Pakistani Australians

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Pakistani Australians
Flag of Pakistan.svg Flag of Australia (converted).svg
Australia Pakistan Locator.png
Total population
103,120 (born in Pakistan, 2021) [1]
(0.4% of the Australian population) [2]
Regions with significant populations
Flag of New South Wales.svg  New South Wales 33,902 (2022) [3]
Flag of Victoria (Australia).svg  Victoria 30,945 (2022) [3]
Flag of Western Australia.svg  Western Australia 7,615 (2022) [3]
Flag of Queensland.svg  Queensland 6,434 (2022) [3]
Flag of South Australia.svg  South Australia 5,666 (2022) [3]
Flag of the Australian Capital Territory.svg  Australian Capital Territory 2,906 (2022) [3]
Flag of the Northern Territory.svg  Northern Territory 687 (2022) [3]
Flag of Tasmania.svg  Tasmania 1,469 (2022) [3]
Languages
Australian and Pakistani English  · Urdu  · Punjabi  · Sindhi  · Pashto  · Balochi  · Kashmiri  · others
Religion
Predominantly Islam, with small minority of Christianity and Hinduism
Related ethnic groups
Overseas Pakistani  · Indian Australians

Pakistani Australians are Australians who are of Pakistani descent or heritage. Most Pakistani Australians are Muslims by religion, [4] although there are also sizeable Christian, Hindu and other minorities. [5]

Contents

History in Australia

An anthropological study by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology found a genetic pattern (SNP) among Aboriginal Australians which is also present among some Dravidian speakers native to the Indian subcontinent. According to the study, the migration of these genes from the subcontinent to Australia may have occurred well over 4,200 years ago at around 2217 BC, roughly the same period when the Indus Valley civilisation (IVC) was emerging. [6] Although the IVC did not extend to the southern part of the Indian subcontinent where this SNP is predominantly found, it is a commonly held view that the Dravidians were "once more widespread than they are today." [6] The Indus Valley states extensively used seafaring ships to trade with their West Asian neighbours, and it is believed that these may have facilitated the means to get to Australia. [6] These early settlers were assimilated into the local population. [6]

Early Muslim migrants (known as "Ghans") entered Outback Australia as camel drivers in the late 1800s from Colonial India and some of those areas are now part of present-day Pakistan. [5] Many of these men were unmarried, and intermarried with local Aboriginal women, resulting in a mixed Aboriginal Australian population with ancestry in Pakistan. [7] [8]

Immigration from lands that make up the historical territory of Pakistan to Australia has been occurring since the late 19 century. In the modern sense, Pakistan came into existence in 1947 as a result of the dissolution of the British Raj via the Partition of India. In the modern post-independence sense, Pakistani migrants can be dated back to the early 1950s, Immigration to Australia from Pakistan started to pick up in the 1970s. Since then the number of Pakistani immigrants increased dramatically, with thousands of Pakistanis entering Australia each year since that time.

Demographics

Figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics for 2011 indicated that there were about 33,049 Pakistani Australians, of whom 30,221 were born in Pakistan. [9] [10] By mid-2014, the number of Pakistani-born individuals stood at 49,770. [11] At the time of the 2016 census, the total population reached 61,913 individuals. [12] The Pakistani community is the second fastest-growing in terms of population growth. [12] Pakistanis are also the largest contributor of overseas-born Muslims in Australia, at 14.7 percent. [4] Urdu is one of the most common languages in Pakistani households, [13] and Sydney has the largest Pakistani community in Oceania. [13] Auburn , Mount Druitt and Wiley Park are the suburbs in Sydney with significant Pakistani Population . In June 2017, 76,590 Pakistani-born individuals were living in Australia. [14] As of June 2018, the population was recorded at 84,340 by the ABS. [15] In 2019, the population grew by eight percent to 91,000. [3]

According to the 2006 Census in Victoria, there were an estimated 4,703 Pakistani born persons, with the majority living in Melbourne. The number has since tripled from the previous census which was in 1996. Those living in Victoria that are Pakistani-born are highly educated with more than a third working in professional positions and about half working in 'clerical, production, service, transport and sales positions'. [5]

In 2012, 7,400 Pakistani international students were studying in Australia, an increase from close to 5,000 in 2007. Under the Australia-Pakistan Scholarship Program, 500 scholarships were available to Pakistani students from 2005 to 2010 to facilitate postgraduate studies in Australia. Australia has become one of the largest markets for Pakistani students outside the United States and United Kingdom. [16]

