serve third term as Supreme Court of Guam chief justice". www.kuam.com.
- ↑ "Robert J. Torres, Jr., Associate Justice". guamcourts.org.
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