سرائیکی پنجابی ਸਰਾਇਕੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ | |
|---|---|
| Languages | |
| Punjabi | |
| Religion | |
Predominately:  Islam Minority:  Hinduism,  Sikhism |
The Saraiki diaspora refers to the dispersing of ethnic Punjabi from Punjab's Saraiki speaking to other parts of the world.
سرائیکی پنجابی ਸਰਾਇਕੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ | |
|---|---|
| Languages | |
| Punjabi | |
| Religion | |
| Predominately: Islam Minority: Hinduism, Sikhism |
The Saraiki diaspora refers to the dispersing of ethnic Punjabi from Punjab's Saraiki speaking to other parts of the world.
According to the Indian census of 2001, Saraiki is spoken in urban areas throughout northwest and north central India, mainly by the descendants of migrants from western Punjab after the Partition of India in 1947. Out of these, 56,096 persons report their dialect as Mūltānī and by 11,873 individuals report their dialect as Bahāwalpurī. [1] One dialects of Saraiki that is spoken by Indian Saraikis is Derawali, spoken by Derawals in Derawal Nagar, Delhi who migrated to India during the partition. [2] Other dialects spoken by Indian Saraikis include Jafri, Saraiki Hindki, Jhangi, Thali, and Jatki. [3] Many Sairaiki-origin people (whose ancestors once lived in British India) form a distinguished group of doctors, engineers, fashion designers, IT professionals. [4] Some of these people no longer speak the Saraiki language, and have majorly diluted into speaking Punjabi or Hindi. [5]
Punjab is a province of Pakistan. Located in the central-eastern region of the country, Punjab is the second-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the largest by population. Lahore is the capital and the largest city of the province. Other major cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala and Multan.
Punjabi, sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Punjab region of South Asia, corresponding to present-day Pakistan and India. Predominantly spoken by the Punjabi people, it is one of the most widely spoken native languages in the world with approximately 157 million native speakers.
Pakistan is a multilingual country with over 70 languages spoken as first languages. The majority of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family.
Hindko is a cover term for a diverse group of Lahnda dialects spoken by several million people of various ethnic backgrounds in several areas in northwestern Pakistan, primarily in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and northwestern regions of Punjab.
Saraiki is an Indo-Aryan language variety of the Western Punjabi group, spoken by around 28 million people primarily in the south-western half of the province of Punjab in Pakistan. It was previously known as Multani, after its main dialect.
The Punjabis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group associated with the Punjab region, comprising areas of northwestern India and eastern Pakistan. They generally speak Standard Punjabi or various Punjabi dialects on both sides.
Pahari-Pothwari is an Indo-Aryan language variety of Western Punjabi group, spoken on the Pothohar Plateau in the far north of Punjab, Pakistan, as well as in most of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir and in western areas of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, is known by a variety of names, the most common of which are Pahari, and Pothwari.
Derajat, the plural of the word 'dera', is a cultural region of central Pakistan, located in the region where the provinces of Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan meet. Derajat is bound by the Indus River to the east, and the Sulaiman Mountains to the west.
Ḍerāwālī is a western dialect of the Punjabi language, classified within its Saraiki variety, spoken in the Derajat region in south-western parts of the Pakistani province of Punjab. In Dera Ismail Khan District, Derawali is the local name of the Thali dialect, whereas in Dera Ghazi Khan District, it refers to the Multani dialect. In both cases, the dialect in question is also referred to as Hindkī.
Lahnda, also known as Lahndi or Western Punjabi, is a group of north-western Indo-Aryan language varieties spoken in parts of Pakistan and India. It is defined in the ISO 639 standard as a "macrolanguage" or as a "series of dialects" by other authors. Its validity as a genetic grouping is not certain. The terms "Lahnda" and "Western Punjabi" are exonyms employed by linguists, and are not used by the speakers themselves.