Around 1,000 Pakistanis live in the federal capital, Canberra. [17]

Education and qualifications

Pakistani Australians tend to be urban, well-educated, and professional. [11] [18] Most of them migrate from large cities like Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad, Multan and Peshawar, and tend to be familiar with Western culture and ways of living. According to the Department of Immigration and Border Protection, around 50 percent of Pakistani-born Australians hold an undergraduate degree or higher qualification, compared to the national average of 20 percent. [18] Similarly, 52 percent of Pakistanis fall within the age bracket of 22 to 44 years. Occupationally, 29 percent of Pakistanis are employed as professionals, 10 percent are in managerial roles, 12 percent are involved in clerical and administration roles, another 12 percent are involved in community work and personal services, nine percent are sales workers, while 13 percent are drivers/machine operators, 8 percent are labourers and 7 percent are tradespeople. [18]

Religion

Religion of Pakistani Australians [19]

   Islam (92.2%)
   Catholic (1.9%)
   Hinduism (0.9%)
  Others (5.1%)

In 2016, 88.4% from Pakistani Australians (61,915 people in 2016) identified as Muslim, 2.5% as Catholic, 2.1% as Atheist, 0.8% as Hindus and 0.5% as Protestant. [20]

In 2021, 92.2% from Pakistani Australians (89,633 people in 2021) identified as Muslim, 1.9% as Catholic, 3.3% as Atheist, 0.9% as Hindus and 1.8% as Other religion.

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Pakistan</span>

Pakistan had a population of 241,495,112 according to the final results of the 2023 Census. This figure includes Pakistan's four provinces e.g. Punjab, Sindh, KPK, Balochistan and Islamabad Capital Territory. AJK and Gilgit-Baltistan's census data is yet to be approved by CCI Council of Pakistan. Pakistan is the world's fifth most populous country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Punjab, Pakistan</span> Province of Pakistan

Punjab is a province of Pakistan. With a population of over 127 million, it is the most populous province in Pakistan and second most populous subnational polity in the world. Located in the central-eastern region of the country, it has the largest economy, contributing the most to national GDP, in Pakistan. Lahore is the capital and largest city. Other major cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala and Multan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sindh</span> Province of Pakistan

Sindh is a province of Pakistan. Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province by population after Punjab. It is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan to the west and north-west and Punjab to the north. It shares an International border with the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan to the east; it is also bounded by the Arabian Sea to the south. Sindh's landscape consists mostly of alluvial plains flanking the Indus River, the Thar Desert in the eastern portion of the province along the international border with India, and the Kirthar Mountains in the western portion of the province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indus Valley Civilisation</span> Bronze Age civilisation in South Asia

The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. Together with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early civilisations of North Africa, Southwest Asia and South Asia, and of the three, the most widespread, its sites spanning an area including much of modern-day Pakistan, northwestern India and northeast Afghanistan. The civilisation flourished both in the alluvial plain of the Indus River, which flows through the length of Pakistan, and along a system of perennial monsoon-fed rivers that once coursed in the vicinity of the Ghaggar-Hakra, a seasonal river in northwest India and eastern Pakistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rawalpindi District</span> District of Punjab in Pakistan

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Islam in Australia</span>

Islam is the second-largest religion in Australia. According to the 2021 Census in Australia, the combined number of people who self-identified as Australian Muslims, from all forms of Islam, constituted 813,392 people, or 3.2% of the total Australian population. That total Muslim population makes Islam, in all its denominations and sects, the second largest religious grouping in Australia, after all denominations of Christianity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asian Australians</span> Australian of Asian ethnicity or ancestry

Asian Australians are Australians of Asian ancestry, including naturalised Australians who are immigrants from various regions in Asia and descendants of such immigrants. At the 2021 census, the proportion of the population identifying as Asian amounted to 17.4 percent with breakdowns of 6.5 percent from Southern and Central Asia, 6.4 percent from North-East Asia, and 4.5 percent from South-East Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sri Lankan Australians</span> Ethnic group

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sahiwal District</span> District in Punjab, Pakistan

Sahiwal District, formerly known as Montgomery District, is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Census in Australia</span> National census of Australia, held every five years

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhirrana</span> Archaeological site and village in Haryana, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Australians</span> Nationals of Australia

