Sack of Lipari

Last updated
Sack of Lipari
Date1544
Location
Result

Ottoman-Algerian victory.

• Barbarossa captures Lipari [1] [2]
• 9,000 - 11,000 inhabitants are enslaved [3]
Belligerents
Bandera de Napoles - Trastamara.svg Kingdom of Naples Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1844).svg Ottoman Empire
Flag of Algiers.jpg Regency of Algiers
Commanders and leaders
Pedro de Toledo Hayreddin Barbarossa
Strength
Unknown Unknown
Casualties and losses
Heavy losses
9,000 - 11,000 enslaved
Unknown

The sack of Lipari took place in 1544 when Hayreddin Barbarossa sacked the island and captured all or almost all of the islands inhabitants. [3]

Hayreddin Barbarossa had just captured Ischia and took care of 4,000 inhabitants. [4] He moved towards Lipari in the Kingdom of Naples where the viceroy, Pedro de Toledo, was warned of his movements. [5]

Barbarossa arrived and put the island under siege rejecting two envoys that had been sent asking for peace. The third envoy Jacopo Camagna appealed for clemency offering Lipari to Barbarossa in exchange for the safety of its inhabitants, however Barbarossa replied “You came too late for clemency. How dare you offer what is already mine? Keep your gates closed - we’ve opened a hundred such breaches with our cannon. Lipari is already in my power: it is foolishly presumptuous to grant me apparently of your own free will what you no longer possess. This is no time for treaties or agreements: you are all my slaves.” [5]

Barbarossa eventually agreed to a negotiation for the freedom of 26 families in exchange for their belongings which he took before setting on fire the towns archives, stealing whatever he could find and desecrating a cathedral and a church. [5] An estimated 9,000 or 11,000 inhabitants of Lipari were enslaved. [3] The Ottomans later sacked Vieste in southern Italy where they enslaved 7,000 inhabitants. [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeolian Islands</span> Volcanically active archipelago off the northern coast of Sicily, Italy

The Aeolian Islands, sometimes referred to as the Lipari Islands or Lipari group after their largest island, are a volcanic archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea north of Sicily, said to be named after Aeolus, the mythical ruler of the winds. The islands' inhabitants are known as Aeolians. The islands had a permanent population of 14,224 at the 2011 census; the latest official estimate is 15,419 as of 1 January 2019. The Aeolian Islands are a popular tourist destination in the summer and attract up to 600,000 visitors annually.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lipari</span> Comune in Sicily, Italy

Lipari is a comune including six of seven islands of the Aeolian Islands and it is located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the northern coast of Sicily, Southern Italy; it is administratively part of the Metropolitan City of Messina. Its population is 12,821, but during the May to September tourist season, the total population may reach up to 20,000. It is also the name of the biggest island in the archipelago, where the main urban area of the comune is located.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Preveza</span> 1538 battle of the Third Ottoman–Venetian War

The Battle of Preveza was a naval engagement that took place on 28 September 1538 near Preveza in the Ionian Sea in northwestern Greece between an Ottoman fleet and that of a Holy League. The battle was an Ottoman victory which occurred in the same area in the Ionian Sea as the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. It was one of the three largest sea battles that took place in the sixteenth century Mediterranean, along with the Battle of Djerba and the Battle of Lepanto.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrea Doria</span> Admiral of the Republic of Genoa (1466–1560)

Andrea Doria, Prince of Melfi was an Italian statesman, condottiero, and admiral, who played a key role in the Republic of Genoa during his lifetime.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barbary corsairs</span> Pirates based in North Africa

The Barbary pirates, Barbary corsairs, Ottoman corsairs, or naval mujahideen were mainly Muslim pirates and privateers who operated from the largely independent Barbary states. This area was known in Europe as the Barbary Coast, in reference to the Berbers. Slaves in Barbary could be of many ethnicities, and of many different religions, such as Christian, Jewish, or Muslim. Their predation extended throughout the Mediterranean, south along West Africa's Atlantic seaboard and into the North Atlantic as far north as Iceland, but they primarily operated in the western Mediterranean. In addition to seizing merchant ships, they engaged in razzias, raids on European coastal towns and villages, mainly in Italy, France, Spain, and Portugal, but also in the British Isles, and Iceland.