Hindkowans, also known as the Hindki, is a contemporary designation for speakers of Indo-Aryan languages who live among the neighbouring Pashtuns, particularly the speakers of various Hindko dialects of Western Punjabi (Lahnda). The origins of the term refer merely to the speakers of Indo-Aryan languages rather than to any particular ethnic group. The term is not only applied to several forms of "Northern Lahnda" but also to the Saraiki dialects of the districts of Dera Ghazi Khan, Mianwali, and Dera Ismail Khan, which border the southern Pashto-speaking areas.
The Punjabi dialects and languages or Greater Punjabi are a series of dialects and languages spoken around the Punjab region of Pakistan and India with varying degrees of official recognition. They have sometimes been referred to as the Greater Punjabi macrolanguage. Punjabi may also be considered as a pluricentric language with more than one standard variety.
The Saraikis, are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group native to the central Pakistan. They are multi-ethnic in origin and speak the Saraiki language.
Pakistan is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country. The major Pakistani ethnolinguistic groups include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis, Muhajirs, Balochs, Hindkowans/Hazarewals, Brahuis, Meos, and Kohistanis with significant numbers of Shina, Baltis, Kashmiris, Paharis, Chitralis, Torwalis, Hazaras, Burusho, Wakhis, Kalash, Siddis, Uzbeks, Nuristanis, Pamiris, Kyrgyz, Turkmen, Uyghurs and various other smaller minorities.
South Punjab, also proposed as Bahawalpur-South Punjab, are the names for the proposals to create a new so called province in Pakistan, out of the southern regions of Punjab. The region comprises the Bahawalpur, Multan and Dera Ghazi Khan divisions. The proposed province would form about 52 percent of the total area and almost 40 percent of the population of the current Punjab province.
Sri Gurusar Modia is a village in the Indian state of Rajasthan situated near borders of Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab states and the international border of India and Pakistan. This village is located in the tehsil Suratgarh of district Sriganganagar. Suratgarh, once known as Sodhal was believed to be surrounded by the confluence of Saraswati and Drishyati rivers but now the land is a deserted one lying amidst the expanse of The great Indian Thar desert. Suratgarh is famous for its agriculture, air force and army base stations, largest thermal power plant of Rajasthan and largest radio station of Rajasthan called as "Cotton City Channel". Sri Gurusar Modia came into limelight when a controversial self-proclaimed saint and spiritual leader Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh was believed to be incarnated there and crowned to the throne of Dera Sacha Sauda at Sirsa in 1991. With setting up of Shah Satnam Schools for both boys and girls, super speciality hospitals etc. this village became nationwide popular
Thaḷī is a western dialect of the Punjabi language spoken in parts of the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It has been classified within the Saraiki group of dialects by some linguists, as a northern dialect of Saraiki, although it has also been described as transitional between Multani and Shahpuri Punjabi. Its name derives from the Thal Desert.
The Derawal are a community of people who originated from the Derajat region, Dera jat consists of area east of suleman ranges and west of River Indus and is inhabited by Saraiki speaking Baloch people. Famous dish of the Region is Sohbat and is native to Derajat.Derajat includes the districts of Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajanpur, and Tank in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. The Baloch districts of Dera Bugti and Jafarabad are adjacent to Derajat towards the southwest. The varieties of Saraiki the Derawal people speak are collectively called Derawali dialect. Pashto and Balochi are spoken in the northern and western parts of Derajat.
Vakilan Wala is the northernmost village of the Indian state of Punjab situated near Zira City, Punjab, and the international border of India and Pakistan. It is the administrative headquarters of Ferozepur District.
Jatki, Jadgali, and other related terms have sometimes been used to refer to one or another of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken in Balochistan and neighbouring parts of Sindh and South Punjab.
Jafri, Siraiki Hindki, Thali, Jatki, Bahawalpuri (Bhawalpuri, Riasati, Reasati).
10. Ian Hancock. "On Romani Origins and Identity". RADOC. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
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