| Sapphire-bellied hummingbird | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Clade: | Strisores |
| Order: | Apodiformes |
| Family: | Trochilidae |
| Genus: | Chrysuronia |
| Species: | C. lilliae |
| Binomial name | |
| Chrysuronia lilliae (Stone, 1917) | |
 | |
| Synonyms | |
The sapphire-bellied hummingbird (Chrysuronia lilliae) is an Endangered species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to Colombia. [5] [4] [1]
The sapphire-bellied hummingbird was formerly placed in the genera Lepidopyga and Amazilia. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that both genera were polyphyletic. In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, the sapphire-bellied hummingbird was moved by most taxonomic systems to Chrysuronia . [6] [7] [5] [8] [9] However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) retains it in Amazilia. [4] At times the species has been treated as a subspecies of the sapphire-throated hummingbird (C. coeruleogularis). [8]
The sapphire-bellied hummingbird is 8.9 to 9.4 cm (3.5 to 3.7 in) long. Males weigh about 4.3 g (0.15 oz). Males' bills have a black maxilla and a black-tipped pinkish mandible. They have a shining green crown, back, and rump and their tail is forked and blue-black. They have a glittering purple gorget and the rest of their underparts are glittering blue. The female's weight has not been documented nor its plumage described, though the latter is thought to be similar to the male's but grayer on the underparts. [10] [11]
The sapphire-bellied hummingbird is found only in the mangroves of Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, a coastal wetland in northern Colombia, and in immediately adjoining arid scrublands. [10]
The sapphire-bellied hummingbird's movements, if any, have not been documented, though it might make local seasonal movements. [10] [1]
The sapphire-bellied hummingbird's preferred nectar source is the flowers of tea mangrove (Pelliciera rhizophorae), though it has been observed feeding at the flowering legume Erythrina fusca in the nearby arid scrub. In addition to nectar, it feeds on insects. [10]
Nothing is known about the sapphire-bellied hummingbird's breeding phenology. [10]
Xeno-canto and Cornell University's Macaulay Library have only a few recordings of the sapphire-bellied hummingbird's vocalizations. They are described as "a series of short chatters". [10]
The IUCN originally assessed the sapphire-bellied hummingbird as Critically Endangered but in 2021 downlisted it to Endangered. It has a very small area of suitable habitat which is undergoing continuing destruction. Its population is estimated at between 285 and 440 mature individuals and believed to be decreasing. [1] Though it occurs in two protected areas, there are very few records at one of them, Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca. [10]
The white-chested emerald is a hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Brazil, the Guianas, Trinidad, and Venezuela.
The steely-vented hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The blue-vented hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
The sapphire-spangled emerald is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is regularly found in Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela; as a vagrant in Argentina; and has possibly occurred in Ecuador.
The chestnut-bellied hummingbird is a Near Threatened species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to Colombia.
The white-bellied hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.
The indigo-capped hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to Colombia.
The azure-crowned hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.
The blue-tailed hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.
The green-and-white hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to Peru.
The green-fronted hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Mexico and possibly Guatemala.
The green-bellied hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds” tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The golden-tailed sapphire is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
Chrysuronia is a genus of hummingbirds in the family Trochilidae, all of which are native to Central and South America.
The blue-headed sapphire or Gray's hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.
Humboldt's sapphire or Humboldt's hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.
The shining-green hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The Tumbes hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
The cinnamon-sided hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
Ramosomyia is a genus in family Trochilidae, the hummingbirds, that was created in 2021 to replace Leucolia.