Australians, colloquially known as Aussies, are the citizens, nationals and individuals associated with the country of Australia. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or ethno-cultural. For most Australians, these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being Australian. Australian law does not provide for a racial or ethnic component of nationality, instead relying on citizenship as a legal status, though the Constitutional framers considered the Commonwealth to be "a home for Australians and the British race alone", as well as a "Christian Commonwealth". Since the postwar period, Australia has pursued an official policy of multiculturalism and has the world's eighth-largest immigrant population, with immigrants accounting for 30 percent of the population in 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pakistani diaspora</span> Pakistani nationals and citizens who reside outside of Pakistan

Overseas Pakistanis, or the Pakistani diaspora, refer to Pakistanis who live outside of Pakistan. These include citizens who have migrated to another country as well as people born abroad of Pakistani descent. According to a December 2017 estimate by the Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and Human Resource Development, approximately 8.8 million Pakistanis live abroad. Data released in 2023 by the Ministry of Emigration and Overseas Employment states that more than 10.80 million people have moved abroad since 1990.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pakistanis</span> Citizens and nationals of Pakistan

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hinduism in Asia</span>

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Tigrana is a village and Indus Valley civilisation (IVC) archaeological sites in the Bhiwani district of Haryana state of India. It lies on the NH-709A approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of the district headquarters town of Bhiwani.

Punjabi Australians are Australians who are of Punjabi descent. According to the 2016 census, Punjabi is one of the fastest-growing languages in Australia, with 132,499 individuals identifying as Punjabi-speakers. This is an increase from 71,230 individuals in 2011 and 26,000 individuals in 2006, representing a five-fold growth in 10 years.

References

  1. ↑ "2022 Country profile - Pakistan, Australian department of home affairs".
  2. ↑
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Haider, Talib (8 May 2020). "Pakistani population in Australia increases to 91,000". SBS Urdu. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  4. 1 2 Nabi, Zain (27 June 2017). "Islam most common religion in Australia after Christianity". SBS News. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 "History of immigration from Pakistan". Museum Victoria Australia. Archived from the original on 30 July 2008. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "An Antipodean Raj". The Economist. 19 January 2013. Archived from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 10 September 2020. The bronze-age Indus valley civilisation, which reached its peak of development between 2600BC and 1900BC, is less well-known to outsiders than its contemporaries in China and the Middle East... One technology it managed to develop was seaworthy ships, rather than mere boats, and Indus valley states used them to trade with their Middle Eastern neighbours. Such ships could have provided the means to get to Australia, either deliberately or by accident...
  7. ↑ Alavi, Rehman (4 December 2019). "Why this Aboriginal Australian academic is fascinated by the Indus civilisation". SBS Urdu. Archived from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2020. Professor Troy says the ancestral connections between Aboriginal people and people who came to Australia from what is now Pakistan prove great links between the cultures and civilisations...
  8. ↑ Haider, Talib (13 July 2019). "How the Cameleers and Aboriginal culture connected in Australia". SBS Urdu. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  9. ↑ The People of Australia: Statistics from the 2011 Census (National) (PDF). 2014. ISBN   978-1-920996-23-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2017. Retrieved 11 August 2016.{{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ "3412.0 - Migration, Australia, 2009-10: Australia-Born and Overseas-Born". Australian Bureau of Statistics . 16 June 2011. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  11. 1 2 "Country profile – Pakistan". Department of Immigration and Border Protection (Australian Government). 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  12. 1 2 Nabi, Zain (27 June 2017). "Number of Australians born in Pakistan doubles". SBS News. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
  13. 1 2 Nabi, Zain (28 June 2017). "Most Pakistanis and Urdu speakers live in this Australian state". SBS News. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
  14. ↑ "Country profile - Pakistan". Australian Department of Home Affairs. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  15. ↑ Haider, Talib (2 May 2019). "How many Pakistanis live in Australia". SBS News. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
  16. ↑ "Pakistan country brief". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade . Australian Government. November 2012. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  17. ↑ "Pakistani petrol attendant stabbed to death in Australia". Dawn. 7 April 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
  18. 1 2 3 Ali, Saleem (17 October 2013). "Australia and Pakistan: A Neglected Relationship?". National Geographic Voices. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  19. ↑ "Pakistani Culture - Population Statistics".
  20. ↑ "2016 People in Australia who were born in Pakistan, Census Country of birth QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics". www.abs.gov.au. Retrieved 12 April 2023.

https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/7106_6 https://www.vic.gov.au/pakistani-community-profile

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