Murat Reis the Elder was an Ottoman privateer and admiral, who served in the Ottoman Navy. He is regarded as one of the most important Barbary corsairs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aruj Barbarossa</span> Ottoman corsair, later Sultan of Algiers (c. 1474–1518)

Aruj Barbarossa, known as Oruç Reis to the Turks, was an Ottoman corsair who became Sultan of Algiers. The elder brother of the famous Ottoman admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa, he was born on the Ottoman island of Midilli and died in battle against the Spanish at Tlemcen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hayreddin Barbarossa</span> 16th-century Ottoman corsair and later admiral of the Ottoman navy

Hayreddin Barbarossa, also known as Hayreddin Pasha, Hızır Hayrettin Pasha, and simply Hızır Reis, was an Ottoman corsair and later admiral of the Ottoman Navy. Barbarossa's naval victories secured Ottoman dominance over the Mediterranean during the mid-16th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vieste</span> Comune in Apulia, Italy

Vieste is a town, comune and former Catholic bishopric in the province of Foggia, in the Apulia region of southeast Italy. A marine resort in Gargano, Vieste has received Blue Flags for the purity of its waters from the Foundation for Environmental Education. The area covered by the comune is included in the Gargano National Park.

Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis was the admiral of the Ottoman Empire, as well as the Sanjak Bey of Rhodes. He played an important role in the Ottoman conquests of Egypt (1517) and Rhodes (1522) during which he commanded the Ottoman naval forces. He also helped establish the Ottoman Indian Ocean Fleet based in Suez, which was later commanded by his son, Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis.

Salah Rais was the 7th King of Algiers, an Ottoman privateer and admiral. He is alternatively referred to as Sala Reis, Salih Rais, Salek Rais and Cale Arraez in several European sources, particularly in Spain, France and Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1586–1589)</span> 2nd military encounter between Portuguese and Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman–Portuguese Conflicts (1586–1589) were armed military engagements which took place between the Portuguese Empire and the Ottoman Empire along the coast of eastern Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barbary slave trade</span> Slave markets in North Africa

The Barbary slave trade involved the capture and selling of European slaves at slave markets in the largely independent Ottoman Barbary states. European slaves were captured by Barbary pirates in slave raids on ships and by raids on coastal towns from Italy to Ireland, and the southwest of Britain, as far north as Iceland and into the Eastern Mediterranean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paliochora</span>

Paliochora, known by its contemporaries as Agios Dimitrios, was a village of approximately eight-hundred on the island of Kythira in southern Greece. The village was the first major settlement on the island since antiquity, and was sacked by the Ottoman Fleet Admiral Hayreddin Barbarossa in 1537. The fall of the village was a significant turning point in Kythirian history, and remains one of the island’s preeminent folktales.

The sack of Mahón occurred in 1535, when Hayreddin Barbarossa attacked the harbour of Mahón in the Balearic Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dragut</span> Ottoman corsair, naval commander, and governor (1485–1565)

Dragut was an Ottoman corsair, naval commander, governor, and noble. Under his command, the Ottoman Empire's maritime power was extended across North Africa. Recognized for his military genius, and as being among "the most dangerous" of corsairs, Dragut has been referred to as "the greatest pirate warrior of all time", "undoubtedly the most able of all the Turkish leaders", and "the uncrowned king of the Mediterranean". He was nicknamed "the Drawn Sword of Islam". He was described by a French admiral as "a living chart of the Mediterranean, skillful enough on land to be compared to the finest generals of the time" and that "no one was more worthy than he to bear the name of king". Hayreddin Barbarossa, who was his mentor, stated that Dragut was ahead of him "both in fishing and bravery".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lipari Cathedral</span> Roman Catholic cathedral in Lipari, Italy

Lipari Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Lipari in the Province of Messina, Sicily, dedicated to Saint Bartholomew. Formerly the episcopal seat of the diocese of Lipari, it has been since 1986 a co-cathedral in the Archdiocese of Messina-Lipari-Santa Lucia del Mela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanish Tripoli</span> Presidio of the Spanish Empire in North Africa

Tripoli, today the capital city of Libya, was a presidio of the Spanish Empire in North Africa between 1510 and 1530. The city was captured by Spanish forces in July 1510, and for the next two decades it was administered as an outpost which fell under the jurisdiction of the Spanish Viceroy of Sicily. The city was granted as a fief to the Knights Hospitaller in 1530, and the latter ruled the city until 1551.

The sack of Vieste was conducted by Dragut, an Ottoman naval commander. It took place on 15 July 1554. This sack resulted in the capture of the fortress, a massacre, and the enslavement of thousands.

The sack of Granada occurred in 1563 when Ottoman naval commander Dragut landed in the province of Granada, Spain, and sacked or captured some coastal settlements.

References